CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 13.2
Yujun Gong,Danni Xiao,Tao Zhang,Xianmin Shi,Shengzhi Wang,Yanjuan Huang,Chunshun Zhao
Postoperative abdominal adhesion (PAA) affects over 90% of abdominal surgery patients and remains a huge clinical challenge. Sustained inflammation with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subsequent peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs)-mesenchymal transition (MMT) are key events driving PAA formation. Herein, we engineer a ROS-responsive nanocomposite hydrogel (P/H/PBLA@PFD) for ROS-triggered sequential delivery of antioxidant/anti-inflammatory drugs and MMT inhibitors for effective PAA prevention. P/H/PBLA@PFD hydrogel is fabricated via Schiff base crosslinking between aldehyde-functionalized Pluronic F127 micelles loaded with pirfenidone (PFD) and adipic dihydrazide-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-ADH), concurrently incorporating a ROS-responsive antioxidant dihydrolipoic acid prodrug PBLA which forms a diazaborine (DAB) structure via click chemistry with HA-ADH. P/H/PBLA@PFD displays tissue-mimetic mechanical properties and good tissue adhesion to retain in cecum for at least 7 days. The elevated ROS in wound microenvironment triggers DAB cleavage and the subsequent on-demand antioxidant drug release, enabling cascade ROS elimination to reduce inflammation. Moreover, hydrogel network breakage enlarges its pore size, achieving ROS-triggered sequential sustained release of PFD to inhibit TGF-β1-mediated MMT process of PMCs, finally realizing temporal regulation of the key PAA formation cascade. Ultimately, P/H/PBLA@PFD hydrogel effectively prevents PAA formation in a rat model through coordinated ROS scavenging, anti-inflammatory and fibrosis suppression with good biocompatibility.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 10.6
Hang Xu,Wenhui Zhang,Sicheng Zhu,Bingyu Shen,Xinyu Li,Bingqi Jiang,Lianhong Wang,Philippe F.X. Corvini,Max M. Häggblom,Rong Ji
Transformation of bisphenol compounds during nitrogen removal processes in wastewater treatment plants, along with the key microbial taxa associated with this transformation, remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the transformation of a series of alkylbisphenols (ABPs; bisphenol A, bisphenol E, and bisphenol F) and sulfonylbisphenol (bisphenol S) in an enriched nitrifying activated sludge (NAS). While bisphenol S was persistent in the NAS, the ABPs were effectively transformed; however, 14 C-isotope tracing revealed that the majority of BPA (presumably also other ABPs) was retained in the NAS as transformable intermediates and potentially toxic nitroaromatic compounds, with minor mineralization (< 1 %). In total, nine transformation products were identified, including nitrated aromatic compounds and single-ring phenolic compounds. Ammonia‑oxidizing bacteria (AOB), primarily Nitrosomonas , drove abiotic ABP transformation to persistent nitroaromatic products. Heterotrophic bacteria, such as Sphingomonas , Methyloterena , and Comamonas , initiated ABP transformation via type II ipso- hydroxylation and oxidative cleavage, and also mineralized the intermediates formed through the AOB-mediated dealkylative nitration. By integrating batch experiments, HPLC–QTOF-MS/MS, 14 C-tracing, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we provide a comprehensive understanding of these complementary transformation pathways and the key microbial taxa involved. Our findings highlight the significant role of AOB-mediated abiotic reactions in ABP transformation, and alarmingly revealed that the traditional nitrogen removal processes using NAS may produce toxic persistent nitroaromatic compounds, thereby leading to unexpected environmental risks.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 13.2
Ningning Xiao,Wei Wang,Chunyu Ding,Dongming Qi,Zhijie Chen,Yangyi Sun
F lame- r etardant w aterborne p oly u rethane (FR-WPU) combines fire resistance with the environmental benefits of waterborne systems, making it attractive for advanced textiles, transportation, and construction applications. The traditional strategy relies on covalently embedding rigid, polar flame-retardant moieties into the PU backbone, which ensures durable flame resistance, but inevitably compromises chain mobility and mechanical robustness. Here, leveraging a macromolecular rigidity-flexibility synergy strategy, we have developed a novel bio-based FR-WPU by integrating flexible c astor o il (CO) segments with a rigid 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-derived flame-retardant chain extender. By precisely tuning the CO/DOPO ratio, we construct a balanced macromolecular architecture in which flexible chains dissipate stress and enhance compatibility, while rigid phosphorus-aromatic domains form thermally stable char barriers. The resulting FR-WPU achieves a l imiting o xygen i ndex (LOI) of 29.2% (well above the 27% threshold), along with excellent mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 34.3 MPa (35.9% higher than that of CO-free PU) and an elongation at break of 347.9% (an 11.7% improvement). When applied to m icro f iber synthetic l eather (MFL), the MFL maintains robust flame retardancy (with an LOI of 28.1%). This work highlights rigidity-flexibility synergy as a universal design strategy to overcome the trade-off between macromolecular functionality and mechanical performance, paving the way for next-generation eco-friendly, high-performance polymeric materials.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2026
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IF 7.4
Xiaolu Sun,Shilin Wang,Siyuan Dong,Xi Chen,Xinbo Dong,Yang Wang,Xigao Jian,Cheng Liu
With the rapid development of the aerospace field, higher requirements have been put forward for the heat resistance of thermosetting resins. In this study, an asymmetrical phthalonitrile monomer containing Schiff base moiety (SchB-PN) was synthesized by a two-step method with N -4′-hydroxybenzylidene-4-hydroxyaniline (N-hy) and 4-nitro- o -phthalonitrile. The structure and properties of SchB-PN were characterized by ¹H NMR, 13 C NMR, 1 H- 1 H gCOSY, HRMS, FTIR, XRD, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheology. SchB-PN had a relatively low viscosity of 0.179 Pa·s when molten, and due to the presence of imine and cyano groups, SchB-PN resin exhibited self-curing characteristics. Furthermore, SchB-PN resins were cured with different curing agents and curing processes. It was found that SchB-PN-APn-400 resin cured by SchB-PN and p -aminobenzonitrile (APn) at 400 °C demonstrated excellent thermal stability and thermal oxidative stability, with the temperature of 5% weight loss ( T 5% ) of 530 °C in nitrogen and 534 °C in air, and the residual carbon rate was 74.9% at 800 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. The curing mechanism of SchB-PN-APn resin and the cooperative curing mechanism of imine bonds and cyano groups were studied and clarified through FTIR, in-situ infrared technology, SEM and EDS. In addition, the thermal stability and pyrolysis mechanism of SchB-PN were systematically investigated by TGA and TG-FTIR techniques, as well as the compensatory effect of the Schiff base bond breaking and reconnection during the degradation process. The relevant data and analysis results highlight the potential application prospects of SchB-PN-APn resin in aerospace and high-performance engineering fields.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
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2026
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IF 4.7
Xinyu Wang,Libo Tong,Miaomiao Li,Xiangjun Li,Yinxia Dong,Yuxin Gao,Kuaishe Wang
The incorporation of two-dimensional fillers restricts polymer chain mobility, thereby worsening the self-healing capability of organic coatings. To address this challenge, this study is inspired by dynamic hydrogen-bond strategy, an intrinsic self-healing composite coating of flexible-chain benzoxazine-derived Schiff base-modified epoxy resin with L-histidine-functionalized graphene oxide (EBP-fGO) is successfully prepared on the Mg alloy, which simultaneously enhances corrosion resistance and self‑healing performance. The self-healing property of EBP is derived from the synergistic effect of Schiff-based bonds topological rearrangement in the polymer and imidazole groups on fGO catalyzing benzoxazine ring-opening polymerization, promoting hydrogen bond formation and enhancing interfacial chain mobility near the fillers within the polymer matrix. Furthermore, fGO incorporation enhances corrosion protection via labyrinth effects, while its hydrogen bonding with the EBP matrix ensures optimal interfacial compatibility. After 21 days of immersion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, the impedance modulus of this coating decreased by less than two orders of magnitude, from 4.15×10 10 Ω·cm 2 to 6.12×10 8 Ω·cm 2 , demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Besides, the EBP-fGO coating can achieve a self-healing efficiency of up to 92.6%, through a facile heat treatment. A unique strategy is thus proposed to enhance self-healing performance by promoting interfacial molecular mobility, offering a viable solution to reconcile the inherent conflict between enhanced barrier properties and restricted self-healing capability in two-dimensional filler-reinforced coatings for Mg alloy corrosion protection.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Youbing Li,Chonglin Liu,Yunsheng Xu,Shuangfei Xiang,Wenjun Peng,Xianming Zhang,Minna Hakkarainen,Pengwu Xu,Weijun Yang,Piming Ma
Acylhydrazone-based Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs) are attractive candidates for recyclable thermosets due to their strong hydrogen bonding and excellent creep resistance. However, their slow exchange kinetics under catalyst-free conditions severely restricts reprocessability and advanced manufacturing potential. Herein, a substituent-guided molecular design strategy is proposed to tune the acylhydrazone exchange dynamics through the electronic effects of aromatic substituents. This approach enables programmable control over viscoelastic behavior, achieving a unique balance between rapid stress relaxation (τ = 187 s at 100 °C) and high creep resistance (onset up to 130 °C). The nitro-functionalized network exhibits strong intrinsic UV absorption, enabling dye-free, high-resolution DLP 3D printing (600 μm features) with excellent printing fidelity. Moreover, the printed materials display efficient reprocessability at 180 °C and thermal self-healing at 130 °C with minimal loss of mechanical strength. This catalyst-free and generalizable design provides deeper insight into substituent-driven dynamic control and offers a practical pathway for recyclable, precision-manufacturable thermoset systems relevant to sustainable polymer engineering.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9
Tianyin Huang,Yifan Yu,Wentao Zhang,Yue Zhao,Yiliang Tao,Wenguang Huang,Bingdang Wu
Antibiotic residues, as emerging environmental contaminants, have raised significant concerns, underscoring the urgent need for efficient laccase–mediator systems (LMS) to facilitate their removal. However, the screening and design of high-performance mediators remain largely empirical, lacking robust theoretical guidance. In this study, we systematically evaluated the kinetic performance of Trametes versicolor laccase coupled with 19 redox mediators for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation in the presence of humic acid (HA). Among the mediators tested, syringaldehyde (SA) exhibited superior degradation efficiency. By promoting laccase-catalyzed generation of phenoxyl radicals, the kinetics of antibiotic removal was improved. Toxicity assessments revealed that the degradation products of SMX in the SA-mediated LMS with HA exhibited low ecological risk. The system maintained high SMX degradation performance in various real water matrices (with a removal rate of up to 95 % and a reaction rate of up to 0.11 min −1 ), demonstrating its applicability in environmentally relevant scenarios. Furthermore, we established a structure–activity relationship between the electronic properties of natural mediators and SMX removal efficiency, demonstrating that catalytic performance is closely correlated with frontier molecular orbital energy levels and HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital)–LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) gaps. High-efficiency mediators typically possess higher HOMO energies and narrower energy gaps. This study offers molecular-level insights and design principles for developing efficient mediators, advancing the targeted application of LMS technology for the remediation of emerging contaminants.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2026
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IF 6
Huixiang Li,Xinyu Wu,Changhui Liang,Wei Zhang,Xiaoqiang Zhang,Z. Conrad Zhang
Aldol condensation is a fundamental carbon–carbon coupling reaction for upgrading oxygenates; however, the intrinsic catalyst function governing carbonyl activation and enolization—and thus the reactivity—remains unclear, particularly in the absence of a reliable descriptor. Here, we establish oxygen affinity as a mechanistically relevant descriptor linking catalyst–oxygenate interactions to intrinsic activity. A volcano-type relationship is revealed over a series of metal oxides in benzaldehyde-acetone aldol condensation, demonstrating that catalytic performance is maximized at an intermediate interaction strength. Establishing this relationship requires quantitative determination of active-site density to evaluate intrinsic activity, and independent assessment of interaction strength. We employ complementary and cross-validated experimental methods integrating isothermal desorption, infrared spectroscopy, and pulse chemisorption. Furthermore, substituent effects show that the optimal affinity regime shifts systematically with substrate electronic properties, indicating that descriptor–reactivity relationships depend on substrate electronic properties. This work provides a quantitative basis for descriptor-based catalyst design in oxygenate transformations.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
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2026
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IF 4
Le Zhang,Qianqian Wang,Lin Hao,Ying Zhao,Weihua Liu,Yaxin Liu,Zitian Li,Zhi Wang
A novel imidazole-functionalized COF (TPT-DB-COF) was constructed. • TPT-DB-COF showed good adsorption performance for neonicotinoid insecticides. • The adsorption mechanisms involve hydrogen bond, π-π interaction, and pore filling. • This method effectively detected neonicotinoid insecticides in four real samples. Developing an effective method for reliable monitoring of insecticide residues is desirable for public health. This study developed a rapid and sensitive method to determine neonicotinoid insecticides (NEONICs) in water, lemon beverage, wax gourd, and tomato samples. An imidazole-functionalized COF (TPT-DB-COF) featuring a spherical core-shell structure was developed and used as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent. The TPT-DB-COF exhibited superior adsorption ability for NEONICs. The TPT-DB-COF-SPE/HPLC-DAD approach for trace analysis of NEONICs had low detection limits (0.02–0.03 ng mL −1 for water samples, 0.07–0.08 ng mL −1 for lemon beverage, 0.6–0.8 ng g −1 for wax gourd samples, and 0.9–1.3 ng g −1 for tomato samples), high trueness (method recoveries of 87.0% - 114%), and acceptable precision (relative standard deviations below 7.9%). Such good performance parameters pave the way for the application of TPT-DB-COF in the analysis of NEONICs. Download: Download high-res image (197KB) Download: Download full-size image
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 12.8
Yue Wang,Jingyi Lin,Yonghuan Zhao,Weiguang Lv,Bo Liang,Peihua Li,Kaisheng Zhang,Xing-jiu Huang
Tetracycline (TC) is widely detected in natural waters, yet its transformation under environmentally relevant oxidative conditions remains poorly understood, because most previous studies have focused on engineered oxidation systems employing strong oxidants or external energy input. Here we show that humic-like phenolic moieties can act as active mediators to redirect δ-MnO 2 -driven TC transformation from slow direct oxidation to a phenoxy-radical-mediated coupling pathway. Screening of 18 humic-acid model compounds identified acetosyringone (AS) and syringaldehyde (SyrA) as the most effective co-reactants, increasing the apparent rate constants ( k obs ) of TC by about 8.5- and 5.9-fold, respectively. Analyses indicate that TC transformation is governed by syringyl-type phenoxy radicals generated via surface-mediated one-electron transfer on δ-MnO 2 , with reactivity controlled by the fraction of deprotonated phenolic precursors (ArO − ) over a near-neutral pH range. The structure-activity analysis further revealed that ortho‑methoxy and para-carbonyl functionalities favor radical stability and cross-reactivity, whereas para-carboxyl substitution biases the mediator toward self-coupling and unproductive oxidant consumption. These substituent-dependent trends provide molecular-level insight into how humic-like phenolics regulate TC transformation at Mn oxide interfaces.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 143
·期 40
·e71304
·
IF 3.1
Kang Jiaoyue,Chao Yan,Yan Kou,Lin Zhou,Tao Liu,Mao Chen
Epoxy resin (EP) is one of the most widely used thermosetting materials; however, its high inherent flammability severely restricts its practical applications. To address this issue, a novel nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P)-containing hexafunctional monomer (HCPB) was synthesized and employed to partially substitute diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) in the preparation of flame-retardant epoxy thermosets (EP/HCPB), using polyetheramine (D230) as the curing agent. The effects of HCPB content on the thermal stability, mechanical strength, and flame retardancy of EP were systematically investigated. Specifically, the EP-HCPB 15 composite with 15.00 mol% HCPB achieved a tensile strength of 48.87 MPa, a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.5%, a UL-94 V-0 classification, and a glass transition temperature ( T g ) of 58.11°C. Furthermore, the flame-retardant mechanism of HCPB in the epoxy matrix was systematically elucidated, involving both gas-phase free-radical quenching and condensed-phase charring effects. This work provides a facile and effective strategy for the design and preparation of high-performance flame-retardant epoxy thermosets.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2025
·
IF 2.8
Li-Wei Su,Tian-Yu Su,Zheng Zhao,Ming-Hao Liu,Rui-Guang Xing,Xin Ge,Li-Na Jia,Ya-Hui Li,Jin-Xiao Bao,Gao-Fei Pan
High fire safety, aging resistance, and excellent mechanical properties are particularly important for polyurethane elastomers in electronic encapsulation and membrane materials. Here, we synthesized a polyurethane elastomer material with enhanced mechanical properties, as well as better fire safety and UV aging resistance through the design of nitrogen and phosphorus-containing elemental chain extenders (BFPP and AHMT) and the incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles. Sample APU-BFPP-4 spiked with 1.25% AHMT, 2.5% BHPP, and 5% cerium oxide nanoparticles can pass the UL-94 V-0 rating and the LOI increases to 27.5%. The PHRR and THR of the APU-BFPP composites were lower than those of PU by 6.42% and 14.56%, respectively. Meanwhile, the addition of cerium oxide nanoparticles can effectively improve the UV shielding and mechanical properties of polyurethanes; the APU-BFPP composites can achieve 100% UV shielding in the full UV band, and the mechanical properties can reach 30 MPa. In order to investigate the flame-retardant mechanism, the condensed phase and gas phases of PU elastomer combustion have been analyzed; the results showed that the flame-retardant mode of the APU-BFPP composites was mainly dominated by the trapping of fuel free radicals and the carbon layer blocking effect. Compared with the flame-retardant PU composites that have been reported, APU-BFPP composites have achieved a better balance between efficient flame retardancy, UV protection properties, and good mechanical properties, which makes it perform well in electronic encapsulation and membrane materials.
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