LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2023
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IF 6
Yan Zhu,Yuanyuan Yao,Jinfeng Xi,Caiguo Tang,Lifang Wu
Fusarium graminearum ( F. graminearum ) is a vital pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB). Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), which can be induced by stress in plants as a fungal inhibitor, affects the germination of spores through the detection of environmental factors such as temperature and pH. Based on mathematical models, F. graminearum was treated with different temperatures, pH, and H 2 S concentration to investigate spore germination events. This paper considered the synergistic effects of temperature and pH on spores in order to determine the optimal germination environment. Under these circumstances, the inhibition of spore germination with different concentrations of H 2 S was quantified. The results suggested that the germination time negatively correlates with the germinating rate. An increase in temperature altered the weak alkali preference of F. graminearum spores. At 28 °C, spores were more sensitive to the changes in pH. H 2 S gas could delay the germinating process significantly, however the required H 2 S concentration varied with environmental changes. This paper provides a perspective on the synergistic effect of temperature and pH on spore germination and contributes to determining the concentration of H 2 S as a management of FHB.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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微生物学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Gut Microbes
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2022
·
IF 9.434
Ningning Xu,Liyuan Lin,Yahui Du,Huibin Lin,Jia Song,Chaoyong Yang,Wei Wang
Transmission of bacterial endospores between the environment and people and the following germination in vivo play critical roles in both the deadly infections of some bacterial pathogens and the stabilization of the commensal microbiotas in humans. Our knowledge about the germination process of different bacteria in the mammalian gut, however, is still very limited due to the lack of suitable tools to visually monitor this process. We proposed a two-step labeling strategy that can image and quantify the endospores’ germination in the recipient’s intestines. Endospores collected from donor’s gut microbiota were first labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and transplanted to mice via gavage. The recipient mice were then administered with Cyanine5-tagged D-amino acid to label all the viable bacteria, including the germinated endospores, in their intestines in situ. The germinated donor endospores could be distinguished by presenting two types of fluorescent signals simultaneously. The integrative use of cell-sorting, 16S rDNA sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) staining of the two-colored bacteria unveiled the taxonomic information of the donor endospores that germinated in the recipient’s gut. Using this strategy, we investigated effects of different germinants and pre-treatment interventions on their germination, and found that germination of different commensal bacterial genera was distinctly affected by various types of germinants. This two-color labeling strategy shows its potential as a versatile tool for visually monitoring endospore germination in the hosts and screening for new interventions to improve endospore-based therapeutics.
研究领域:
微生物学
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分子生物学
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医学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Genes
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2019
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·412
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IF 3.331
Zhangxun Wang,Hong Zhu,Yuran Cheng,Yuanyuan Jiang,Yuandong Li,Bo Huang
The polyubiquitin gene is a highly conserved open reading frame that encodes different numbers of tandem ubiquitin repeats from different species, which play important roles in different biological processes.Metarhizium robertsiiis a fungal entomopathogen that is widely applied in the biological control of pest insects. However, it is unclear whether the polyubiquitin gene is required for fungal development, stress tolerance, and virulence in the entomopathogenic fungus. In the present study, the polyubiquitin gene (MrUBI4, MAA_02160) was functionally characterized via gene deletion inM. robertsii.Compared to the control strains, theMrUBI4deletion mutant showed delayed conidial germination and significantly decreased conidial yields (39% of the wild-type 14 days post-incubation). Correspondingly, the transcript levels of several genes from the central regulatory pathways associated with conidiation, includingbrlA,abaA,andwetA, were significantly downregulated, which indicated thatMrUBI4played an important role in asexual sporulation. Deletion ofMrUBI4especially resulted in increased sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) and heat-shock stress based on conidial germination analysis between mutant and control strains. The significant increase in sensitivity to heat-shock was accompanied with reduced transcript levels of genes related to heat-shock protein (hsp), trehalose, and mannitol accumulation (tps,tpp,nth,andmpd) in theMrUBI4deletion mutant. Deletion ofMrUBI4has no effect on fungal virulence. Altogether,MrUBI4is involved in the regulation of conidiation, conidial germination, UV stress, and heat-shock response inM. robertsii.Keywords:Metarhizium robertsii;polyubiquitin;conidiation;conidial germination;stress tolerance
研究领域:
真菌学
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分子生物学
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植物保护
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES
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2021
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IF 1.047
Chun Yang,Lili Song,Zhong Miao,Lingyun Jiang,Ting Li,Xiaoyan Zhi,Xiaojuan Hao,Hui Cao
To explore candidate fungicides from plant secondary metabolites, 16 novel obovatol-type phenazine derivatives were semi-synthesized from obovatol isolated from the leaves of Magnolia obovata Thunb. The antifungal activity of synthesized compounds was investigated in vitro against four phytopathogenic fungi using the spore germination method. The bioassay results showed that eight derivatives ( 8b , 8g , 8h – k , 8i′ , and 8k′ ) exhibited better antifungal activity against Fusarium solani than two positive controls, especially compounds 8b (IC 50 = 64.61 μg mL −1 ) and 8i′ (IC 50 = 79.97 μg mL −1 ) showed pronounced inhibition of spore germination activity against F. solani . They could be used as lead compounds for further structural optimization. Additionally, the preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) illustrated that the introduction of a benzene ring monosubstituted with electron-withdrawing groups into the obovatol scaffold could lead to potentially antifungal compounds.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药物化学
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真菌学
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DOI
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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2020
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IF 4.303
Jinxin Che,Yue Chen,Yalan Wu,Lu Li,Nengguo Tao
Tremendous economic losses in the citrus industry are caused by infestations of Penicillium digitatum . Previous research has shown that the terpene myrcene in citrus essential oils could stimulate the spore germination and mycelial growth of P. digitatum . However, the underlying mechanism is poorly known. Here, how myrcene induces the spore germination of P. digitatum was elucidated. The addition of myrcene significantly promoted the spore germination of P. digitatum and green mold in citrus fruit. As the incubation time increased, the intracellular and extracellular myrcene contents both significantly decreased in myrcene-treated samples, and no downstream products were detected through a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer. Metabolomics analysis revealed that the contents of metabolites involved in central carbon metabolism, such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and citrate cycle, were significantly affected after the addition of myrcene. The adenosine triphosphate content and the intracellular energy charge were also drastically increased. Overall, our results suggest that the ability of myrcene to stimulate the spore germination of P. digitatum might be mediated by the upregulation of central carbon and energy metabolism.
研究领域:
微生物学
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植物科学
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代谢组学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY
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2022
·Vol. 62
·期 12
·1457-1466
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IF 2.65
Minghua Li,Binbin Yao,Xiumei Meng
Phenyllactic acid (PLA) has gained a lot of attention due to its broad antimicrobial activity, but the mechanism of its antifungal action has been barely reported until now. Herein, the inhibitory activity of PLA against Aspergillus flavus spore germination and its mechanism were preliminarily investigated. Results indicated that PLA had a strong antifungal activity against A. flavus with the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 6 and 12 mg/ml, respectively. As observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the A. flavus spores displayed wrinkled and shrunken appearance after treatment with PLA. In addition, the permeability and integrity of A. flavus cell membrane were changed obviously after PLA treatment as indicated by the propidium iodide (PI) staining results, which was further confirmed by a rise in electric conductivity and increased leakage of intracellular protein and nucleic acid. Furthermore, reduced activities of mitochondrial ATPase and dehydrogenases caused by PLA were also observed in A. flavus spores, with a result of remarkable decrease in ATP synthesis. Therefore, it could be concluded that PLA was effective in inhibiting spore germination of A. flavus mainly by disrupting cell membrane and interfering with mitochondrial energy metabolism.
研究领域:
微生物学
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食品科学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 3.8
Xin-Yu Ji,Bing-Yi Wang,Yi-Feng Zhang,Yu-Jing Zhang,Ya-Jie Lai,Yang Yang,Xiang-Chen Wang,Su-Yan Wang,Pedro Laborda,Xin-Chi Shi
BACKGROUND Epicoccum sorghinum is a pathogenic fungus that causes leaf spot in a wide range of plants, including maize, and synthesizes the mycotoxin tenuazonic acid (TEA), which is carcinogenic. Despite the relevant economic and yield losses caused by E. sorghinum worldwide, methods for the control of this pathogen are lacking. RESULTS In this work, the efficacy of Bacillus -produced dipicolinic acid (DPA) for control of E. sorghinum was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays, and compared with the efficacy of three commercial fungicides, including carbendazim, prochloraz, and thiram. DPA inhibited E. sorghinum mycelial growth, and conidia germination, and produced important alterations in E. sorghinum hyphae. Interestingly, 10 mM DPA reduced TEA biosynthesis by 86.6%. Although DPA rapidly degraded on maize leaves, 10 mM DPA showed higher preventive (67.4% lesion length inhibition) and inhibitory (89.5% lesion length inhibition) efficacies for the control of E. sorghinum on maize leaves compared to the commercial fungicides. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this study presents the first method for the control of E. sorghinum on maize and demonstrates that DPA application is a suitable approach to inhibit E. sorghinum symptoms in plants and TEA biosynthesis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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农业科学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2023
·
IF 4.7
Duo Lai,Delin Wang,Xuehua Shao,Jian Qin,Qingli Zhuang,Hanhong Xu,Weiqiang Xiao
Blue mold induced by Penicillium choerospondiatis is a primary cause of growth and postharvest losses in the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica . There is an urgent need to explore novel and safe fungicides to control this disease. Here, we demonstrated osthole, a natural coumarin compound isolated from Cnidium monnieri , exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on mycelia growth, conidial germination rate and germ tube length of P. choerospondiatis , and effectively suppressed the blue mold development in postharvest fruit of P. emblica . The median effective concentration of osthole was 9.86 mg/L. Osthole treatment resulted in cellular structural disruption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and induced autophagic vacuoles containing cytoplasmic components in fungal cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed that osthole treatment led to the differentially expressed genes mainly enriched in the cell wall synthesis, TCA cycle, glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis , oxidative phosphorylation . Moreover, osthole treatment led to increase genes expression involved in peroxisome , autophagy and endocytosis . Particularly, the autophagy pathway related genes ( PcATG1 , PcATG3 , PcATG15 , PcATG27 , PcYPT7 and PcSEC18 ) were prominently up-regulated by osthole. Summarily, these results revealed the potential antifungal mechanism of osthole against P. choerospondiatis . Osthole has potentials to develop as a natural antifungal agent for controlling blue mold disease in postharvest fruits.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 6.6
Yanmei Li,Weilong Li,Zigan Xu,Zixi Chen,Zhuoheng Song,Yeye Yu,Ting Xie,Yong Dai,Xiehui Chen,Shaodong Luan,Hanchao Gao
Bacillus cereus is a common spoilage microorganism that can survive in various foods and produce toxins, causing food poisoning such as diarrhea and vomiting, and seriously threatening public health and food safety. Therefore, developing efficient and safe control methods is of great significance for ensuring food quality. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel cell wall lytic enzyme, LysM15, derived from the genome of B. cereus VD045. Structural analysis showed that LysM15 contains an M15 catalytic domain and an SH3 binding domain. Recombinant LysM15 exhibited strong and specific lytic activity against B. cereus , with no effect on other pathogenic species, achieving rapid bacterial lysis within 10 min at 0.008 g/L. At 0.0125 g/L, it also effectively inhibited spore germination and eliminated preformed biofilm. Moreover, the enzyme maintained high lytic activity under a variety of physicochemical conditions, including pH 7.0–9.0, 50 °C, and 0.3 mol/L NaCl. Mechanistic investigations showed that LysM15 disrupted the cell wall, caused cytoplasmic leakage and structural collapse, and interfered with metabolism and gene expression, ultimately leading to bacterial death. Notably, LysM15 significantly decreased B. cereus counts in beef samples stored at 4 °C. These findings suggest that LysM15 possesses strong, specific, and stable antibacterial properties, highlighting its potential as an effective biocontrol agent against B. cereus contamination in food systems.
研究领域:
微生物学
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食品安全
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酶学
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基因组学
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代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Microbiology
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2025
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IF 4.5
Yulei Tai,Meng Zhang,Yuning Han,Hui Hu,Shan Lin,Fangya Zhai,Menglun Tian,Xiaojun Song,Shuangshuang Wan,Yu Chen,Dazhi Jin
Introduction: Niclosamide (NIC) has significant potential as a clinical therapeutic agent for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI); however, its strong hydrophobicity hampers its oral bioavailability, and its active effects against C. difficile remain unclear.Methods: Niclosamide-loaded controlled-release hyaluronic acid-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) naosphernes (NIC@PLGA-HAs) were synthesized using an oil-in-water emulsion technique and their effects on C. difficile cell growth, spore germination, biofilm formation, and NIC interaction sites with C. difficile toxin B (TcdB) were analyzed.Results: NIC@PLGA-HAs exhibited enhanced solubility and stability, with a water contact angle on a hydrophilic surface of 65.1° and a zeta potential of 31.57 ± 2.08 mV, and pH-responsive (pH 7.4) controlled-release characteristics compared to free NIC. The NIC@PLGA-HAs killed C. difficile vegetative cells at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL. When C. difficile cells were treated with NIC@PLGA-HAs at the 1/4 MIC, spore germination and biofilm formation were significantly inhibited compared to those in untreated cells (P < 0.01). NIC was found to interact with the receptor-binding domain of TcdB at 24 amino acid sites via an enthalpy-driven reaction (enthalpy change, 36.21 kJ/mol and entropy change, 212.9 J⋅mol/K). In vivo experimental findings in Mongolian gerbils indicated that NIC@PLGA-HAs outperformed free NIC in reducing pathological damage, diarrhea severity, weight loss, and TcdB production and enhanced the survival rate.Conclusion: These findings presented the therapeutic potential of NIC@PLGA-HAs with high solubility and stability, which simultaneously exerted multiple biological activities against C. difficile.
研究领域:
药剂学
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微生物学
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纳米技术
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药物递送
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传染病学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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2019
·
IF 3.927
Lu Li,Xu Tang,Qiuli Ouyang,Nengguo Tao
Sodium dehydroacetate (SD) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) are food preservatives with antifungal activities against many pathogens. In this paper, the antifungal activity of the combination treatment of SD and Na 2 SiO 3 against Geotrichum citri-aurantii , the postharvest pathogen of sour rot in citrus fruit, was tested. SD and Na 2 SiO 3 combination (1:4, w/w) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect compared to single compound on the mycelial growth of G. citri-aurantii , with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) being 1.8 and 3.6 g L −1 , respectively. The spores’ germination and the plasma membrane integrity of the pathogen could also be visibly influenced by the 1× MFC SD + Na 2 SiO 3 treatment. The application of various SD + Na 2 SiO 3 concentrations (1×, 5×, and 10× MFC) to citrus fruit inoculated with G. citri-aurantii significantly ( P < 0.05) decreased the incidence of sour rot during the entire storage period. After 8 d of storage, the disease incidences in SD + Na 2 SiO 3 (10×, 5× or 1× MFC)-treated fruit were only 20%, 30%, 65%, respectively, in contrast to 100% of the control fruit. Meanwhile, SD + Na 2 SiO 3 treatments maintained the fruit quality of citrus fruit. Results indicate that the combination of SD and Na 2 SiO 3 is a promising approach in controlling the postharvest decay of citrus fruit.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物病理学
·
采后技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.2
Jingjing Yang,Hai Zhu,Wenhao Liang,Xingzeng Zhao,Min Yin,Xu Feng,Bi Wang
Phytophthora capsici is an infamously soil-borne pathogen that poses a serious threat to agricultural production. Curcumol is a natural plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone, whose antimicrobial effect against plant pathogens remains unclear. In this study, curcumol exhibited pronounced antifungal activity against a diverse range of plant pathogens, particularly against plant pathogenic oomycetes, which including P. capsici , Phytophthora infestans , Phytophthora parasitica , and Phytophthora sojae . The median effective concentration values of curcumol against P. capsici for spore germination and mycelial growth were 4.75 and 2.11 μg mL −1 , respectively. After treatment with curcumol, mycelia of P. capsici exhibited morphological and ultrastructual defects, which included swelling, hyperbranching, dissolution of plasma membrane, and loss of organelles. In addition, curcumol effectively inhibited the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), a primary component of cell membrane, by downregulating the expression levels of genes participated in PC synthesis such as Phospholipid N-methyltransferase and Cholinephosphotransferase . This inhibition decreased the accumulation of PC and phospholipids within the cell, thereby increasing the cell membrane permeability and damaging its integrity. In the in vivo antifungal tests, curcumol reduced the disease incidence of P. capsici on tomato leaves as well as pepper seedlings. The systemicity tests further validated the strong phloem and xylem mobility of curcumol in both upward and downward directions. Taken together, these results indicated that curcumol could effectively combat diseases caused by P. capsici and had the potential for development into a novel fungicide for P. capsici management.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
真菌学
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农业科学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）