Animal Nutrition
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Jing Zhang,Jiaojiao Lang,Lijun Bu,Yapeng Liu,Wenjie Huo,Caixia Pei,Qiang Liu
Arginine (Arg) can potentially increase milk yields in early lactating dairy cows by stimulating the development of mammary gland and the biosynthesis of milk proteins and fatty acids (FA); however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The hypothesis was detected that rumen-protected Arg (RPArg) addition would increase the yields of milk, milk fat, and milk protein and aimed to elucidate the possible mechanism. Forty-eight multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows (milk yield 34.9 ± 1.27 kg/d, body weight 658 ± 12.7 kg, and days in lactation [DIL] 16.4 ± 2.56) were selected on the principle of proximity and blocked by DIL and milk yield, and divided into one of four groups in a randomized block design: control (without RPArg), low RPArg (LRPArg, 20 g/d Arg), medium RPArg (MRPArg, 40 g/d Arg), and high RPArg (HRPArg, 60 g/d Arg), 4 replicates per group and 3 cows per replicate the experiment duration was 95 days, including a 10-day covariate period, a 15-day adaptation period, and a 70-day sampling period. The production of actual milk, energy-corrected milk, fat-corrected milk, milk fat, and milk protein linearly increased ( P < 0.05) with RPArg provision. The yields of de novo FA and mixed FA in the milk linearly increased ( P < 0.01), but that of preformed FA linearly decreased ( P = 0.007). Supplementation with RPArg linearly increased the daily production of Arg, Asp, Cys, Glu, His, Met, Phe, Ser, Thr, and Trp ( P < 0.05). With RPArg provision, serum contents of glucose, albumin, total protein, and nitric oxide linearly increased ( P < 0.05); the levels of estradiol, prolactin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 quadratically increased ( P < 0.01); and that of blood urea nitrogen quadratically decreased ( P = 0.023). Furthermore, supplementation with 40 g/d Arg from RPArg promoted the expression of proteins implicated in mammary gland proliferation, FA synthesis, and milk protein synthesis. Thus, RPArg addition enhanced milk production, FA synthesis, and milk protein synthesis by promoting the expression of proteins involved in mammary gland development, FA synthesis, and milk protein synthesis.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 3.154
Chaohua Tang,Kai Zhang,Tengfei Zhan,Qingyu Zhao,Junmin Zhang
To characterize the metabolic disorders of dairy cows treated with gossypol, 12 dairy cows were assigned to either a control group or a treatment group that was fed 1000 mg of gossypol per kilogram of dry matter feed for 28 days. Milk quality was adversely affected, as both milk protein and lactose levels were significantly decreased in the gossypol-treated group (3.40% vs 3.16%, P = 0.044; 5.15% vs 4.91%, P = 0.027; respectively). Plasma samples revealed increases in alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.092), choline esterase (P = 0.02), and glutathione transferase (P = 0.0005) and decreases in glucose (P = 0.076) in the gossypol-treated group. Mass spectrometry based comparative metabolomic analyses showed reduced concentrations of the gluconeogenesis precursor l-glutamine (P = 0.047), with significant decreases (P < 0.05) in plasma l-lysine, l-threonine, and homoserine levels after gossypol treatment. HDL-C and LDL-C levels in the gossypol-treated group were increased (P = 0.044) and decreased (P = 0.023), respectively. These results demonstrate that gossypol induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity; reduced peripheral lipid metabolism, and enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation; decreased amino acid bioavailability and milk protein synthesis; and decreased gluconeogenesis and milk lactose in dairy cows.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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代谢组学
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兽医学
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DOI
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Kaiyong Yao,Qile Xia,Yan Cao,Bindan Chen,Jie Cai,Chenxing Liu
Yellow wine lees (YWL) are the main byproduct in the yellow wine brewing and can be used as animal feed. The deficiencies in fiber digestibility and amino acid equilibrium of YWL limited its utility value in animal feeding. The nutritional profile of YWL could be moderated after fermentation treatment. We fermented YWL with Candida utilis KF01 and Bacillus subtilis KF02, whose genomes were sequenced. We set three groups in the animal test with 15 Holstein cows : control, YWL, and fermented yellow wine lees (FYWL) group. 206 and 5 amino acid metabolism-related KEGG pathways, as well as 5257 (639 GO and 4618 eggNOG annotations) and 1579 (372 GO and 1207 eggNOG annotations) amino acid metabolism-related gene annotations were found in C. utilis KF01 and B. subtilis KF02. The collected milk samples were analyzed for composition. The contents of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 36.90% relative content), poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, 5.63% relative content), and essential amino acid (EAA, 2.01%) in the FYWL group milk were significantly (P < 0.05) higher. The content of flavor substances in the FYWL group (146.33 ng/mL) was the highest, followed by the control (89.19 ng/mL) and the YWL group (41.36 ng/mL). The principal component analysis (PCA) result presented the intra-group variations in flavor substances and differences in single substance among all groups. Feeding FYWL had significant effects (P < 0.05) in the Holstein cows on the milk composition.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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微生物学
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食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Veterinary Sciences
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 11
·281
·
IF 2.304
Hai Wang,Guanxin Lv,Shuai Lian,Jianfa Wang,Rui Wu
Neutrophils represent the first line of mammary gland defense against invading pathogens by transmigration across the mammary epithelial cell barrier. The effect of trace elements on the migration of bovine neutrophils is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effect of copper (Cu; 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L), zinc (Zn; 1.0, 5.0 and 10 mg/L) and selenium (Se; 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) on the migration of bovine neutrophils by using a Transwell assay. The results showed that Cu, Zn and Se promoted the number of neutrophils in the trans-mammary epithelium. With the increased concentration of Cu at 1.5 mg/L, the number of neutrophils in the trans-mammary epithelium was increased significantly (p< 0.05). Zn (5.0 mg/L) and Se (0.1 mg/L) increased the migrated number of neutrophils (p< 0.01) to an extremely significant degree. These findings provided a theoretical and experimental basis for mammary gland immunity in dairy cows. Thus, we suggest that adding moderate amounts of different trace elements can improve the immune function of dairy cows.Keywords:dairy cow;neutrophil;migration;trace elements
研究领域:
兽医免疫学
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动物营养学
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乳品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
·
2023
·
IF 3.2
Zhang Lei,Shen Hong,Zhang Jiyou,Mao Shengyong
Our objective was to investigate the contribution of the rumen microbiome on the individual milk fat percentage (MFP) of Holstein dairy cows under the same nutritional and management conditions. From 92 early lactation dairy cows, the top 10 with the highest MFP (HF; n = 10) and the last 10 with the lowest MFP (LF; n = 10) were selected for the study. As a result, the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content was significant lower in the HF group than that in the LF group (P < 0.001). The rumen acetate to propionate ratio was significant higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.035). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a minor but significant difference existed between the groups (P = 0.040). Three genera of the family Lachnospiraceae and four genera of the order Bacteroidales were identified to be the biomarkers for the LF group and HF group in the LEfSe analysis, respectively. Three microbial modules enriched by the family Lachnospiraceae were positively related to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (rs > 0.60, P < 0.05). According to the results of shotgun metagenome sequencing, three kinds of linoleic acid (LA) isomerase genes were present in the gene pools of the rumen microbiome. Among them, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium LA isomerase (BBI) was higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.007). Three metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with LA isomerase genes were positively correlated to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (rs> 0.40, P < 0.05). Furthermore, all of these three MAGs were found to be able to produce lactate. Taken together, these results indicate that the increased relative abundance of microbial population with the trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway within the rumen microbiome contributes to the decrease of MFP via the increase of rumen trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 production. This study provides a new perspective for the development of measures for improving the milking performance of dairy cows.
研究领域:
动物科学
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微生物学
·
营养学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
·
2018
·Vol. 156
·期 2
·272-281
·
IF 1.186
Q. Liu,C. Wang,Y. L Zhang,C. X. Pei,S. L Zhang,G. Guo,W. J. Huo,W. Z. Yang
The present study evaluated the effects of isovalerate supplementation on the development of the small intestinal mucosa in dairy calves. Forty-eight Chinese Holstein bull calves at 15 days of age and 45.1 ± 0.36 kg of body weight were assigned randomly to four groups. The treatments were control, low-isovalerate, moderate-isovalerate and high-isovalerate with 0, 3, 6 and 9 g isovalerate per calf per day, respectively. The study comprised 75 days with a 15-day adaptation period followed by a 60-day sampling period. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Six calves were chosen from each treatment at random and slaughtered at 30 and 90 days of age. The small intestine morphology and activities of amylase and trypsin improved significantly with increasing age. No interaction between treatments and age was observed. The small intestine length, mucosa layer thickness, villus height and crypt depth increased linearly with increasing isovalerate supplementation. However, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth was not affected by treatment. Activities of amylase and trypsin increased linearly. The lactase activity increased linearly during the 75-day period and for pre-weaned calves but was unaltered for post-weaned calves. The relative mRNA expressions of growth hormone receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 in the small intestine mucosa increased linearly, and a similar pattern was observed for the expression of peptide transporter-1 in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. The results suggested that small intestine development was promoted by isovalerate in a dose-dependent manner.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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胃肠生理学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Chemistry-X
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Wentao Qian,Xiaobing Wang,Hongliang Li,Yinhua Zhu,Pengjie Wang,Xiaolu Geng,Jinhui Yang,Huiyuan Guo,Menghui Wang,Chong Chen
Introducing Holstein cows on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is a potential solution to enhance local milk production. However, the relationship between milk quality and altitude in China remains unknown. Therefore, the components and plasmin (PL) system of raw milk from different altitudes (sea level, 1600, 2700, and 3800 m) were investigated. The daily milk production of Holstein cows and PL activity decreased as the altitude increased. However, the components content of raw milk, plasminogen (PLG)/PL ratio, activities of PLG and plasmin activator (PA) increased with altitude. The pasteurization resulted a significant decrease in PA activity of all milk and a significant increase in PL activity in milk collected at higher altitudes (2700 and 3800 m), suggesting the pasteurization was unsuitable for preserving milk at higher altitudes. This study offered references for the production and storage of milk after introducing Holstein cows on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
研究领域:
农业
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乳品科学
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食品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL LETTERS
·
2017
·
IF 1.15
Yuan Liu,Jianye Liu,Xiaowei Li,Kunxia Zhao,Pengchun Zhang,Shuangyang Ding
A simple and sensitive method was developed and validated by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) for the determination of meropenem and ertapenem in environmental materials from dairy farms. The limits of quantification were between 1 and 20 ng/mL for the analytes in lagoon water, bedding soil, and silage. The recoveries for meropenem and ertapenem exceeded 80%. The intraday and interday precision values were less than 15% in all samples. The validated method was employed to determine the meropenem and ertapenem in environment samples obtained from dairy farms.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Jinjin Tong,Zezheng Liu,Kexuan Zhou,Kaiming Wang,Shijiao Guo,Hua Zhang
The overuse of antibiotics in livestock production poses a significant threat to public health, primarily by accelerating the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria—a critical global issue. Therefore, the development of effective alternatives to antibiotics is urgently required to address this problem. In this study, BLfcin-NPs@CS/β-GP thermosensitive hydrogels were developed by incorporating bovine lactoferricin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles into a chitosan/β-GP hydrogel matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of a three-dimensional porous structure. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed successful synthesis, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that nanoparticle incorporation did not alter the crystallinity of the hydrogel. The rheological properties, in vitro degradation, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity of the composite hydrogels were systematically evaluated, and the results demonstrated that the composite hydrogels exhibited temperature sensitivity, enhanced degradation rates, low cytotoxicity, and strong antibacterial activity. These findings suggest that BLfcin-NPs@CS/β-GP hydrogels present a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections, such as bovine mastitis, offering an innovative and effective strategy to reduce antibiotic use and mitigate the risk of antibiotic resistance in livestock production.
研究领域:
兽医学
·
生物材料学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 5.714
Shiyuan Feng,Yihao Zhang,Shaodong Fu,Zhi Li,Jinqiu Zhang,Yuanyuan Xu,Xiangan Han,Jinfeng Miao
Mastitis affects animal welfare and causes economic losses in the dairy industry. It is caused mainly by bacterial pathogens, among which Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is one of the prominent causative agents. To treat bovine mastitis, antibiotics were widely used. However, their extensive and uncontrolled use has led to the emergence of multi-antibiotic-resistant strains. Indeed, a superbug of E. coli was successfully isolated from a mastitis-suffering cow and found resistant to at least 10 antibiotics. Therefore, the development of a universal therapeutic agent used as a replacement for the antibiotic is an immediate need in the dairy industry. To do so, we examined whether chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural and herbal extract, could be a perfect alternative in mastitis treatment. In this study, we observed that the combination of CGA and antibiotic had an additive or synergistic effect; CGA fought against the superbug by directly targeting bacterial cell wall and membrane; CGA can significantly alleviate the mastitis caused by the superbug E. coli via its antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Collectively, these data indicated that CGA had a true potential to replace antibiotics during mastitis treatment.
研究领域:
兽医学
·
微生物学
·
药理学
·
乳品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animal Production Science
·
2018
·Vol. 59
·期 3
·471-478
·
IF 1.371
C. Wang,Q. Liu,G. Guo,W. J. Huo,Y. X. Wang,Y. L. Zhang,C. X. Pei,S. L. Zhang,C. Wang,Q. Liu,G. Guo,W. J. Huo,Y. X. Wang,Y. L. Zhang,C. X. Pei,S. L. Zhang
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of fibrolytic enzymes (FE, containing 160 units of cellulase and 4000 units of xylanase) or isobutyrate (IB) supplementation on ruminal fermentation, microbial enzyme activity and cellulolytic bacteria in dairy calves. Forty-eight Holstein bull calves of 15 days of age and of 44.9 ± 0.28 kg of BW were randomly assigned to four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Two levels of FE (0 g (FE–) or 1.83 g per calf per day (FE+)) and IB (0 g (IB–) or 6 g per calf per day (IB+)) were added. Calves were weaned at 60-day-old and four calves were selected from each treatment at random and slaughtered at 45 and 90 days of age. There was no IB × FE interaction effect. Ruminal pH decreased with IB or FE supplementation for post-weaned calves, whereas concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and acetate increased with IB or FE supplementation for pre- and post-weaned calves. Acetate to propionate ratio increased with IB supplementation, but was unaffected by FE supplementation. Ammonia-N concentration decreased with IB or FE supplementation for pre- and post-weaned calves. For post-weaned calves, activities of CMCase increased with IB or FE supplementation, and activities of cellobiase, xylanase, pectinase, β-amylase and protease increased with IB supplementation. Populations of B. fibrisolvens and F. succinogenes for pre- and post-weaned calves and R. flavefaciens for post-weaned calves increased with IB or FE supplementation. It is suggested that ruminal fermentation and growth performance of calves was improved with IB and FE supplementation, and the combination of IB and FE has the potential to stimulate the growth of pre- and post-weaned dairy calves.
研究领域:
动物科学
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微生物学
·
营养学
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DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
·
2022
·
IF 3.471
Bingke Wang,Jinbang Xiao,Yongjie Ma,Chuxi Gao,Hanbing Li,Yonghong Jia,Yaping Jin,Pengfei Lin
Further optimization of reproduction management programs in dairy cows is a contemporary research topic. In this context, our study aimed to compare a hormone program, named “uterus-ovary monitoring and classified use of hormone program” (M+C), with the Pre-OvSynch program. The M+C was based on regular application of B-mode ultrasonography during a voluntary waiting period to monitor the uterus and ovaries, while using various treatments under different conditions. Results of the 30–33-day and 60-day pregnancy/artificial insemination after the first AI of M+C were significantly better than the Pre-OvSynch (p < 0.05). The pregnancy rates within 180 days in milk after M+C was significantly higher than that after Pre-OvSynch (p < 0.05). The total number of inseminations used for M+C was significantly lower than that for Pre-OvSynch (p < 0.01). The number of open days was fewer after M+C than after the Pre–OvSynch throughout the experimental period with highly significant differences (p < 0.01). In summary, the use of M+C enhances reproductive benefits and reduces the need for hormone drugs among cows.
研究领域:
兽医学
·
动物繁殖学
·
生殖生物学
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畜牧业科学
·
临床兽医科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）