Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 24
·4053
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IF 4.7
Xiaoqing Yin,Shanshan Wang,Zhirong Wang,Huaying Wen,Ting Bai,Yuhong Zhang
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important neurotransmitter that promotes sleep and reduces anxiety, but its natural synthesis in the body is insufficient, necessitating dietary intake. This study utilized a combination of germination, the addition of active barley powder, and fermentation to enhance GABA content in an enzymatically hydrolyzed highland barley beverage. The samples were divided into five groups: highland barley (HB), germinated highland barley (GB), highland barley supplemented with another high-glutamic-acid decarboxylase-active highland barley powder TB13 (BT), germinated barley supplemented with TB13 (GBT), and germinated barley supplemented with TB13 followed by fermentation (GBTF). The results indicated that all the pretreatments significantly elevated GABA levels, with the GBT sample showing the highest GABA content, which was 2.4 times that of the HB sample. Germination had minimal impact on the taste and aroma of the beverage, while the addition of TB13 active barley powder caused only slight changes to the aroma. The GABA content in the GBTF sample was 2.2 times higher than in the HB sample, and the GBTF sample also exhibited the highest total phenolic content, demonstrating the strongest antioxidant and free-radical scavenging abilities. Furthermore, the GBTF treatment increased acidity, reduced bitterness, and significantly altered the flavor profile of the barley beverage, enhancing its overall quality and consumer appeal as a GABA-rich functional drink.
研究领域:
食品科学
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营养学
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生物化学
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饮料技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Linheng Chen,Weixi Liu,Yang Wu,Jumei Li,Yibing Ma
There is uncertainty in quantifying the toxic effects of total chromium (Cr) in the environment by modeling the toxicity of individual Cr(III) or Cr(VI). In the present study, the effects of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on barley root elongation were investigated in a hydroponic system where Cr(III) and Cr(VI) combination dose-response experiments under monotoxicity concentration, single-dose addition, and fixed concentration ratios were designed to identify and quantify their combined phytotoxicity of one element with various valences. The results show that the calculated mixed toxicity unit values for 50% inhibition (TU mix50 ) ranged from 1.06 to 1.45, indicating the weak antagonism effects of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on barley root toxicity. Also, the single-dose group experiment has proved that the EC 50 of Cr(VI) was increased from 71.2 μM to 119.9 μM with Cr(III) addition, which suggested that Cr(III) has antagonism on the toxicity of Cr(VI). While EC 50 of Cr(III) was not affected by Cr(VI) addition. After introducing the expansion coefficient of Cr(III) on Cr(VI) toxicity, both the extended concentration addition model (e-CA) based on the log-logistic and Weibull equations and the extended independent action model (e-IA) could more accurately predict the barley root elongation under Cr(III) and Cr(VI) interaction. The e-CA model based on the Weibull equation had almost the best correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and lowest root mean square error (RMSE) between the measured and predicted values. Finally, the combined toxicity and antagonism of the same element with co-existing different valences simultaneously were successfully and firstly identified and quantified in the present study.
研究领域:
植物学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Applied Sciences-Basel
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 9
·1481
·
IF 1.689
Yao Ren,Haoyu Xie,Li Liu,Dongying Jia,Kai Yao,Yuanlong Chi
β-glucan extract (GE) was obtained from highland barley bran using alkaline–acid–alcohol extraction method. The stability, solubility, foaming ability, and prebiotics characteristics of GE were assessed consecutively. GE demonstrated excellent heat stability (hardly degraded at 220 °C) and pH stability, especially at neutral or alkaline condition, and its solubility was significantly influenced by temperature instead of pH or NaCl, achieving 0.91 g/100 g at 100 °C. Good foaming ability and foam stability of GE were observed during low temperatures (≤40 °C), neutral or alkaline condition. GE indicated a strong anti-digestibility capacity of resisting the hydrolysis of α-amylase and simulated human gastric acid. Interestingly, GE could effectively promote the growth ofLactobacillus bulgaricusandBifidobacterium adolescentis, which was close to fructooligosaccharide. The results of this study could offer valuable information for the application of β-glucan from highland barley as prebiotics in promoting human intestinal health metabolism.Keywords:β-glucan;highland barley;processing characteristics;prebiotics
研究领域:
食品科学
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营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Heliyon
·
2024
·
IF 3.4
Yihang Yue,Xiaoju Yue,Xiaofeng Tang,Lin Han,Jinnong Wang,Shifeng Wang,Chun Du
The discharge of organic pollutants by the textile and dyeing industries presents an escalating threat to aquatic environments, necessitating the development of effective remediation strategies. This study introduces the utilization of graphite-like structured activated carbon (AC), derived from highland barley straw—a biomass unique to the Plateau regions of China, including Tibet, Qinghai, and Gansu—as a support material for the TiO 2 catalyst. TiO 2 /AC composites with different TiO 2 loadings were synthesized by ultrasonic impregnation. The TiO 2 /AC composites were found to be polycrystalline materials composed of anatase and rutile phases. The TiO 2 nanoparticles are well-dispersed over the surface of the AC. The photocatalytic activity of these composites was evaluated through their capacity to degrade a methylene blue (MB) solution upon irradiation. It was observed that the inclusion of TiO 2 increases the number of adsorption sites and active sites for methylene blue, with the photocatalytic activity being notably higher at a 3-wt% TiO 2 loading, achieving a remarkable 99.6 % degradation efficiency for 100 mg/L MB within 100 min. The experimental kinetic data for the photocatalytic process follow the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Furthermore, TiO 2 /AC retains high photocatalytic activity after five reaction cycles. This research provides valuable insights into the application of biomass-derived materials for the purification of water, offering a sustainable solution to both pollution and agricultural waste challenges in Plateau areas of China.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Fanrong Zeng,Muhammad Mudassir Nazir,Temoor Ahmed,Muhammad Noman,Shafaqat Ali,Muhammad Rizwan,Mohammad Shah Alam,Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba,Guoping Zhang
Arsenic contamination in agricultural soils has posed tremendous threat to sustainable crop production and human health via food chain. Calcium and Glutamate have been well-documented in metal(loid)s detoxification, but it is poorly understood how they regulate arsenic-induced toxicity to plants. In this study, the effect of glutamate and calcium at high concentration on arsenic toxicity and accumulation in barley seedling was accessed in terms of plant growth, photosynthetic efficacy, arsenic uptake, translocation and accumulation, antioxidant defense, nutrient uptake and the expression of As transporters. Our results have demonstrated that calcium could effectively ameliorate arsenic toxicity to barley seedlings, which is mainly attributed to its beneficial effect on increasing nutrient uptake, reducing the aboveground arsenic accumulation and enhancing antioxidative defense capacity. However, it is unexpected that glutamate considerably exacerbated the arsenic toxicity to barley seedlings. More importantly, for the first time, glutamate was observed to tremendously facilitate the root-to-shoot translocation of arsenic by 41.8- to 60.8-fold, leading to 90% of the total amount of As accumulating in barley shoots. The reason of this phenomenon can be well explained by the glutamate-triggered enormous upregulation of genes involved in arsenic uptake ( HvPHT1;1 , HvPHR2 and HvNIP3;2 ), reduction ( HvHAC1;1 ), translocation ( HvABCC7 , HvNIP1;1 and HvNIP3;3 ) and intracellular sequestration ( HvABCC1 ). These findings suggest that calcium and glutamate function as the opposite player in managing arsenic, with calcium being an effective alleviator of arsenic stress to ensure the safe production of crops; while glutamate being a highly efficient phytoextraction agent for phytoremediation of arsenate-contaminated soils.
研究领域:
植物学
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环境科学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 11
·2711
·
IF 3.3
Wessam A. Abdelrady,Elsayed E. Elshawy,Hassan A. Abdelrahman,Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri,Zakir Ibrahim,Mohamed Mansour,Ibrahim S. El-Degwy,Taha Ghazy,Aziza A. Aboulila,Imran Haider Shamsi
Climate change significantly threatens crops, mainly through drought stress, affecting barley, which is essential for food and feed globally. Ten barley cultivars were evaluated under normal and drought stress conditions during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons, focusing on traits such as days to heading and maturity, plant height, number of spikes m−2, spike length, 1000-kernel weight, and biological and grain yield. Drought stress significantly reduced most of these traits. The genotypes showed significant differences in their responses to irrigation treatments, with the interaction between seasons and cultivars also being significant for most traits. The grain yield and 1000-kernel weight were among the least affected traits under drought stress, respectively. Notably, Giza138 and Giza126 showed strong drought tolerance, suitable for drought-resilient breeding. In season one, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 yielded 13%, 9%, and 11%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 showed higher reductions at 31% and 39%. In season two, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 had reductions of 14%, 10%, and 13%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 again exhibited higher reductions at 31% and 38%. These cultivars also showed strong performance across various stress tolerance indices, including the MP, YSI, STI, GMP, and YI. Giza 134 demonstrated the lowest values for the SDI and TOL, indicating superior drought stress tolerance. On the other hand, Giza 129 and Giza 135 were the most sensitive to drought stress, experiencing significant reductions across critical traits, including 6.1% in days to heading, 18.37% in plant height, 28.21% in number of kernel spikes−1, 38.45% in grain yield, and 34.91% in biological yield. In contrast, Giza 138 and Giza 2000 showed better resilience, with lower reductions in the 1000-kernel weight (6.41%) and grain yield (10.61%), making them more suitable for drought-prone conditions. Giza 126 and Giza 132 also exhibited lower sensitivity, with minimal reductions in days to heading (2%) and maturity (2.4%), suggesting potential adaptability to water-limited environments. Giza 126 maintained the highest root lengths and had the highest stomatal conductance. Giza 138 consistently had the highest chlorophyll content, with SPAD values decreasing to 79% under drought. Despite leading in shoot length, Giza 135 decreased to 42.59% under drought stress. In conclusion, Giza 126 and Giza 138 showed adaptability to water-limited conditions with minimal impact on phenological traits. Giza 126 had the longest roots and highest stomatal conductance, while Giza 138 consistently maintained a high chlorophyll content. Together, they and Giza 134 are valuable for breeding programs to improve barley drought tolerance.
研究领域:
作物科学
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植物生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2019
·Vol. 20
·期 17
·4111
·
IF 4.183
Kangfeng Cai,Huaizhou Gao,Xiaojian Wu,Shuo Zhang,Zhigang Han,Xiaohui Chen,Guoping Zhang,Fanrong Zeng
In this work, the effect of drought on K+uptake in root and its translocation from root to shoot was investigated using six barley genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. Results showed that drought conditions caused significant changes in K+uptake and translocation in a time- and genotype-specific manner, which consequently resulted in a significant difference in tissue K+contents and drought tolerance levels between the contrasting barley genotypes. The role of K+transporters and channels and plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase in barley’s adaptive response to drought stress was further investigated at the transcript level. The expression of genes conferring K+uptake (HvHAK1,HvHAK5,HvKUP1,HvKUP2andHvAKT1) and xylem loading (HvSKOR) in roots were all affected by drought stress in a time- and genotype-specific manner, indicating that the regulation of these K+transporters and channels is critical for root K+uptake and root to shoot K+translocation in barley under drought stress. Furthermore, the barley genotypes showed a strong correlation between H+efflux and K+influx under drought stress, which was further confirmed by the significant up-regulation ofHvHA1andHvHA2. These results suggested an important role of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and/or expression in regulating the activity of K+transporters and channels under drought stress. Taken together, it may be concluded that the genotypic difference in drought stress tolerance in barley is conferred by the difference in the ability to regulate K+transporters and channels in root epidermis and stele.Keywords:drought tolerance;ion flux;transmembrane K+transport;plasma membrane H+-ATPase;barley
研究领域:
植物生理学
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分子生物学
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农学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2021
·
IF 6.953
Yao Li,Maolan You,Haibo Liu,Xiong Liu
Highland barley grains were roller-milled to produce five different fractions (B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, and B-5). The distribution and physicochemical properties of β-glucans from five roller-milled fractions were investigated. The B-4 fraction contained the highest concentration of β-glucan (4.40%), and the outermost bran (B-1) had the lowest β-glucan content (1.01%). Besides, β-glucans from inner core B-5 (BG-5) had higher M w (6.482 × 10 5 g/mol), whereas β-glucans from outer bran B-1 (BG-1) showed lower M w (5.859 × 10 4 g/mol) than those from other fractions. Accordingly, the viscosity of BG-5 was highest (0.038-0.365 Pa·s), and the water solubility index of BG-1 was highest (50.43–90.71%). BG-5 showed stronger foam stability and emulsifying properties but weaker foaming capability, while BG-1 exhibited stronger foaming capability. The foaming capability and emulsifying properties of β-glucan samples were better under the neutral condition (pH = 7). The foam capabilities of all β-glucan samples displayed higher values at 65 °C, and emulsifying properties exhibited higher values at 45 °C. This study is expected to promote the application of highland barley β-glucans in food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2020
·
IF 4.402
Cai Kangfeng,Chen Xiaohui,Han Zhigang,Wu Xiaojian,Zhang Shuo,Li Qi,Nazir Muhammad Mudassir,Zhang Guoping,Zeng Fanrong
Drought is a devastating environmental constraint affecting the agronomic production of barley. To facilitate the breeding process, abundant germplasm resources and reliable evaluation systems to identify the true drought-tolerant barley genotypes are needed. In this study, 237 cultivated and 190 wild barley genotypes, originating from 28 countries, were screened for drought tolerance under the conditions of both water deficit and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought at seedling stage. Drought stress significantly reduced the plant growth of all barley genotypes, but no significant difference in drought-induced reduction in the performance of barley seedlings was observed under these two drought conditions. Both cultivated and wild barley subspecies displayed considerable genotypic variability in drought tolerance, which underpinned the identification of 18 genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. A comparative analysis of drought effects on biomass, water relation, photosynthesis, and osmotic adjustment was undertaken using these contrasting barley genotypes, in order to verify the reliability of the screening and to obtain the credible traits as screening criteria of drought tolerance in barley. As expected, the selected drought-tolerant genotypes showed much less reduction in shoot biomass than drought-sensitive ones under water deficit, which was significantly positively correlated with the results of large-scale screening, confirming the reliability of the screening for drought tolerance under two drought conditions in this study. Likewise, the traits of water relation, photosynthetic activity, and osmotic adjustment differed greatly between the contrasting genotypes under water deficit stress, and they were highly correlated to the growth of barley seedlings, suggesting the potential of them to be the selection criteria for drought tolerance. The analysis of the variable importance of these traits in drought tolerance indicated that sap osmolality and relative water content in the youngest fully-expanded leaf are the suitable selection criteria of screening for drought tolerance in barley at seedling stage.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农学
·
遗传学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Ting Liang,Cuntao Lu,Maofang Zhao,Xiaoying Cao,Jingwen Hao,Xinyue Zhang,Hailan Fu,Qinghe Cao,Ludan Li,Jihong Jiang
Wound infections are a growing public health issue, worsened by drug-resistant strains. Quercetin (Que) has shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, but its limited bioavailability hinders therapeutic use. This study introduces a multifunctional self-assembly nanoplatform, QHCNPs, encapsulating quercetin with hordein/chitosan to enhance stability and bioavailability. Transmission electron microscopy and particle size analysis revealed that QHCNPs are spherical structures with a diameter of 435.5 ± 2.9 nm and a Zeta potential of +11.0 mV. QHCNPs demonstrated excellent stability, low cytotoxicity, and MIC values of 512 ppm against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and 256 ppm against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) . In a bacterial wound model, QHCNPs outperformed quercetin alone by accelerating wound healing, eliminating bacteria, reducing inflammatory markers, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and promoting collagen and blood vessel regeneration. These results establish QHCNPs as a promising non-antibiotic therapy for treating drug-resistant wound infections, supporting further exploration for clinical applications.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物材料学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies
·
2023
·
IF 2.3
Yue Yihang,Yu Zexu,Yue Xiaoju,Zhou Wenkai,Wang Saiyu,Yang Yanxi,Lao Youliang,Yang Mengdi,Du Chun,Wang Shifeng
Biomass activated carbon has been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment because of its unique properties, such as high specific surface area and porosity, good adsorption capacity, good mechanical strength, rich functional groups and thermal stability. In this work, highland barley straw is recycled and made into activated carbon using hydrothermal carbonization and alkaline activation processes in which the dependence of the product properties on the activation temperature, as one of the critical parameters, is intensively investigated. Under the optimum conditions at an activation temperature of 1100 °C, activated carbon in the form of mesoporous structure and polycrystalline graphite was produced with a specific surface area as large as 1906 m2/g, which is superior to that of commercial products. To investigate the absorption capacity of the prepared samples for pollutants in water, such as heavy metals and organics, potassium dichromate and methylene blue were utilized as the simulated pollutants. The removal efficiency of Cr6+ and methylene blue in water reached 90.3 % within eight hours and 87.7 % within four hours, respectively, and this demonstrated an excellent absorption capacity for activated carbon converted from agricultural waste. Th e successful fabrication of activated carbon with a super large specific surface area and remarkable adsorption ability derived from highland barley straw through a hydrothermal carbonization and alkaline treatment demonstrated the feasibility of the “turning waste into wealth” recycling strategy. It has also shown great potential for use in environmental protection applications, especially for water purification.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Lu Liu,Jingwen Xu,Ge Zhang,Nisi Gao,Xuebing Xu,Renyong Zhao
Effects of ultrafine grinding on the nutritional profile, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant activities of whole-grain highland barley (HB) including white highland barley (WHB) and black highland barley (BHB) were studied. Whole-grain HB was regularly ground and sieved through 80 mesh get 80 M powder, and HB was ultrafine grounded and sieved through 80 mesh, 150 mesh, and 200 mesh get 80UMM, 150UMM, and 200UMM samples. Particle size of WHB and BHB reduced significantly after ultrafine grinding. As the particle size decreased, moisture content of WHB and BHB decreased significantly, whereas fat content increased significantly. Redistribution of fiber components in WHB and BHB from insoluble to soluble fractions was also observed. Wherein, content of soluble pentosan of WHB and BHB increased significantly from 0.56% and 0.78% (80 M) to 0.91% and 1.14% (200UMM), respectively. Damaged starch of WHB and BHB increased significantly from 8.16% and 8.21% (80 M) to 10.29% and 10.07% (200UMM), respectively. Content of phenolic acid and flavonoid of WHB and BHB and associated antioxidant capacity were increased after ultrafine grinding. Color of L * value increased significantly, a * and b * values decreased significantly, indicating the whiteness of WHB and BHB was increased after ultrafine grinding. Pasting temperature of WHB and BHB decreased, whereas peak viscosity increased. X-ray diffraction patterns of HB showed typical A- and V-style polymorphs and the relative crystallinity of HB decreased as the particle size decreased. Taken together, ultrafine grinding has shown great potential in improving the nutritional, physiochemical, and antioxidant properties of whole-grain HB. Our research findings could help better understand the ultrafine grinded whole grain HB in food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）