The output power of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) strongly depends on the performance of triboelectric materials, especially microstructures and functional groups of them. In this work, aiming at the excellent triboelectric ability, alternate-layered MXene composite films-based TENG with abundant fluorine groups(-F) through layer-by-layer stacking are designed and fabricated. Benefitting from the uniform intrinsic microstructure and increased dielectric constant, when the amount of the Nb 2 CT x nanosheets increases to 15 wt%, the TENG based on Nb 2 CT x /Ti 3 C 2 T x composite nanosheets films achieves the maximum output. The short-circuit current density of 8.06 μA/cm 2 and voltage of 34.63 V are 8.4 times and 3.5 times over that of pure Ti 3 C 2 T x films, and 3.3 times and 4.3 times over that of commercial poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films, respectively. Furthermore, the fabricated TENG could be attached to human body to harvest energy from human motions, such as typing, texting, and hand clapping. The results demonstrate that the alternate-layered MXene composite nanosheet films through layer-by-layer stacking possess remarkably triboelectric performance, which broaden the choice of negative triboelectric materials and supply a new choice for high output TENG.
Dielectric polymers with high breakdown strength (Eb) and high retention rate of breakdown strength at elevated temperature have important application potential in advanced electrical insulation devices. Herein, the aromatic heterocyclic diamine monomer , 5-amino-2-(2-hydroxy-4-aminobenzene)-benzoxazole (HBOA), was synthesized. Theoretical calculation and single crystal date demonstrated fully the formation of intramolecular H-bond of OH⋯N]C between benzoxazole and benzene ring in HBOA, which endows the monomer a coplanar geometry. Moreover, the aromatic polyamide films were prepared by polycondensation of HBOA, and the in-plane orientation of films increases with increasing the coplanar HBOA content, which reduces the orientation confusion and cavity of chains packing. When the HBOA content is over 70%, the films exhibit dense-layered stacking structure with high crystallinity . It is found that the dense-layered stacking structure can prevent the films breakdown and failure effectively, which endows the homopolymerization (HBOA-100) film with Eb of 771 kV/mm. Moreover, the Eb of the HBOA-100 film is still as high as 634 kV/mm at 150 °C, and its retention rate of Eb reaches 82% in high temperature environment. In addition, tensile strength of the HBOA-100 film is nearly 343 MPa, glass transition temperature is about 334 °C and the thermal stability up to 487 °C.
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