Frontiers in Veterinary Science
·
2025
·
IF 2.9
Jie Luo,Yiping Wang,Wenya Zheng,Chaolong Xu,Jianhua Chen,Ben Liu,Xiaoyue Wang,Manxin Fang
Introduction Mastitis outbreaks in dairy goats at a farm in western Jiangxi Province, have recently imposed significant economic losses on farmers. This study aimed to identify the causative pathogen and implement targeted control measures for early disease eradication. Methods Pathological autopsy was performed on diseased goats submitted for examination. Pathological mammary gland tissues and milk cistern fluid were collected aseptically for bacterial isolation and purification. The isolated pathogen was characterized through colony morphology observation, Gram staining, biochemical tests, and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Pathogenicity was assessed using an animal challenge test in mice. In vitro antibacterial susceptibility testing was conducted using 30 Antibiotics (e.g., cefradine, cephalexin, cefuroxime), 18 Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs; e.g., Rhus chinensis (Galla Chinensis), Coptis chinensis (Chinese Goldthread), Punica granatum (Granati Pericarpium)), and 15 phytogenic extracts (e.g., Berberine, Gallic acid, Tannic acid). Results A Gram-positive bacterium was isolated from the diseased tissues. Biochemical profiling and 16S rDNA sequencing identified the isolate as Staphylococcus caprae . The animal challenge test confirmed the isolate’s strong pathogenicity in mice. Susceptibility testing indicated that the isolate was susceptible to Antibiotics such as cefradine, cephalexin, cefuroxime, and ciprofloxacin, while showing the poorest susceptibility to penicillin among the tested antibiotics. Among the CHMs and phytogenic extracts, Rhus chinensis (Galla Chinensis), Coptis chinensis (Chinese Goldthread), Punica granatum (Granati Pericarpium), Berberine, Gallic acid and Tannic acid demonstrated superior antibacterial efficacy. Discussion This study provides multiple therapeutic and preventive options (CHMs, Antibiotics, phytogenic extracts) for mastitis control on this farm. It also offers valuable insights into the identification and treatment of mastitis in dairy goats, contributing to safeguarding goat health and ensuring dairy product safety.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
·
2016
·Vol. 174
·期 1
·85-92
·
IF 1.798
Zhou Sihui,Zhang Caiying,Xiao Qingyang,Zhuang Yu,Gu Xiaolong,Yang Fan,Xing Chenghong,Hu Guoliang,Cao Huabin
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element for animals and human beings. However, the negative effects on rumen function and distribution of trace elements in tissues induced by excessive Mo have not been well understood. Therefore, the purpose of present study was to investigate the impact of Mo on rumen microbiota, distribution of trace elements in various organs, and hematological parameters of goats. A total of 36 goats were randomly distributed into three groups with equal number and low-Mo and high-Mo groups were orally administered ammonium molybdate at 15 and 45 mg · Mo · kg −1 · BW respectively, while the control group received corresponding quantitative deionized water. The results showed that the total number of ciliate and protozoa protein concentration decreased significantly ( P < 0.01) on days 25 and 50. Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and bacterial protein were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in low-Mo group, while they were lower ( P < 0.05) in high-Mo group than the control group on days 25 and 50. In addition, Mo accumulated in serum and all detected tissues. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) contents significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) in hair and serum on days 25 and 50, while Cu contents increased ( P < 0.05) and the change of Zn contents were not obvious ( P > 0.05) in other tissues on days 25 and 50. Besides, there was no obvious variation in iron (Fe) contents during whole experiment period ( P > 0.05). Furthermore, excessive Mo content had no significant effect on red blood cell (RBC) counts and hemoglobin (HGB) concentration ( P > 0.05) on days 25 and 50, while white blood cell (WBC) counts increased significantly ( P < 0.05) on day 50. These results indicated that excessive Mo content could impact the balance of ruminal microorganisms and interfere with the absorption and distribution of Mo and Cu mainly.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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微生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 14
·2087
·
IF 5.561
Huiquan Zhu,Xiaodan Wang,Wenyuan Zhang,Yumeng Zhang,Shuwen Zhang,Xiaoyang Pang,Jing Lu,Jiaping Lv
The objective of this study was to detect the influence of dietary Schizochytrium microalgae on milk composition, milk fatty acids, and milk sn-2 fatty acids in goat’s milk. Firstly, we could see that the fat content increased in low microalgae supplementation goat’s milk (LM, 15 g/day) and the lactose content decreased in medium microalgae supplementation goat’s milk (MM, 25 g/day) compared with control goat’s milk (C, 0 g/day). Moreover, the absolute concentration of the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of LM, MM, and high microalgae supplementation (HM, 35 g/day) goat’s milk was 29.485, 32.351, and 24.817 mg/100 g raw milk, respectively, which were all higher than that in the control goat’s milk with 4.668 mg/100 g raw milk. In addition, the sn-2 DHA content increased in MM and HM goat’s milk. However, the decreasing trend of the sn-2 DHA content was observed in LM goat’s milk. As for other fatty acids, the oleic acid (C18:1n9c) and linolenic acid (C18:3n3) content decreased and increased, respectively, in all experimental goat milk. Finally, an interesting phenomenon was found, which was that docosanoic acid (C22:0) and tetracosenic acid (C24:1) were only detected in test goat’s milk. Consequently, the phenomena of this study demonstrated that dietary Schizochytrium microalgae have an obvious effect on the fatty acid and sn-2 fatty acid profile of goat’s milk, and they provide an effective method to improve the content of goat’s milk DHA in practical production.Keywords:microalgae;DHA;absolute concentration;sn-2 fatty acids;goat milk
研究领域:
动物营养学
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食品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 4.4
Si-Lu Wang,Jie Yu,Jian-Xi Song,Qing-Fan Meng,Zhuo-Rui Zhang,Gui-Quan Jiang
Amelanchier alnifolia polysaccharides (AAP) were isolated and purified and gave three sequential fractions, AAP1, AAP2 and AAP3. AAP3 was further separated and purified by cellulose chromatography to give three polysaccharide fractions, AAP3-I, AAP3-II and AAP3-III. A polysaccharide (AAP3-Ⅰ) with a molecular weight of 1.64 × 10 6 Da was mainly composed of rhamnose , glucose, galactose , xylose and arabinose . The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and DEAE-Cellulose-52 column elution results indicated that AAP3-Ⅰ is a neutral polysaccharide. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that purified polysaccharide molecules are of higher purity and are in reticulated aggregates. AAP3-I exists in an entangled triple helix conformation. In vitro antioxidant assays showed that all three fractions had good, concentration-dependent, antioxidant properties. The antioxidant capacity was in the order AAP1 < AAP2 < AAP3. Therefore, AAP3 could serve as a potential natural antioxidant to prevent aging.
研究领域:
植物学
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生物化学
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食品科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2020
·
IF 4.192
Yu Lu,Wanjun Jin,Yuerong Yang,Yue Jia,Lujia Sun,Jie Liu,Langhong Wang,Fuxing Zhang,Wupeng Ge,Jiansheng Wang,Linjuan Huang,Zhongfu Wang
Goat milk oligosaccharides are complex carbohydrates with a variety of biological functions. Free oligosaccharides from goat milk show more similarity to human milk than cow milk. At present, changes in goat milk glycoconjugates at different parities remain poorly studied. Herein, we qualitatively and quantitatively compared the goat milk glycoprotein N/O-glycome at different parities using a stable isotope labeling followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and online hydrophilic interaction chromatography. N-Glycans were mainly fucosylated and nonfucosylated nonsialylated, and both fucosylation and sialylation gradually increased with parity, amounting (at the third parity) to 1.25 times and 3.3 times those of the first parity, respectively. O-Glycans were mostly nonfucosylated and nonsialylated, and sialylation increased with increasing parity, and Neu5Ac-sialylated was up to 9 times higher in the third parity than in the first parity, whereas Neu5Gc-sialylated was 5.5 times higher. This study provides a reference for exploring an alternative milk source closest to human milk and for the development of humanized formula milk.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
·
营养学
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DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·852
·
IF 5.1
Lirong Zhu,Zixuan Fan,Wenhao Li,Yuanyuan Shan
Due to their markedly distinct protein compositions and structures, goat milk and cow milk display substantially different characteristics. In this study, the quality and composition of goat milk and cow milk were studied after being refrigerated at 4 °C for 7 days, with a particular focus on protein oxidation and aggregation states. The results revealed that alongside increases in acidity, microbial colony count, and hydrolysis, there was a significant change in the protein aggregation state beginning on the second day. This change was characterized by increased turbidity, an elevated centrifugal sedimentation rate, and a right-shifted particle size distribution. After seven days of refrigeration, the centrifugal sedimentation rate of goat milk increased from 0.53% to 0.97%, whereas that of cow milk rose from 0.41% to 0.58%. The degree of aggregation was significantly greater in goat milk compared to cow milk. Additionally, both protein and lipids exhibited substantial oxidation, with the degree of oxidation more pronounced in goat milk than in cow milk. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased from 0.047 μg/mL to 0.241 μg/mL in goat milk and from 0.058 μg/mL to 0.178 μg/mL in cow milk. The results suggest that goat milk was more prone to oxidation, which further reduced its stability. Therefore, in the storage and transportation of dairy products before processing, it is essential not only to monitor sanitary conditions but also to effectively control protein oxidation to enhance the quality of milk processing.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2018
·Vol. 47
·期 6
·2420-2431
·
IF 5.5
Zhu Zhendong,Li Rongnan,Ma Gongzhen,Bai Wenjing,Fan Xiaoteng,Lv Yinghua,Luo Jun,Zeng Wenxian
Background/Aims: ATP is essential for mammalian sperm to survive and maintain fertilizing capacity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status. The aims of the present study were to explore the localization of AMPK in goat sperm and to investigate whether and how AMPK regulates sperm functions in vitro. Methods: Sperm were treated with AMPK modulators (AICAR, metformin and Compound C) during incubation. Sperm motility was assessed with a computer-assisted spermatozoa analysis system (CASA). Membrane integrity, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial membrane potentials were detected by SYBR-14/PI, FITC-PNA and JC-1 staining, respectively. And the lactate content, ATP content, AMPK activity, activity of pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured with the commercial assay kits. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the distribution of PK, LDH, AMPK and phospho-Thr172-AMPK in sperm. The role of AMPK was further studied during induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. Results: We found that AMPKα was localized in the entire acrosomal region, the midpiece and the flagellum, while the phospho-Thr172-AMPK was distributed in the head, the midpiece and flagellum. Activation of AMPK by AICAR and metformin significantly improved sperm motility, membrane integrity and acrosome reaction, largely maintained sperm mitochondrial membrane potentials, lactate content and ATP content, and enhanced the activity of AMPK, PK and LDH, whereas inhibition by Compound C triggered the converse effects. Moreover, PK was localized in the acrosomal area and the midpiece, while LDH was distributed in the tail. Induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction led to AMPK phosphorylation. AMPK phosphorylation regulated the activity of energetic enzymes. Conclusion: This study for the first time provides evidence that AMPK governs goat sperm functions through energy metabolism in vitro. This finding will help to improve assisted reproductive techniques in goats and the other species
研究领域:
生殖生物学
·
分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animal Nutrition
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Qingyan Yin,Xingwei Jiang,Huifeng Liu,Peiyue Wang,Xiaodong Su,Jun Zhang,Xinjian Lei,Junhu Yao
An essential function carried out by bile acids (BA) is to aid in lipid absorption, as they emulsify lipids and combine with them to form chylomicrons. While BA have been utilized as lipid emulsifiers in monogastric and aquatic animals, their impact on ruminants remains relatively unexplored. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of BA on the lipid absorption of lactating dairy goats. In experiment 1, twelve lactating goats with similar days in milk (42 ± 2 d), body weight (46.2 ± 5.1 kg), and milk yield (1.62 ± 0.33 kg) were administered four BA doses (0, 1, 2, or 4 g/d) to explore the effects of BA supplementation. The results observed a positive correlation between the BA dose and plasma total bile acid concentration ( P < 0.001). Notably, when goats received BA, there was a trend of increase in the proportion of preformed fatty acids in milk ( P = 0.079). In experiment 2, eighteen lactating goats with similar days in milk (100 ± 6 d), body weight (45.0 ± 3.7 kg), and milk yield (1.60 ± 0.31 kg) were divided into two groups (HF and HFB): HF group received no BA, while HFB group received BA (4 g/d). Both the groups were fed diets with fat powder supplementation (1% of dry material) for 5 weeks. BA supplementation led to a significant increase in milk yield ( P = 0.024) and fat concentration ( P = 0.045). Meanwhile, there was a significant rise of total bile acid concentration in plasma ( P < 0.001), rumen ( P < 0.001) and feces ( P < 0.001). Additionally, BA supplementation had a significant impact on blood metabolism, up-regulating 241 metabolites and down-regulating 208 metabolites ( P < 0.05). BA supplementation also altered the correlations among various plasma lipid components ( P < 0.05). In fatty acid (FA) analysis, 26 different FA were detected, out of which 16 showed significant down-regulation upon BA supplementation ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, BA supplementation positively influenced lactating dairy goats, particularly when fed diets with fat powder supplementation. BA supplementation enhanced milk yield, improved milk fat concentration, and significantly altered lipid-related blood metabolism. These findings suggest that BA supplementation could be a valuable strategy for enhancing dairy production and lipid metabolism in dairy goats, offering potential benefits for the dairy industry.
研究领域:
动物营养学
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生物化学
·
乳品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
·
2014
·
IF 2.55
C.J. Yang,W. Ding,L.J. Ma,R. Jia
An electronic nose based on metal oxide sensors was used to measure goaty flavor in goat milk samples. To study the relationships between electronic nose data, sensory data, and levels of free fatty acids (FFA), multivariate partial least square regression (PLS) was carried out. The electronic nose system evaluation correlated well with sensory evaluation. The coefficients of determination (R 2 ) of the PLS models reached 90.0%. The electronic nose, combined with principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis, can discern among goat milk samples with different goaty flavor intensities. In addition, Fisher discriminant analysis and back-propagation neural network were carried out to evaluate goaty flavor intensity, and the prediction accuracies were 98.2 and 100.0%, respectively. The electronic nose is a potentially useful tool to evaluate goaty flavor intensity in goat milk samples.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animal Bioscience
·
2025
·Vol. 38
·期 7
·1356
·
IF 2.5
Jipan Zhang,Ziyi Chen,Siyuan Zhang,Guoqiu Li,Xingqiang Fang,Yongju Zhao
Objective Improving total hair follicle density (THFD) can directly result in increased fiber yield in cashmere goats. However, its phenotypic and genetic characteristics remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and associated genes of THFD in goats. Methods A large-scale histological image analysis was conducted on 791 skin samples to characterize the spatial distribution of THFD at the local-site (n = 7), body-side (32 sites, n = 224), and whole-body (14 sites, n = 560) levels. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing was performed on 18 skin samples to identify genes associated with THFD. Results The unique structure of the hair follicle group leads to an uneven distribution of hair follicles, resulting variation in THFD at the local-site. THFD exhibited a gradient pattern throughout the body, characterized by elevated values in the scapular region and decreased values in the abdominal region. THFD showed uneven distribution across the whole-body, with a consistent pattern observed in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats, Dazu black goats and their F1 hybrids (DBG♂ × IMCG♀). Through the integration of differential gene expression analysis, trend analysis, weighted correlation network analysis, Venn analysis, and literature review, four core genes ( GJA1 , DSP , CDH3 , and PER1 ) were identified. These genes showed high and specific expression in skin tissue and demonstrated a significant response to changes in THFD. Conclusion This study thoroughly characterized the spatial variation of THFD at the local-site, body-side, and whole-body levels in order to gain a better understanding of genetic characterization, associated genes and spatial variation. Additionally, we have identified four genes that are associated with THFD. These findings provide an important reference for the subsequent development and utilization of THFD genes in cashmere goats.
研究领域:
生物学
·
遗传学
·
畜牧学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Junmei Luo,Shufeng Bo,Yanan Qin,Qingda An,Zuoyi Xiao,Shangru Zhai
The excessive discharge of goat manure has placed a serious burden on the environment and accordingly how to transform this type of waste into functional materials is of practical significance yet remains challenging. Herein, surface-loaded cobalt/biochar (Co-GMC-900) was successfully prepared for the first time by carbonizing Co-impregnated goat manure waste. The Co-GMC-900 exhibited excellent performance in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP), which could remove 96.5% of CIP within 30 min. Additionally, in the cycle experiments, the Co-GMC-900 presented robust stability due to the synergy of excellent magnetism, inherent ellipsoid of goat manure and strengthened interactions between cobalt nanoparticles and graphitized biochar network. In the light of a series of characterization analyses, carbonization temperature played a crucial role in tailoring the physicochemical properties (crystal structure, graphitized degree, the ratio of C=O groups and specific surface area) of composites. Based on detected active species, radical process (SO 4 •− , • OH and O 2 •− ) in conjunction with the non-radical process ( 1 O 2 and charge transfer) resulted in the CIP degradation, in which the radical process mainly contributed to the degradation process, and Co 0 played a leading role in the radical process. Favorably, this work might provide great promise for utilizing goat manure waste in a valuable manner and simultaneously achieving environmental remediation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Jing-Yan Li,Qian Ge,Bin Liu,Zhen-Peng Gao,Chun-Feng Guo
This study aimed to develop a non-protein-based method for quantify cow milk in adulterated goat milk. The raw cow milk and raw goat milk samples were mixed separately with the same volume of cold acetone and centrifuged to remove their proteins. The supernatants were evaporated, and the residues were derivatized by silylation followed by GC-MS analysis. N-acetylglucosamine was identified as a thermostable non-protein biomarker of cow milk. Its concentration in the raw cow milk (146.7 mg/L) was 32 times higher than that in the raw goat milk. On this basis, a HPLC-MS/MS method using positive-ion electrospray ionization in parallel reaction monitoring mode was developed for quantifying cow milk in adulterated goat milk by determining peak area of the biomarker. The method showed good linearity over cow milk concentrations of 1–100% and could detect as low as 0.3% cow milk in adulterated goat milk. Besides, the method was characterized by a simple sample pretreatment process, rapid detection, high accuracy, and high precision. With this method, a sample could be analyzed in 10 min. The present study demonstrated the feasibility of quantifying cow milk in adulterated goat milk using N-acetylglucosamine as a biomarker of cow milk.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）