INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2025
·Vol. 26
·期 8
·3569
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IF 4.9
Fu Zeng,Lian Huang,Ding Han,Renjie Liu,Kongjia Zhang,Yuwen Su,Tong Su,Yarong Lin,Jianbo Xiu
Recent advances in tissue clearing chemistry have revolutionized three-dimensional imaging by enabling whole-organ antibody labeling, even in thick human tissue samples. However, these techniques face limitations, including reduced clearance efficiency in thick tissue blocks, prolonged processing times, and other challenges specific to formalin-fixed human brain tissue, such as autofluorescence due to the presence of lipofuscin, neuromelanin pigments, and residual blood. To address these challenges, we have developed an improved SHANEL procedure, iSHANEL, which is compatible with brain tissue from multiple species, including nonrodents. iSHANEL significantly enhances the tissue transparency. It effectively removes lipids, particularly sphingolipids, from brain tissue across different species. For brain vasculature imaging, it offers the better visualization of vascular structures at high magnification, reducing light scattering and background noise. Moreover, iSHANEL can be effectively applied to large tissue from pigs and cynomolgus monkeys, and it preserves protein immunogenicity well, as evidenced by immunostaining with the microglia-specific marker IBA-1. We also investigated methods to reduce blood vessel autofluorescence. Overall, iSHANEL provides an improved procedure for the high-resolution 3D imaging of brain tissue across multiple species.
研究领域:
神经科学
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生物化学
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显微成像
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PubMed
高影响因子
BMC Oral Health
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2025
·Vol. 25
·期 1
·1-16
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IF 3.1
Guo Tiantian,Wang Dai,Gao Sherry Shiqian
Background To investigate the antibiofilm effect and mechanism of the silver nanowire (AgNW)-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) against multi-species oral biofilm, and to examine the mechanical and biochemical properties of this novel GIC material. Methods Conventional GIC was incorporated with different concentrations of AgNW and silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Multi-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans , Streptococcus sobrinus , Lactobacillus fermentum , and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were cultured for 72 h on GIC specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted to examine the accumulation of biofilm on GIC surfaces. A live/dead assay was performed to assess the viability of bacteria. Extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) were labelled with Alexa Fluor 647-labelled dextran conjugate and then observed by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The D/L-Lactic Acid Assay Kit was used to evaluate the lactic acid production of the multi-species biofilms. Compressive strength, surface roughness, hardness, and wettability were measured by a universal testing machine, an atomic force microscope (AFM), a Vickers microhardness tester, and a contact angle meter, respectively. Colour stability and fluoride release of GIC specimens were assessed by VITA Easyshade® V and ion chromatography. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to study cytotoxicity. Results SEM images showed that fewer biofilms were accumulated on the AgNW-GIC surfaces. The live/dead assay showed that the ratio of live bacteria was significantly lower in AgNW-GIC groups than in conventional GIC (5.8% vs. 100%, p < 0.0001). The EPS production was significantly less in AgNW-GIC groups compared to conventional GIC ( p < 0.0001). There is no difference between groups regarding lactic acid production and fluoride release. The mechanical strength including compressive strength, surface roughness, hardness, and wettability were comparable between groups. The colour change between AgNW-GIC and conventional GIC was much milder than that between AgNP-GIC and conventional GIC. The results of cytotoxicity showed no significant differences in cell viability between groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that AgNW-GIC had an excellent antibiofilm effect against multi-species oral biofilm, comparable mechanical and biochemical properties, and did not significantly affect the colour stability of GIC. The antibiofilm mechanism of AgNW-GIC may be related to inhibiting the viability and EPS production of bacteria.
研究领域:
牙科学
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材料科学
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微生物学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Bioactive Materials
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2021
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IF 14.593
Danfeng Liu,Xianbin Ma,Yaoting Ji,Rourong Chen,Shuhui Zhou,Hantao Yao,Zichen Zhang,Mengjie Ye,Zhigang Xu,Minquan Du
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a public healthcare concern that greatly reduces the quality of life of young children. As a leading factor of ECC, cariogenic biofilms are composed of acidogenic/aciduric pathogens and extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), creating an acidic and protected microenvironment. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a noninvasive, painless, and efficient therapeutic approach that is suitable for treating ECC. However, due to the hyperfine structure of cariogenic biofilms, most photosensitizers (PSs) could not access and penetrate deeply in biofilms, which dramatically hamper their efficiency in the clinic. Herein, bioresponsive nanoparticle loaded with chlorin e6 (MPP-Ce6) is developed, which largely increases the penetration depth (by over 75%) and retention (by over 100%) of PS in the biofilm compared with free Ce6. Furthermore, MPP-Ce6-mediated aPDT not only kills the bacteria in preformed biofilms but also inhibits multispecies biofilm formation. A rampant caries model is established to mimic ECC in vivo , where the population of cariogenic bacteria is decreased to 10% after MPP-Ce6-mediated aPDT. Importantly, the number and severity of carious lesions are efficiently reduced via Keyes’ scoring and micro-CT analysis. This simple but effective strategy can serve as a promising approach for daily oral hygiene in preventing ECC.
研究领域:
口腔医学
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纳米医学
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微生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2022
·Vol. 23
·期 9
·5003
·
IF 6.208
Rui Guo,Gen Li,Leilei Lu,Shan Sun,Ting Liu,Mengsha Li,Yong Zheng,Albertha J. M. Walhout,Jun Wu,Huixin Li
Plasmids are mostly found in bacteria as extrachromosomal genetic elements and are widely used in genetic engineering. Exploring the mechanisms of plasmid–host interaction can provide crucial information for the application of plasmids in genetic engineering. However, many studies have generally focused on the influence of plasmids on their bacterial hosts, and the effects of plasmids on bacteria-feeding animals have not been explored in detail. Here, we use a “plasmid–bacteria–Caenorhabditis elegans” model to explore the impact of plasmids on their host bacteria and bacterivorous nematodes. First, the phenotypic responses ofC. eleganswere observed by feedingEscherichia coliOP50 harboring different types of plasmids. We found thatE. coliOP50 harboring plasmid pEX18Gm unexpectedly increases the fecundity ofC. elegans. Subsequently, we found that the plasmid pEX18Gm indirectly affectsC. elegansfecundity via bacterial metabolism. To explore the underlying regulatory mechanism, we performed bacterial RNA sequencing and performed in-depth analysis. We demonstrated that the plasmid pEX18Gm upregulates the transcription of methionine synthase genemetHin the bacteria, which results in an increase in methionine that supportsC. elegansfecundity. Additionally, we found that a pEX18Gm-induced increase inC. eleganscan occur in different bacterial species. Our findings highlight the plasmid–bacteria–C. elegansmodel to reveal the mechanism of plasmids’ effects on their host and provide a new pattern for systematically studying the interaction between plasmids and multi-species.Keywords:plasmid–host interaction;bacteria;C. elegans;fecundity;multi-species;RNA-seq;methionine;HPLC-MS/MS
研究领域:
微生物学
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遗传学
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分子生物学
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细菌学
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线虫学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Oral Microbiology
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2022
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IF 5.833
Ting Pan,Feng-Shou Liu,Huancai Lin,Yan Zhou
Objective Biofilm formation under cariogenic conditions contributes to dental caries development, in which Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is regarded as the major cariogenic bacteria. Here, we synthesized a series of imidazolium salts. Their properties of antimicrobial and anti-biofilm were investigated.Methods The microdilution method crystal violet staining, and cell counting Kit-8 assay were used to screen imidazolium salts. Then, the bacterial composition in multi-species biofilm composed of S. mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Streptococcus gordonii was quantified by quantitative PCR. The exopolysaccharide and morphology of the structure of multi-species biofilm were further observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscope, respectively.Results Imidazolium salts exhibited highly antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens, especially for S. mutans . Compounds with ortho-diisopropyl and para-methoxyl on N-moieties as well as bearing ancenaphthyl skeleton (C5) showed the lowest cytotoxicity and most efficient anti-biofilm activity. C5 inhibited approximately 50% of multi-species biofilm at 0.98 μg/mL. Notably, C5 resulted in 98.97% live S. mutans and 77.65% A. naeslundii decreased. Furthermore, the exopolysaccharide was reduced by 88%, along with a sparse and scattered microstructure.Conclusion The imidazolium salts present low cytotoxicity and remarkable antimicrobial activity against S. mutans in multi-species biofilm, suggesting that they may have a great potential in anti-biofilm clinical applications.
研究领域:
牙科学
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微生物学
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药物化学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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