PLoS One
·
2021
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·e0257236
·
IF 3.24
Zong He Zhu,Abdul Sami,Qing Qing Xu,Ling Ling Wu,Wen Yin Zheng,Zhi Peng Chen,Xue Zhi Jin,Hong Zhang,Yong Li,Yan Yu,Ke Jin Zhou
The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of seed priming. This was done by soaking the seeds of two rapeseed cultivars, namely, ZY15 (tolerant to low temperature and drought) and HY49 (sensitive to low temperature and drought), for 12 h in varying solutions: distilled water, 138 mg/L salicylic acid (SA), 300 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA), 89.4 mg/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP), 3000 mg/L calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), and 30 mg/L abscisic acid (ABA). Primed and non-primed seeds were left to germinate at 15°C and -0.15 MPa (T 15 W 15 ) and at 25°C and 0 MPa (T 25 W 0 ), respectively. The results showed that SA, GA, SNP, CaCl 2 , and ABA significantly improved the germination potential (GP), germination rate (GR), germination index (GI), stem fresh weight (SFW), stem dry weight (SDW), root length (RL), stem length (SL), and seed vigor index (SVI) under T 15 W 15 . For ZY15 seeds under T 25 W 0 , GA, SNP, CaCl 2 , and ABA priming reduced the average germination time (96% after 5 days) compared to that of the control (88% after 5 days). For ZY15 seeds under T 15 W 15 , SA, SNP, CaCl 2 , and ABA priming, with respect to the control and water-treated groups, shortened the average germination time (92% after 5 days) compared to that of the control (80% after 5 days). For HY49 seeds under T 25 W 0 , GA, SNP, CaCl 2 , and ABA priming reduced the average germination time (92% after 5 days) compared to that of the control (85% after 5 days). Similarly, for HY49 seeds under T 15 W 15 , GA priming shortened the average germination time (89% after 5 days) compared to that of the control (83% after 5 days). These priming agents increased the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductivity, and transpiration rate of rape seedlings under conditions of low temperature and drought stress, while also decreasing intercellular carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations. Additionally, SA, GA, SNP, CaCl 2 , and ABA increased superoxide dismutase concentrations (SOD) and ascorbic peroxidase (APX) activities of rape seedlings under stress conditions, while decreasing catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities in ZY15 seedlings. In HY49, which is sensitive to low temperature and drought, all priming solutions, except for SNP, led to an increase in SOD activity levels and a decrease in CAT activity levels. Overall, SA, GA, SNP, and CaCl 2 increased the concentrations of indoleacetic acid (IAA), GA, ABA, and cytokinin (CTK) in seedlings under stress conditions. Moreover, compared to SA, CaCl 2 , and ABA, GA (300 mg/L) and SNP (300 mol/L) showed improved priming effects for ZY15 and HY49 under stress conditions.
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 9.7
Leilei Lu,Gen Li,Nianpeng He,Huixin Li,Ting Liu,Xianping Li,Joann K. Whalen,Stefan Geisen,Manqiang Liu
Drought events are increasingly affecting the planet's biodiversity. While shrinking body size in response to drought has been observed in many vertebrate animals, whether this rule applies to microscopic animals and the mechanisms during this process remains largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a regional-scale investigation and a microcosm experiment to systematically evaluate the impact of drought stress on the body size of the most abundant soil animals on Earth – nematodes – across various biological scales, including community, population and individual levels. Our results showed that nematode body size declined with drought stress at all biological scales, including a community shift toward smaller-sized species, a smaller body size at the population scale, and a decrease in size-at-age of individuals. Additionally, we designed a Petri dish experiment to examine the reversible plasticity of body size under drought stress using a drought-tolerant nematode species. We found that while nematode body size could not be fully reversed when drought stress was alleviated in the offspring generation, offspring from parents that experienced severe drought conditions could acquire tolerance, leading to a relatively smaller reduction in overall body size compared to those from parents that suffered no or light drought conditions. Overall, our study suggests that the increasing frequency of drought events at the global scale will lead to a reduction in soil nematode body size, potentially causing far-reaching consequences for additional changes in the climate, as well as nutrient cycling in soils.
研究领域:
生态学
·
土壤科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·1489
·
IF 3.949
Kai Yao,Yanqing Wang,Yanyou Wu
Little is known about the competition between and niche differentiation of water and nutrients between angiosperm and gymnosperm tree species under prolonged drought stress, especially in fragile environments. We imposed 21 d drought and competition treatments onBroussonetia papyriferaandPlatycladus orientalisand measured water, N, and P contents, the isotopic composition of N and C, the activity of P assimilation enzymes, and stomatal conductance under solo planting and mixed planting to characterize resource diversity and competition in response to treatments. The N content, δ13C, δ15N, phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase,gs, and foliage water content were significantly affected by the soil water content. The δ15N content in young leaves showed that N competition between these two plants could be alleviated through niche differentiation, but the changes in the PDE: PME ratio for these two plants indicated that they lost the niche differentiation of the P source under drought stress. Additionally, it was observed that foliage water content, WUE, N contents, and N and P sources were significantly affected by interspecific competition, andBroussonetia papyriferabenefited from water competition under moderate drought. Our results indicate that plants have different competition and niche differentiation modes to different nutrients under drought stress, and the effect of interspecific water competition should be seriously considered in mixed forests in semiarid areas.Keywords:angiosperm;gymnosperm;interspecific competition;water stress;stable isotopic
研究领域:
植物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Plants-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2296
·
IF 4.5
Ying Qi,Lingling Ma,Muhammad Imran Ghani,Qiang Peng,Ruidong Fan,Xiaojing Hu,Xiaoyulong Chen
Passion fruit is known to be sensitive to drought, and in order to study the physiological and biochemical changes that occur in passion fruit seedlings under drought stress, a hypertonic polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) was used to simulate drought stress in passion fruit seedlings. We explored the physiological changes in passion fruit seedlings under drought stress induced by PEG to elucidate their response to drought stress and provide a theoretical basis for drought-resistant cultivation of passion fruit seedlings. The results show that drought stress induced by PEG had a significant effect on the growth and physiological indices of passion fruit. Drought stress significantly decreased fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and root vitality. Conversely, the contents of soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro), and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased gradually with the increasing PEG concentration and prolonged stress duration. After nine days, the SP, Pro and MDA contents were higher in passion fruit leaves and roots under 20% PEG treatments compared with the control. Additionally, with the increase in drought time, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) showed an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend, and they reached the highest value at the sixth day of drought stress. After rehydration, SP, Pro and MDA contents in the leaves and roots of passion fruit seedlings was reduced. Among all the stress treatments, 20% PEG had the most significant effect on passion fruit seedlings. Therefore, our study demonstrated sensitive concentrations of PEG to simulate drought stress on passion fruit and revealed the physiological adaptability of passion fruit to drought stress.Keywords:Passiflora edulisSims;drought stress;hypertonic polyethylene glycol;physiological characteristics
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 11
·2711
·
IF 3.3
Wessam A. Abdelrady,Elsayed E. Elshawy,Hassan A. Abdelrahman,Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri,Zakir Ibrahim,Mohamed Mansour,Ibrahim S. El-Degwy,Taha Ghazy,Aziza A. Aboulila,Imran Haider Shamsi
Climate change significantly threatens crops, mainly through drought stress, affecting barley, which is essential for food and feed globally. Ten barley cultivars were evaluated under normal and drought stress conditions during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons, focusing on traits such as days to heading and maturity, plant height, number of spikes m−2, spike length, 1000-kernel weight, and biological and grain yield. Drought stress significantly reduced most of these traits. The genotypes showed significant differences in their responses to irrigation treatments, with the interaction between seasons and cultivars also being significant for most traits. The grain yield and 1000-kernel weight were among the least affected traits under drought stress, respectively. Notably, Giza138 and Giza126 showed strong drought tolerance, suitable for drought-resilient breeding. In season one, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 yielded 13%, 9%, and 11%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 showed higher reductions at 31% and 39%. In season two, Giza126, Giza134, and Giza138 had reductions of 14%, 10%, and 13%, respectively, while Giza135 and Giza129 again exhibited higher reductions at 31% and 38%. These cultivars also showed strong performance across various stress tolerance indices, including the MP, YSI, STI, GMP, and YI. Giza 134 demonstrated the lowest values for the SDI and TOL, indicating superior drought stress tolerance. On the other hand, Giza 129 and Giza 135 were the most sensitive to drought stress, experiencing significant reductions across critical traits, including 6.1% in days to heading, 18.37% in plant height, 28.21% in number of kernel spikes−1, 38.45% in grain yield, and 34.91% in biological yield. In contrast, Giza 138 and Giza 2000 showed better resilience, with lower reductions in the 1000-kernel weight (6.41%) and grain yield (10.61%), making them more suitable for drought-prone conditions. Giza 126 and Giza 132 also exhibited lower sensitivity, with minimal reductions in days to heading (2%) and maturity (2.4%), suggesting potential adaptability to water-limited environments. Giza 126 maintained the highest root lengths and had the highest stomatal conductance. Giza 138 consistently had the highest chlorophyll content, with SPAD values decreasing to 79% under drought. Despite leading in shoot length, Giza 135 decreased to 42.59% under drought stress. In conclusion, Giza 126 and Giza 138 showed adaptability to water-limited conditions with minimal impact on phenological traits. Giza 126 had the longest roots and highest stomatal conductance, while Giza 138 consistently maintained a high chlorophyll content. Together, they and Giza 134 are valuable for breeding programs to improve barley drought tolerance.
研究领域:
作物科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 1.22
Shu Wang,Mei Wei,Bingde Wu,Huiyuan Cheng,Kun Jiang,Congyan Wang
Large amounts of nitrogen (N) enter ecosystems via N deposition. The increased drought stress has incurred serious threats to plant seed germination and seedling growth (SGe-SGr). It is significant to characterize the combined impacts of N deposition and drought stress on SGe-SGr of plants to enable a further explanation of the response mechanism of SGe-SGr to N deposition and drought stress. This study aims to explore the combined impacts of N deposition with a concentration gradient and drought stress (mimicked using PEG 6000) with different levels on SGe-SGr of wheat. N treatment raises seedling growth of wheat mainly due to the increased levels of available N and the decreased level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat. Drought stress declines SGe-SGr of wheat mostly due to the progressively enlarged osmotic pressure triggered by water deficit and the advanced level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat. N treatment regardless of the concentration dramatically mitigates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seedling growth of wheat. This may be owed to the improved competitive ability for sunlight acquisition and leaf photosynthetic area via the deactivation of nutrition limits (wheat can absorb more N nutrients and improve its drought resistance ability) implemented by N addition. This may also due to the down-regulated level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat under the combined N and drought stress. However, the combined treatments of the high level of N supply and light drought stress decline seed germination of wheat. This may be due to the promoted osmotic pressure contributed by the high level of N supply under water deficit. Thus, N deposition mitigates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seedling growth of wheat but aggravates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seed germination of wheat mostly.
研究领域:
植物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Agronomy-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·442
·
IF 3.7
Tian Hao,Zhimin Yang,Jianfeng Liang,Jingjin Yu,Jun Liu
Drought stress is one of the crucial factors affecting plant growth and development in turfgrass species, especially during the summer season. Exogenous plant growth regulators are an effective and convenient approach to mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress on plant growth. The objectives of this study were to reveal the effects of exogenous carnosine or chitosan on turf performance and physiological indexes in bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis×C. dactylon) in response to drought stress. Bermudagrass was foliar sprayed with carnosine or chitosan, and dose-dependent effects on turf quality were observed under drought stress. Under drought stress, foliar application of either carnosine (0.03%) or chitosan (10 mg L−1) significantly increased turf quality, chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content, and decreased electrolyte leakage, malonaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide content in comparison with untreated control in bermudagrass. Moreover, exogenous carnosine treatment significantly enhanced the activities of both catalase and peroxidase, but chitosan application only increased catalase activity. The results of this experiment were beneficial to the development of new plant growth regulators and would provide helpful insights for turf management under drought-stressed conditions.Keywords:bermudagrass;drought stress;carnosine;chitosan;antioxidant enzymes
研究领域:
植物学
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园艺学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANNALS OF BOTANY
·
2023
·Vol. 131
·期 4
·723-736
·
IF 4.2
Li Hu-Jun,Bai Wan-Peng,Liu Lin-Bo,Liu Hai-Shuang,Wei Li,Garant Timothy M,Kalinger Rebecca S,Deng Yu-Xuan,Wang Gai-Ni,Bao Ai-Ke,Ma Qing,Rowland Owen,Wang Suo-Min
Background and AimsDesert plants possess excellent water-conservation capacities to survive in extreme environments. Cuticular wax plays a pivotal role in reducing water loss through plant aerial surfaces. However, the role of cuticular wax in water retention by desert plants is poorly understood.MethodsWe investigated leaf epidermal morphology and wax composition of five desert shrubs from north-west China and characterized the wax morphology and composition for the typical xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum under salt, drought and heat treatments. Moreover, we examined leaf water loss and chlorophyll leaching of Z. xanthoxylum and analysed their relationships with wax composition under the above treatments.Key ResultsThe leaf epidermis of Z. xanthoxylum was densely covered by cuticular wax, whereas the other four desert shrubs had trichomes or cuticular folds in addition to cuticular wax. The total amount of cuticular wax on leaves of Z. xanthoxylum and Ammopiptanthus mongolicus was significantly higher than that of the other three shrubs. Strikingly, C31 alkane, the most abundant component, composed >71 % of total alkanes in Z. xanthoxylum, which was higher than for the other four shrubs studied here. Salt, drought and heat treatments resulted in significant increases in the amount of cuticular wax. Of these treatments, the combined drought plus 45 °C treatment led to the largest increase (107 %) in the total amount of cuticular wax, attributable primarily to an increase of 122 % in C31 alkane. Moreover, the proportion of C31 alkane within total alkanes remained >75 % in all the above treatments. Notably, the water loss and chlorophyll leaching were reduced, which was negatively correlated with C31 alkane content.ConclusionZygophyllum xanthoxylum could serve as a model desert plant for study of the function of cuticular wax in water retention because of its relatively uncomplicated leaf surface and because it accumulates C31 alkane massively to reduce cuticular permeability and resist abiotic stressors.
研究领域:
植物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Sibo Wang,Zhaowen Jiang,Ruixue Chen,Jingbin Duan,Jingsong Guo,Jianing Li,Liang Yang,Xiaoxia Wu,Wei Ji
The translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) represents a multifunctional and evolutionarily conserved protein family in eukaryotes. Despite its biological significance, the genetic characteristics and stress-responsive mechanisms of TCTP remain uncharacterized in soybean. This study identifies GmTCTP2 as a drought-responsive gene showing transcriptional upregulation under PEG-induced dehydration and multiple abiotic stresses. Through comprehensive interaction assays including GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), we demonstrate that GmTCTP2 physically interacts with the SUMO E2 conjugate enzyme GmSCEc. This interaction enables GmTCTP2 SUMOylation at lysine residues 101 and 167, significantly enhancing its protein stability under drought conditions. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the Arabidopsis TCTP mutant Attctp displays drought-sensitive characteristics, which could be fully complemented by wild-type GmTCTP2 but not by its SUMOylation-deficient variant GmTCTP2 K101 , 167R . Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GmTCTP2 exhibited substantially improved drought tolerance through enhanced photosynthetic efficiency, ROS scavenging capacity, and hormonal signaling modulation, as evidenced by physiological assessments and transcriptomic profiling. Our findings establish that GmSCEc-mediated SUMOylation of GmTCTP2 critically contributes to drought stress adaptation, providing both mechanistic insights into TCTP regulation and valuable genetic resources for engineering drought-resistant crops.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子遗传学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2020
·
IF 4.402
Cai Kangfeng,Chen Xiaohui,Han Zhigang,Wu Xiaojian,Zhang Shuo,Li Qi,Nazir Muhammad Mudassir,Zhang Guoping,Zeng Fanrong
Drought is a devastating environmental constraint affecting the agronomic production of barley. To facilitate the breeding process, abundant germplasm resources and reliable evaluation systems to identify the true drought-tolerant barley genotypes are needed. In this study, 237 cultivated and 190 wild barley genotypes, originating from 28 countries, were screened for drought tolerance under the conditions of both water deficit and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought at seedling stage. Drought stress significantly reduced the plant growth of all barley genotypes, but no significant difference in drought-induced reduction in the performance of barley seedlings was observed under these two drought conditions. Both cultivated and wild barley subspecies displayed considerable genotypic variability in drought tolerance, which underpinned the identification of 18 genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. A comparative analysis of drought effects on biomass, water relation, photosynthesis, and osmotic adjustment was undertaken using these contrasting barley genotypes, in order to verify the reliability of the screening and to obtain the credible traits as screening criteria of drought tolerance in barley. As expected, the selected drought-tolerant genotypes showed much less reduction in shoot biomass than drought-sensitive ones under water deficit, which was significantly positively correlated with the results of large-scale screening, confirming the reliability of the screening for drought tolerance under two drought conditions in this study. Likewise, the traits of water relation, photosynthetic activity, and osmotic adjustment differed greatly between the contrasting genotypes under water deficit stress, and they were highly correlated to the growth of barley seedlings, suggesting the potential of them to be the selection criteria for drought tolerance. The analysis of the variable importance of these traits in drought tolerance indicated that sap osmolality and relative water content in the youngest fully-expanded leaf are the suitable selection criteria of screening for drought tolerance in barley at seedling stage.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农学
·
遗传学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GEODERMA
·
2017
·
IF 4.036
Dasheng Sun,Qingfang Bi,Huaping Xu,Kejie Li,Xipeng Liu,Jun Zhu,Qichun Zhang,Chongwei Jin,Lingli Lu,Xianyong Lin
Soil drying-rewetting can remarkably affect phosphorus (P) transformation, and thus, alter P distribution among P pools; however, little is known about the effect of the degree of drying before rewetting on labile P fractions and the bioavailability of organic P (P o ). In this study, soils with distinct physico-chemical properties were allowed to desiccate to 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% water holding capacity (WHC), and soils maintained at 50% WHC were used as controls, and the bicarbonate-extractable P and hydrolyzable P o fractions were analyzed after 5 h of rewetting. Bicarbonate-extractable P o accounted for 33.3–56.4% of extractable total P, and hydrolyzable P o constituted 34.4–79.7% of extractable P o . For extractable P o , 7.7–29.9% was labile monoester P, 6.5–14.9% was diester P, and 17.8–36.5% was phytate-like P. Bicarbonate-extractable inorganic P and P o contents were not affected by 20–40% WHC treatments, but increased by 26.3–48.1% and 5.7–52.9%, respectively, when the soils were dried to 5% WHC. Similarly, labile monoester, diester, and phytate-like P contents increased by 12.5–89.8%, 0–65.2%, and 24.6–65.6%, respectively, in 5% WHC soils. Pearson's correlation analyses showed that the relative increases in bicarbonate-extractable inorganic P and phytate-like P, following extreme drought, were positively correlated with soil organic carbon , oxalate-extractable aluminum (Al), and iron (Fe), suggesting regulatory roles of organic matter and Al/Fe oxides in P transformation during soil drying-rewetting. Taken together, our results suggest that extreme drought events before rainfall or irrigation facilitate an increase in the level of labile P, including considerable proportions of hydrolyzable P o fractions, potentially posing a substantial threat to water bodies in the context of climate change .
研究领域:
生态学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROTOPLASMA
·
2018
·Vol. 255
·期 4
·1039-1052
·
IF 2.457
Li Chao,Li Cheng,Wang Bingbing,Zhang Runqi,Fu Kaiyong,Gale William J.,Li Chunyan
Drought frequently occurs during wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain filling. The objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the effect of post-anthesis drought on programmed cell death (PCD) in wheat endosperm cells and (ii) to examine the role of ethylene (ETH) receptors and abscisic acid (ABA) in regulating wheat endosperm PCD. Two winter wheat cultivars (‘Xindong 18’ and ‘Xindong 22’) were used in this study. Grain samples were collected from normal and drought stressed plants at 5-day intervals between 5 and 35 days post-anthesis. The samples were then compared with respect to cell viability, nuclear morphometry, cell ultrastructure, DNA integrity, nucleic acid content, and nuclease activity. Analysis was also conducted about gene transcripts related to PCD, ETH receptors, and ABA biosynthesis and degradation. Drought stress reduced cell viability, accelerated nuclear deformation, and increased mitochondrial dissolution. The activity of nucleic acid hydrolase was greater, and the nucleic acid concentrations were less in the drought treatments than in the control. As a result, the peak in DNA fragmentation occurred earlier in the drought treatment. Drought stress significantly increased the expression of four genes related to ABA ( nced1 , nced2 , ao1 , ao2 ) . In contrast, drought significantly reduced the expression of four genes related to ETH receptors ( ers1 , ers2 etr1 , etr2 ) and one gene related to PCD ( dad1 ). In summary, the results indicated that drought stress caused PCD to occur earlier in the endosperm of winter wheat.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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