FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Xin Ma,Shimin Wu
Reductions in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations have been observed during frying. However, transformation mechanisms of PAHs remain unclear. We hypothesize that PAHs may be oxidized into oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) and other derivatives during frying. First, the levels of 24 PAHs and 12 OPAHs during frying stinky tofu were evaluated. Among the OPAHs, 9,10-anthraquinone exhibited the greatest increase in frying oil, with an increase rate of 55 %. The transformation of anthracene into 9,10-anthraquinone was further confirmed through stable isotope tracing. Targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry analyses suggested that anthrone, heavy PAHs, and alkyl derivatives were also produced from anthracene. Theoretical calculations revealed that radical addition was kinetically and energetically more favourable than hydrogen abstraction in the initial reaction of anthracene. This study systematically elucidates, for the first time, the transformation mechanisms of anthracene in frying oil, paving the way for reducing health risks associated with PAHs.
研究领域:
食品科学
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环境化学
·
健康与毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 19
·12733
·
IF 4.614
Yahui Qian,Zhenpeng Xu,Xiuping Hong,Zhonggeng Luo,Xiulong Gao,Cai Tie,Handong Liang
Alkyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (APAHs) are more toxic and persistent than their parent compounds. Here, the concentrations, composition profiles, and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in 127 topsoil samples from Huaibei coalfield were analyzed. The PAC concentrations in different functional areas were significantly different: mining area > industrial area > residential area > agricultural area. APAHs were the major contributors to PACs, accounting for 71–83% of total PACs. Alkylnaphthalenes and alkylphenanthrenes were the primary APAH components, accounting for 83–87% of APAHs. Principal component analysis showed that petrogenic source, coal and biomass combustion, and vehicle emissions were the primary sources of PACs. By comparing the fingerprint information of soil, coal, and coal gangue, it was hypothesized that the petrogenic source of PAC pollution in typical mining areas and surrounding areas are coal particle scattering and coal gangue weathering. Some coal mining and industrial areas potentially pose risks to children, whereas others do not. There are limited evaluation criteria for alkyl PAHs; hence, the estimated risk is likely lower than the actual risk. In addition to the conventional 16 PAHs, it is critical to consider a broader range of PACs, especially APAHs.Keywords:PACs;APAHs;topsoil;petrogenic source;carcinogenic risk;Huaibei coalfield
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤学
·
毒理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2019
·
IF 3.858
Jijie Kong,Fengxi Zhu,Wen Huang,Huan He,Jiapeng Hu,Cheng Sun,Qiming Xian,Shaogui Yang
In this study, three kinds of Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), synthesized by solvothermal, stirring and ball-milling method, were fabricated on the stainless steel wire via sol-gel technique. These fibers were used as solid phase microextraction (SPME) coating materials and applied for analyzing 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 11 nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in environmental water samples by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The optimal pH, ionic strength, extraction time, extraction temperature, desorption temperature and desorption time were 6.0, without salt addition, 45 min, 35 °C, 260 °C and 5 min, respectively. The extraction mechanism of the ZIF-8 fiber might be the hydrophobicity , molecular penetration and π-π stacking interactions. Under the optimized conditions, the as-proposed fiber provides a wide linearity range from 10 to 20,000 ng L −1 and a low detection limit of 0.3–27.0 ng L −1 for PAHs and NPAHs analysis. The single fiber and fiber to fiber relative standard deviations were observed in the range of 3.0%–13.9% and 3.5%–12.3%, respectively. The method shows great potential in environmental analysis field.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Yao Zhang,Chenglei Pei,Jinwen Zhang,Chunlei Cheng,Xiufeng Lian,Mubai Chen,Bo Huang,Zhong Fu,Zhen Zhou,Mei Li
The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high performance-single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HP-SPAMS) in lab studies. The identification principles ‘parent ions’ and ‘mass-to-charge ( m / z ) = 77’ of each compound were obtained in this study. It was found that different laser energies did not affect the identification of the parent ions. The comparative experiments of ambient atmospheric particles, cooking and biomass burning emitted particles with and without the addition of PAHs were conducted and ruled out the interferences from primary and secondary organics on the identification of PAHs. Besides, the reliability of the characteristic ions extraction method was evaluated through the comparative study of similarity algorithm and deep learning algorithm. In addition, the real PAH-containing particles from vehicle exhaust emissions and ambient particles were also analyzed. This study improves the ability of single particle mass spectrometry technology to detect PAHs and nitro-PAHs, and HP-SPAMS was superior to SPAMS for detecting single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs. This study provides support for subsequent ambient observations to identify the characteristic spectrum of single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 7
·1184-1192
·
IF 2.688
Yaqin Gao,Yan Lyu,Xiang Li
The present study was conducted to examine the potential mechanisms responsible for the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivatives (o-PAHs) in size fractionated particles and their environmental implications. Size-fractionated atmospheric particles were collected at urban Shanghai, China and analyzed for 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The concentrations of particle-bound ∑6o-PAHs (sum of 6 o-PAH congeners, 19.1 ± 4.5 ng m−3) were significantly higher than those of ∑5PAHs (sum of 5 PAHs, 9.5 ± 1.9 ng m−3). The size-fractionated distributions of airborne ∑5PAHs and ∑6o-PAHs displayed bimodal peaks at 0.7–1.1 and 9.0–10.0 μm. Emission sources and volatility were important factors influencing the size distribution of particle-bound 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The dry deposition fluxes of particle-bound 6 o-PAHs estimated from the measured data (3087 ± 467 ng m−2 d−1) were approximately 2 times higher than those of PAHs (1531 ± 344 ng m−2 d−1), with a total deposition flux of 4618 ± 743 ng m−2 d−1. The relative contributions of particles to dry deposition were also size-dependent, e.g., coarse (aerodynamic diameters (Dp) > 2.1 μm) particles dominated the dry deposition fluxes of PAHs and o-PAHs. These results highlight the significance of providing a comprehensive understanding of particle size distribution of PAHs and o-PAHs and their implication for dry deposition in China.
研究领域:
环境科学
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大气化学
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污染研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2023
·Vol. 20
·期 2
·1393
·
IF 4.614
Zihan Li,Mengqi Yang,Xuetong Shen,Hongtao Zhu,Baohui Li
Covalent organic framework (COF)-TpBD was grafted on the arrayed nanopores of stainless steel fiber (SSF) with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane as the cross-linking agent. The prepared SSF bonded with COF-TpBD showed high thermal and chemical stability and excellent repeatability. The prepared SSF bonded with COF-TpBD was also used for the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of seven kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in actual water samples, followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) determination, which exhibited low limits of detection (LODs), good relative standard deviation (RSD) and high recoveries.Keywords:solid-phase microextraction;COF-TpBD;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Xu Zhao,Fuxin Yang,Zhenghong Li,Houzhang Tan
The emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) poses a significant risk to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the formation characteristics of PAHs during the coal and biomass utilization. The formation of PAHs is primarily attributed to the incomplete combustion of fuels. In this work, the organic components of raw bituminous coal (BC), wheat straw (WS), and corn straw (CS) were analyzed and the formation characteristics of PAHs were explored using a fixed-bed pyrolysis system. The emission characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and PAHs were investigated in a drop-tube furnace. The results indicate that BC contains a higher proportion of aliphatic hydrocarbons, and the oxygen-containing functional groups of WS and CS are more complex. The content of PAHs in the extracts of raw BC, WS, and CS is 24.16 µg/g, 0.39 µg/g, and 0.41 µg/g, respectively. During the pyrolysis, the PAHs formation characteristics of coal are comparable to biomass. The content of PAHs in pyrolysis gas is significantly higher than that in the char. With the increase of temperature, the PAHs content in pyrolysis gas increases and then decreases, reaching a maximum value at 1000℃. At the low temperatures, the primary source of PAHs is the decomposition of the organic component of fuels. At the high temperatures, the rupture of the basic backbone and the condensation polymerization reaction are the important factors influencing PAHs emissions. The maximum PAHs emissions of BC, WS and CS are 4196.94 µg/g, 4426.78 µg/g, and 5479.50 µg/g, respectively. During the combustion, with the increase of oxygen content, the emissions of PM and PAHs gradually decrease. The proportion of low-ring PAHs increases, while the proportion of high-ring PAHs decreases. Furthermore, PM 1-2.5 accounts for 52.34–84.37 % of total PM emissions. PAHs are more easily enriched in these fine particles with the proportion of 53.71–71.09 % of the total PAHs emissions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 21
·7292
·
IF 4.927
Jiangwei Zhang,Fei Yu,Xi Ke,He Yu,Peiyuan Guo,Lei Du,Menglong Zhang,Dongxiang Luo
Conversion of hazardous compounds to value-added chemicals using clean energy possesses massive industrial interest. This applies especially to the hazardous compounds that are frequently released in daily life. In this work, a S-scheme photocatalyst is optimized by rational loading of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) during the synthetic process. As a bridge, the presence of CQDs between TiO2and CdIn2S4improves the electron extraction from TiO2and supports the charge transport in S-scheme. Thanks to this, the TiO2/CQDs/CdIn2S4presents outstanding photoactivity in converting the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released by cigarette to value-added benzaldehyde. The optimized photocatalyst performs 87.79% conversion rate and 72.76% selectivity in 1 h reaction under a simulated solar source, as confirmed by FT-IR and GC-MS. A combination of experiments and theoretical calculations are conducted to demonstrate the role of CQDs in TiO2/CQDs/CdIn2S4toward photocatalysis.Keywords:carbon quantum dots;photocatalysis;degradation;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Lilin Fang,Peng Cui,Dongni Liu,Xiaosi Sun,Hao Ren,Hanyu Zhang,Yan Huang,Wenshuai Zhu,Zhichang Liu
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are serious organic contaminants that are produced naturally and anthropogenically. The separation of PAHs by adsorption approach provides an efficient method to avoid the negative effects of PAHs pollution. In this study, cyclodextrin (CD) was grafted to chitosan (CS) by using glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent to construct shaped CD-CS polymers and carbonization was executed subsequently. The carbonized β-CD-CS-1000 exhibited a significant increasement of BET surface area (CD-CS polymer: 1 m 2 ·g −1 ; β-CD-CS-1000: 1083 m 2 ·g −1 ) and great PAHs adsorption performance (anthracene: 106.34 mg/g; acenaphthylene: 41.02 mg/g). The adsorption kinetic behavior and the equilibrium adsorption process were further explored. β-CD-CS-1000 showed good cyclic adsorption capacity and anti-interference stability with the xylenes as interferon. Furthermore, the adsorbents based CD-CS can be synthesized at the gram-level in the lab and exhibited great adsorption capacity in real diesel. The large-scale preparation of shaped CD-CS adsorbents made it possible to be applied to the petrochemical industry.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2021
·
IF 8.071
Jiahui Zhu,Shiqi Liu,Yu Shen,Jia Wang,Huiqian Wang,Xinhua Zhan
Microplastics wildly occur in soil and they can become the carriers of persistent contaminants. However, the influence of microplastics on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons vertical translocation in the soil system after rainfall is limitedly understood. Here, experiments were conducted to study the influence of polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics on the leaching behavior and bioavailability of phenanthrene (Phe). The adsorption capacity of phenanthrene on the microplastics followed the order of PS > PE > PVC . The Phe concentrations in the top soil layer after 15 days of leaching with water were 30.25, 28.32 and 27.25 mg kg −1 for the treatments of Phe-PS, Phe-PE and Phe-PVC respectively, which is consistent with the adsorption capacities of microplastics. The concentrations of Phe were correlated with the microplastic adsorption capacities at soil depths of 5–45 cm. Under long-term leaching, Phe could reach the deeper soil layer. Phe concentrations significantly decreased in the leachate over time. Phe concentrations in wheat had a positive correlation with that in leachate/leached top soil layer. Our findings are beneficial to accurately evaluate the ecological risk of the combined contamination of PAHs and microplastics, and improve the understanding of the environmental behaviors of different microplastics.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生态学
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·Vol. 187
·期 7
·1-10
·
IF 6.232
Zhang Xue,Shen Yan-Feng,Li Xin-Xin,Yang Jin-Rong,Liu Zhao-Sheng,Huang Yan-Ping
An organic-inorganic hybrid monolithic column doped with gold nanorods (AuNRs) was prepared and evaluated for solid phase extraction (SPE) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Excellent dispersibility of AuNRs in binary green porogen system consisting of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was confirmed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The particle size of the resulting AuNRs (70–90 nm) was thoroughly examined by a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The redox system including ammonium persulfate (APS) and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) was used to initiate in situ polymerization at 4 °C to prepare the hybrid monolith. The mesoporous structure of the AuNR hybrid monoliths was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption. With enrichment factors (EFs) of 150- to 292-fold, the developed method was successfully applied to the determination of 10 PAHs in wastewater samples. The recoveries at a spiked level were in the range 84.9 to 99.5% with limit of detections (LODs) and relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.02 to 0.10 μg L −1 and 1.5 to 4.2%, respectively. The correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) for the calibration function obtained were better 0.9991 for the target compounds. Compared to the AuNR-free monolith, the extraction efficiency of the AuNR-incorporated monolith is more than two times higher. The results indicated that the doping of AuNRs is an effective approach to obtain the hybrid monolithic column with good separation ability for PAHs.
Graphical abstract
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
·
2011
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·597-604
·
IF 1.81
Jie Fu,Yan-Hua Ding,Luo Li,Sheng Sheng,Teng Wen,Lu-Ji Yu,Wu Chen,Shu-Qing An,Hai-Liang Zhu
The distribution, source, ecological risk and ecotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of sediments from 7 sampling sites, named as Xinyang (XY), Huainan (HN), Bengbu (BB), Xuyi (XuY), Fuyang (FY), Mengcheng (MC) and Zhengzhou (ZZ), in the Huaihe River basin, China, have been investigated. The total concentrations of 16 USEPA priority PAHs ranged from 62.9 to 2232.4 ng g−1 dry weight (d.w.) with a mean concentration of 1056.8 ng g−1d.w. Through the assessment of ecological risk, we found that the levels of PAHs in the Huaihe River should not exert adverse biological effects. The total benzo[a]pyrene toxicity equivalent (TEQ) values calculated for samples varied from 0.01 to 194.1 ng g−1d.w., with an average of 65.9 ng g−1. The toxicity data were accordant with the chemical analysis results in this study. HN, BB and ZZ showed the greatest pollution extent both in the chemical analysis and the study of ecotoxicological effects.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）