SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2023
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IF 9.8
Huicheng Zhu,Na Zheng,Changcheng Chen,Ning Li,Qirui An,Wenhui Zhang,Qiuyan Lin,Zhifei Xiu,Siyu Sun,Xiaoqian Li,Yunyang Li,Sujing Wang
The endocrine disruptor phthalates (PAEs) are widely used as important chemical additives in a variety of areas around the globe. PAEs are toxic to reproduction and development and may adversely affect the health of adolescents. Risk assessments of exposure to PAEs from different sources are more reflective of actual exposure than single-source assessments. We used personal exposure parameters to estimate the dose of PAEs to 107 university students from six media (including dormitory dust, dormitory air, clothing, food, disposable food containers, and personal care products (PCPs)) and three exposure routes (including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption). Individual factors and lifestyles may affect PAE exposure to varying degrees. Based on a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, the results indicated that the main sources of PAEs in dust were indoor building materials and plastics, while PCPs and adhesives were the major sources of airborne PAEs. The relative contribution of each source to PAE exposure showed that food and air were the primary sources of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Air source contributed the most to diethyl phthalate (DEP) exposure, followed by PCPs. Food was the most significant source of diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure. Additionally, the exposure of DEHP to dust was not negligible. The ingestion pathway was the most dominant among the three exposure pathways, followed by dermal absorption. The non-carcinogenic risk of PAEs from the six sources was within acceptable limits. DEHP exhibits a low carcinogenic risk. We suggest university students maintain good hygienic and living habits to minimize exposure to PAEs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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公共卫生
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BMC Ophthalmology
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2018
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·1-11
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IF 1.77
Li Shanshan,He Jiangnan,Chen Qiuying,Zhu Jianfeng,Zou Haidong,Xu Xun
Background Our study aimed to investigate the ocular surface health of Shanghai University students. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out among freshmen and sophomores on the main campus of Shanghai University. Questionnaires including the widely-used ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were completed first, and then ocular examinations were conducted regarding height & weight, blood pressure and heart rate, optometry, intraocular pressure exam, vision and subjective refraction, Aladdin, Macular pigment density measurement, tear test, anterior segment examination, fundus photography, ophthalmologist check, TOPCON OCT check, and Collin’s fundus blood test. Results Totally 901 students were involved in our five-day study. The prevalence of myopia was 92% (the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) < − 0.50 D), and that of high myopia was 23% (SER < − 6.0D). The prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) was 10%. The corneal epithelial loss rate (corneal fluorescein staining > 1) was 10%, and corneal sensation decline rate (≤ 30 mm) was 12%. 4.5% of subjects ( n = 40) had moderate or severe anxiety, 78% were mild and a small portion (17.5%) didn’t have anxiety at all. No statistical significant association was found between anxiety with DED, fluorescein staining or with corneal sensation (all p > 0.05). However, subjects with DED had more symptoms of anxiety. Results also showed that students who kept eye strain for a long time were more inclined to have DED (12.5%: 6.9%, p = 0.0407, 95% CI); those who watched mobile phones and/or computers for over eight hours daily were more vulnerable to DED and fluorescein staining than others (14.1%: 8.6%, p = 0.0129; 13.0%: 8.3%, p = 0.0233, 95% CI). Conclusions Keeping eye strain or near work for a long time is associated with DED, while students with DED tend to encounter anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of myopia in Chinese university students is still high. We consider it necessary to provide education to university students about the good eye-using habits, and to diagnose anxiety for student patients with DED.
研究领域:
眼科学
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公共卫生
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流行病学
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视觉科学
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心理卫生
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屈光医学
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DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Advances
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2025
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IF 4.4
Meng Hu,Jingjing Song,Xiangru Yi,Ziwei Yuan,Chang Wang,Rui Gao,Hongyan Zou,Hongmei Zhang,Chenshan Lv,Haiyan Cui,Tao Wang,Chao Zhang,Zhiwen Wei,Keming Yun,Chang-Er Chen
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are widespread in the environment and pose notable health risks, yet their exposure levels among specific groups, such as college students, are underexplored. This study investigated the occurrence of ECs in human urine through suspect screening (537 ECs) and target analysis (50 prioritized ECs), alongside a human health risk assessment. An optimized Solid-Phase Extraction method was compared with Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Supported-Liquid Extraction and was coupled with LC-TQMS analysis. This method demonstrated high reliability (r = 0.997), precision (0.05–14.7%), recoveries (52.6–113%) and sensitivity (LOD: 0.05–5.00 ng/mL). Urine samples were collected twice from 43 freshmen and once from 33 seniors (other grades students), with accompanying questionnaires assessing their living environments and lifestyle habits. Eleven ECs were detected, with Atrazine exhibiting a 100% detection frequency. Significant variations were observed in the urinary concentrations of 2,4-Dinitrophenol, Ethylparaben, Metformin, and Mycophenolic Acid between freshmen and seniors, suggesting differences in exposure patterns influenced by living environments and personal habits. Statistical analyses identified correlations between EC exposure and personal care product use, with Monobenzyl Phthalate being a notable example. Health risk assessments indicated low overall risks but revealed higher hazard quotient (HQ) values for Atrazine, 2,4-Dinitrophenol, and Mycophenolic Acid, warranting further investigation. This study successfully developed a high-throughput as well as sensitive LC/MS method by integrating suspect screening with target analysis. It also provided a preliminary evaluation of EC exposure in a young student population through urine analysis, offering valuable insights for future research on environmental exposure and associated health risks.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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公共卫生
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毒理学
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药物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
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