Jiaqi Liu,Zhaohui Lian,Jianping Wu,Xiaoyu Wu,Junshan Yang,Juna Yang,Dailin Cao,Meiyu Liu
As the world's largest egg producer, China faces challenges in egg brand development by indistinct quality characteristics. This study employed untargeted and targeted metabolomics to systematically analyze 239 differentialy abundant metabolites (VIP >1, P <0.05) in breed Rongde Xiaoheiji albumen (RDA) and indigenous Taihangji albumen (THA). L-valine was identified as the most significant differential marker between breeds. Key differential metabolic pathways involved biosynthesis of amino acids and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism. Targeted quantification revealed significantly lower levels of valine, leucine, and phenylalanine in RDA compared to THA, strongly correlated with isocitrate downregulation in amino acid biosynthesis. Metabolic profiling differences indicate that RDA exhibits potential superior advantages in antitumor functions, cognitive support, intestinal protection, and anti-inflammatory properties, while THA shows potential benefits in muscle protein synthesis, post-exercise recovery, neurotransmitter balance maintenance, and energy metabolism efficiency. This research provides novel perspectives for establishing metabolomic feature-based egg quality evaluation systems.
Jianting Gao,Yingsai Fan,Chenyue Lu,Xinghua Zhao,Xin He
ABSTRACT Baicalein ( BAI ) is a natural flavonoid with antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial properties. However, the bioavailability of BAI was limited due to low solubility. This study aims to improve the solubility of BAI through the amorphous solid dispersion ( ASD ) and evaluate changes in its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Taihang chickens. Polyethylene caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol grafted copolymer ( Soluplus ) was chosen as the carrier, and ASD was prepared by rotary evaporation and was characterized by powder X-ray diffractions ( PXRD ), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC ) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR ). In vitro dissolution assays were used to screen the optimal ratio of drug to carrier, in vivo pharmacokinetic assays were conducted to investigate the promoting effect on the absorption. In addition, the effects of ASD on the growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and intestinal flora were investigated. ASD (1:9 and 2:8) did not exhibit crystal diffraction peaks of BAI in PXRD or endothermic peaks in DSC, indicating the successful preparation of ASD. The results of in vitro dissolution assay showed that the cumulative dissolution rate of ASD (2:8) within 600 min was 52.67%, which was 7.84-fold higher than BAI. The pharmacokinetic results showed that the peak concentration ( C max ) and the area under the drug-time curve ( AUC 0∼24 ) of ASD (2:8) was (5.20 ± 0.82) μg/mL and (17.03 ± 0.67) μg·h/mL, which was 1.91 and 2.64-fold higher than BAI, respectively. Dietary supplementation of BAI and ASD could increase average daily gain ( ADG ), while decrease feed conversion ratio ( FCR ), but there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05). The drip loss of BAIASD group was lower than BAI group ( P < 0.05). In addition, the antioxidant capacity of Taihang chickens were enhanced, the diversity and the abundance of beneficial bacteria was improved. Results of BAI upon the dietary supplementation tested in Taihang chickens, after preparation of ASD, indicating a superior enhancement effect in growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and intestinal flora due to an improved solubility and optimized bioavailability.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）