Carbon Letters
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2023
·
IF 4.5
Ma Linping,Long Xiang,Ma Yanshun,Wu Shaogui
Carbon dots (CDs) are versatile nanomaterials with tunable luminescent properties. We used a natural plant kaempferol as a carbon source to synthesize multicolor CDs by reacting it with various nitrogen sources. Blue, green, and red CDs (B-CDs, G-CDs, and R-CDs) with emission wavelengths of 445 nm, 510 nm, and 600 nm respectively were successfully synthesized. Their photoluminescence quantum yields of are up to 37.4%, 20.1%, and 30.8%, respectively. Surface analysis revealed abundant nitrogen groups influencing luminescence. B-CDs and G-CDs show excitation-dependent emissions, indicating a potential correlation between their luminescence and particle sizes, while R-CDs exhibit excitation-independent emission, suggesting they belong to molecular state CDs. All three CDs exhibit stable luminescent performance, as well as good salt resistance and photobleaching resistance. The practical application of multicolored CDs in anti-counterfeiting fluorescent inks was further explored. This work offers a straightforward, eco-friendly route to synthesize multicolor CDs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学
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植物学
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DOI
高影响因子
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 3.1
Liu Wencheng,Liu Rifu,Yang Yue,Cheng Lixue,Feng Xiaobing,Li Qinglei
This study investigated the potential therapeutic effect of kaempferol on osteoporosis by regulating bone homeostasis through the YAP. The ovariectomy model was constructed. The changes in bone and liver tissue were observed through HE staining. Bone metabolism and inflammatory markers were quantitatively analyzed using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Changes in the YAP/NF-κB signaling pathway were detected through Western blot and immunofluorescence. In vitro, the activity and secretion levels of MC3 T3-E1-differentiated osteoblasts were assessed using CCK- 8 and ELISA. The effects of osteoblast-secreted factors on osteoclast-induced differentiation were analyzed using alizarin red staining, phalloidin staining, ELISA, TRAP staining, and SEM. Finally, the regulatory effects of kaempferol on the expression of bone homeostasis in osteoclasts were examined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Kaempferol treatment improved trabecular bone structure, increased bone density, and modulated bone metabolism by enhancing OPG expression and suppressing TRAP, NFATC1, and RANKL levels. Kaempferol inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway and increased YAP expression, reducing inflammatory factors. In vitro, kaempferol promoted osteoblast differentiation and inhibited osteoclast activity. These effects were most pronounced at higher kaempferol doses and were associated with improved bone remodeling and reduced bone resorption. Kaempferol exhibits significant potential for osteoporosis treatment by regulating bone homeostasis, mitigating inflammation through modulating the YAP.
研究领域:
药理学
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骨生物学
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信号通路研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2025
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IF 5.4
Xin Zheng,Xinyi Tang,Yinan Xu,Haiyan Zhu,Lianwei Zhong,Chen Chen,Jiajun Cui,Jie Zhou
Ethnopharmacological relevance The seed of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd., also known as Suoluozi in China, is a traditional Chinese herb included in the Pharmacopoeia of China (2020). Sodium aescinate (SA) is derived from the Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.’s seeds and is extensively used in clinical practice. Aim of the study The study investigated the involvement of the Nrf2/CTH pathway in SA-induced hepatotoxicity and explored potential strategies for alleviating SA-induced liver damage. Materials and methods The ICR mice and AML12 mouse hepatocytes were exposed to SA. The levels of Fe 2+ , cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), ROS, lipid peroxides and caspase-3 activity were assessed. The effects of SA on signaling pathways related to ferroptosis and apoptosis were examined. Furthermore, genetic modification or agonists of Nrf2 and CTH were co-treated with SA. Results SA triggered ferroptosis and apoptosis in AML12 cells and mouse livers, characterized by a decline in Cys, GSH, and H 2 S levels, as well as accumulation of Fe 2+ , ROS and lipid peroxides, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chromatin condensation. SA decreased Nrf2, CTH, and Bcl-2 levels, elevated Bax levels, and activated caspase-9/3. Overexpression of Nrf2 or CTH, or NAC supplementation alleviated SA-induced ferroptosis by upregulating Cys and GSH levels. Overexpression of Nrf2 or CTH, or NaHS supplementation increased H 2 S levels, which reduced the interaction between p616-Drp1 and VDAC1 by enhancing Drp1 S-sulfenylation, thereby alleviating SA-induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, DMF or Met mitigated SA-induced hepatotoxicity by activating the Nrf2/CTH pathway. Conclusions SA triggers oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and ferroptosis, ultimately leading to liver damage by suppressing the Nrf2/CTH pathway.
研究领域:
药理学
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分子生物学
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医学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
·
2018
·Vol. 57
·期 3
·265-271
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IF 1.037
Pan Conglei,Lü Haitao
An efficient method for the preparative separation of quercetin, ombuin and kaempferide from Gynostemma pentaphyllum by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) was successfully developed for the first time. The extraction conditions were optimized by an orthogonal array design L9 (34), while quercetin, ombuin and kaempferide were efficiently released from rutin, ombuoside and kaempferide glucoside by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis, respectively. Quercetin was purified by HSCCC with two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (4:5:4:5, v/v) in a single run. From 164.7 mg of the crude extract, 90.5 mg quercetin at 99.23% purity was obtained. Ombuin and kaempferide were purified by HSCCC with two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (8:2:5:5, v/v) in a single run. From 50 mg of the crude extract, 0.4 mg of ombuin at 95.46% purity and 1.1 mg of kaempferide at 98.78% purity were obtained, respectively. Their structures were identified by ultraviolet, Fourier transform infrared, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13C NMR spectra. The purified quercetin had the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activities.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药物化学
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分离科学
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DOI
高影响因子
FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
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2021
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IF 2.775
Maolin Li,Yumin Liu,Mengya Li,Zeren Shang,Mingdi Liu,Dandan Han
The solubility of kaempferol monohydrate (KFM) in five mono-solvents (ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol) and three binary solvents (ethanol + water, 1-propanol + water, 2-propanol + water) was measured by gravimetric method from 283.15 K to 323.15 K at the pressure of 0.1 MPa. It is concluded that solubility of KFM is a function of temperature and solvent composition. Statistical method was used to analyze the impact of physicochemical parameters of solvents on solubility of KFM, indicating that comprehensive factors, such as the hydrogen bonding donor capacity and cohesive energy density would influence on solubility of KFM. In addition, the COSMO-RS model was used to explore the effects of solvent-solute interactions on solubility of KFM. Further, the solubility data was correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, and van't Hoff equation, in which the modified Apelblat equation showed the best correlation result. In the final, the apparent thermodynamic properties ( Δ sol H 0 , Δ sol G 0 , Δ sol S 0 ) of KFM were derived through the van't Hoff equation, demonstrating the dissolution process of KFM in the selected solvents was endothermic. We hope the solubility of KFM determined in this work provides data can support for its further purification.
研究领域:
化学工程
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药学
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DOI
高影响因子
Foods
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2023
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2326
·
IF 5.2
Juan Liu,Yongling Lu,Bo Si,Anqi Tong,Yang Lu,Lishuang Lv
Acrolein (ACR) is a toxic unsaturated aldehyde that is produced during food thermal processing. Here, we investigated the synergistic effect of polyphenols in binary, ternary, and quaternary combinations on ACR by the Chou–Talalay method, and then explored the synergistic effect of cardamonin (CAR), alpinetin (ALP), and pinocembrin (PIN) in fixed proportion fromAlpinia katsumadaiHayata (AKH) combined with curcumin (CUR) in the model, and roasted pork using LC–MS/MS. Our results showed that their synergistic effect depended on the intensification of their individual trapping ACR activities, which resulted in the formation of more ACR adducts. In addition, by adding 1% AKH (as the carrier of CAR, ALP, and PIN) and 0.01% CUR (vs. 6% AKH single) as spices, more than 71.5% (vs. 54.0%) of ACR was eliminated in roast pork. Our results suggested that selective complex polyphenols can synergistically remove the toxic ACR that is produced in food processing.Keywords:acrolein;cardamonin;alpinetin;pinocembrin;Alpinia katsumadaiHayata;curcumin
研究领域:
食品科学
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药理学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
·
2025
·
IF 5.2
Dazhen Zhang,Xinzhe Qu,Fuchao Chu,Zhenxin Wang,Jie Mou,Feng Yuan
Background Heterotopic ossification (HO) is characterized by abnormal bone formation outside the skeleton following injury or inherited disease, leading to limb dysfunction and neurological deficits. Current treatment options for HO are largely ineffective. Methods A network pharmacological analysis was conducted to identify the active ingredients and protein targets in Astragalus and Cinnamon Twig Five-Substance Decoction (ACTFSD) on HO. Protein-protein interaction analysis and Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis were used to investigate the key genes associated with the target proteins. Molecular docking was employed to validate the interactions between the core components and targets of ACTFSD. Kaempferol was encapsulated in liposomes synthesized via the thin-film dispersion method. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of kaempferol liposomes. Results Kaempferol, an active ingredient in ACTFSD, effectively inhibits the PTGS2\ NF-κB pathway, regulates macrophage immune responses, and reduces cytokine released by macrophages induce abnormal osteogenesis in tendon stem cells (TDSCs), thereby slowing the formation of HO. Kaempferol liposomes demonstrate better therapeutic effect than kaempferol alone. Conclusion This study indicates that targeting macrophages may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for HO. Furthermore, kaempferol liposomes appear to be a promising treatment for trauma-induced HO. These findings provide potential new directions for future HO treatment strategies.
研究领域:
医学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
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2025
·
IF 3.8
Jiajia Chen,Huanle Liu,Yanfang Fu,Xiaolan Chen,Shiqin Zhang,Yongqi Yang,Shengwen Li,Guixiang Wang,Tian Lan
Background Chronic liver inflammation is a major cause of death in patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, which pose a serious health threat worldwide, and there is no effective anti-hepatic fibrosis drug. Kaempferol (KA), a flavonoid polyphenol extracted from many edible plants and traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities and has an ameliorating effect on liver fibrosis or other fibroproliferative diseases. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of KA-reversed macrophage M1 polarization is still obscure. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of KA on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced liver fibrosis in mice through M1 polarization. Methods C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with CCl 4 twice weekly to induce liver fibrosis. Male mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5): the oil group, the CCl 4 group, the low-dose KA-treatment CCl 4 group (50 mg/kg/d KA), and the high-dose KA-treatment CCl 4 group (100 mg/kg/d KA). An equal amount of solvent was given to each group by intraperitoneal injection. Results The results indicated that KA decreased liver pathologic changes, hepatic macrophage recruitment, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Notably, it reduced the activation of M1-type macrophages in the liver. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and genes associated with M1 macrophages, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was also decreased. The core targets, signaling pathways, and possible mechanisms related to the M1 polarization of KA were analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Further analysis revealed that KA regulated MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Finally, the results indicated that KA regulates M1 macrophage activation by modulating the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Conclusions This study revealed that KA ameliorated liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization through the MAPK/NF-ҡB signaling pathway, highlighting KA as a potential novel agent for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
研究领域:
药理学
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肝脏病学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Separations
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2023
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·515
·
IF 2.6
Xiaodong Wang,Wenhao Wang,Qinggui Lei,Zhengming Qian,Wenbin Deng
This study aims to develop a fast and eco-friendly liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the determination of aesculin and aesculetin in Cortex Fraxini. Ultrapure water was used as the solvent during the microwave-assisted extraction process to prepare the Cortex Fraxini sample. This extraction method reduces the cost of the harmful solvent (only ultrapure water was used) and microwave extraction time (1 min). The LC separation was conducted using an Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 EC-C18column (2.1 mm × 30 mm, 2.7 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile (90:10,v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Isocratic elution was employed, and the analytes were detected by MS. Through careful optimization and selection of LC-MS conditions, the analysis time was reduced to 1 min, demonstrating the method’s efficiency. The developed method was validated and exhibited excellent specificity, linearity, limit, precision, accuracy, and stability in quantifying aesculin and aesculetin in the Cortex Fraxini samples. The analysis result revealed the presence of aesculin (ranging from 3.55 to 18.8 mg/g) and aesculetin (ranging from 1.01 to 16.2 mg/g) in all ten batches of Cortex Fraxini samples. Compared to the reported LC methods, this approach substantially reduces the total analysis time and requires a minuscule volume of organic solvents. An “Analytical Eco-Scale” assessment was used to evaluate the different assay methods of Cortex Fraxini. The current LC-MS method scored an impressive 90; it was better than the other four reports’ LC methods. Thus, the developed LC-MS method is rapid and green, which is helpful for the quality evaluation of Cortex Fraxini.Keywords:LC-MS;Cortex Fraxini;aesculin;aesculetin;green;fast
研究领域:
药学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2013
·Vol. 5
·期 10
·2591-2601
·
IF 1.855
Xiaojie Liu,Xiu Huang,Yuzhi Wang,Songyun Huang,Xiao Lin
An ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction (IL-MAE) technique has been successfully developed for the simultaneous effective extraction of quercetin and kaempferol from Toona sinensis and Rosa chinensis which are Chinese medicinal plants. Twenty different types of ionic liquids (ILs) with different cations and anions have been synthesized and investigated. Several significant operating parameters of IL-MAE were optimized by a series of single factor experiments and orthogonal design L9 (34) experiments, respectively. Compared with ionic liquid-based maceration extraction (IL-ME), ionic liquid-based heat extraction (IL-HE) and ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE), the optimized approach was demonstrated as the optimal technique with the highest extraction efficiency and the shortest extraction time. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with ultraviolet-detection (UV-DAD) was employed for the simultaneous analysis of kaempferol and quercetin. The results indicated that the extraction amounts of quercetin from Toona sinensis extracted using [Bmim]Br and from Rosa chinensis extracted using [Omim]Br were 176.5 mg g−1 with RSD 1.2% and 134.3 mg g−1 with RSD 0.63%. And the extraction amounts of kaempferol from Toona sinensis extracted using [Bmim]Br and from Rosa chinensis extracted using [Omim]Br were 16.12 mg g−1 with RSD 0.24% and 9.070 mg g−1 with RSD 0.15%. The developed approach for analyzing quercetin was linear between the concentrations of 32.10 mg L−1 to 233.3 mg L−1 in Toona sinensis and 25.70 mg L−1 to 160.5 mg L−1 in Rosa chinensis with the regression coefficients (R) of 0.9998 and 0.9999, respectively. And for kaempferol, the developed approach was linear between the concentrations of 0.73 mg L−1 to 23.20 mg L−1 in Toona sinensis and 0.19 mg L−1 to 15.00 mg L−1 in Rosa chinensis with the regression coefficients (R) of 0.9993 and 0.9996, respectively. The recoveries of quercetin extracted by the developed methods were 96.76–104.1% in Toona sinensis and 98.40–103.3% in Rosa chinensis, and the recoveries of kaempferol were 95.75–106.3% in Toona sinensis and 98.55–102.9% in Rosa chinensis with the RSDs of lower than 3.0%. The LODs were 1.87–2.26 μg mL−1. The microstructures and chemical structures of these two researched samples before and after different extraction procedures were also investigated.
研究领域:
植物学
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分析化学
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药学
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2015
·
IF 3.391
Xi Peng,Guowen Zhang,Yijing Liao,Deming Gong
α-Glucosidase is a therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus, and α-glucosidase inhibitors play a vital role in the treatments for the disease. As a kind of potentially safer α-glucosidase inhibitor, flavonoids have attached much attention currently. In this study, kaempferol was found to show a notable inhibition activity on α-glucosidase in a mixed-type manner with IC 50 value of (1.16 ± 0.04) × 10 −5 mol L −1 . Analyses of fluorescence, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that kaempferol bound to α-glucosidase with high affinity which was mainly driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, and this binding resulted in conformational alteration of α-glucosidase. Further molecular docking study validated the experimental results. It was proposed that kaempferol may interact with some amino acid residues located within the active site of α-glucosidase, occupying the catalytic center of the enzyme to avoid the entrance of p-nitrophenyl-α- d -glucopyranoside and ultimately inhibiting the enzyme activity.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Food Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 1.6
Danni Song,Changqing Xie,Rong Yang,Aijinxiu Ma,Honghui Zhao,Fengmao Zou,Xiangrong Zhang,Xu Zhao
Kaempferol (KPF) is a flavonoid compound, which has a variety of pharmacological activities, and widely exists in daily diet. However, its application is limited due to poor solubility. Citric acid (CA) is a common food additive with high solubility. In this study, solid dispersion (SD) was prepared with CA as the carrier to improve the solubility of KPF. KPF-CA-SD (weight ratio 1:20) was obtained by ultrasonic for 20 min at 40 °C. The in vitro dissolution of KPF in SD was increased from about 50% to more than 80%. The physicochemical characterizations were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope. In hyperuricemia mice, KPF-SD (equivalent to 100 mg/kg KPF) can effectively reduce serum uric acid and exert nephroprotective effects. In conclusion, the preparation of SD with CA might provide a safe and effective selection to facilitate application of KPF in food and medicine.
研究领域:
药剂学
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食品科学
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医学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）