In this study, porous BiVO4 fibers were fabricated by a simple electrospinning technique followed by a controllable annealing of electrospun precursor fibers at different temperatures. The crystal structure, morphology, pore structure and photocatalytic properties of as-made porous BiVO4 fibers were systematically investigated. The results show that the final products have fibrous morphology and the phase structure of porous fibers belongs to monoclinic scheelite structure. The crystallinity and crystalline size increases, but the specific surface area decrease with increasing calcination temperature. These porous fibers all exhibit good optical absorption in visible light. As the sample calcined at 500 °C has larger specific surface area and better crystallinity, it exhibits the best photodegrading properties for rhodamine B solution.
With Rhodamine B as a model compound, the photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants in aqueous solution was investigated within a cooperating porous BiVO4/H2O2 system under simulated sunlight irradiation. Peanut-shaped porous BiVO4 was prepared through a simple template-free solvothermal method with high yield, and was used in the cooperating catalyst/H2O2 system. The possible formation mechanism of peanut-shaped BiVO4 nanostructures was investigated. In the peanut-shaped BiVO4/H2O2 system, nearly complete degradation of Rhodamine B was observed after 60 min of irradiation under sunlight irradiation. The as-obtained porous BiVO4 photocatalyst displayed higher photocatalytic activity than those of the reference product hydrothermally synthesized and the photocatalyst P25 in the same catalyst/H2O2/sunlight system. The photocatalytic processes of the BiVO4/H2O2/sunlight system may consist of both OH˙ oxidation and direct hole attack. In addition, the peanut-shaped porous BiVO4 nanostructures were stable and maintained high photocatalytic efficiency during repeated recycles in the H2O2-containing system.
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