SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2020
·
IF 6.551
Xi Mu,Zhanxiang Wang,Lichun Liu,Xiaohong Guo,Chen Gu,Hua Xu,Liuyuan Zhao,Wanyanhan Jiang,Hongmei Cao,Xiaoxuan Mao,Tao Huang,Hong Gao,Jianmin Ma
In this study, we collected 308 serum samples from 17 to 20 year old first-year university students who were recruited from Lanzhou University in China a few days after their enrollment to measure the serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As levels, and specific questionnaires for age, sex, settlement and dietary structure were designed. A 3-D atmospheric transport model was used to simulate the atmospheric concentration and dry deposition across China based on gridded Pb emission inventory to examine the association between the spatial distribution of serum concentrations and environmental fates of Pb. The mean serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As concentrations averaged over all participating young students were 21.38, 1.46, 3.86, and 4.69 μg/L, respectively. The Pb, Cd, and Hg levels in 3%, 7%, and 20% serum samples exceeded the standards. The minimum serum As and Hg concentrations and the maximum serum Pb and Cd concentrations occurred in urban areas. Seafood diet habits ( P < 0.05), sex ( P < 0.05), and relocation ( P < 0.01) caused significant differences in serum As, Pb, and Cd concentrations. A cluster analysis was carried out to classify the exposure pathways for target contaminants. The results indicated that 4 heavy metals in the serum of volunteers from northern China could be grouped into the same category, in which significant positive correlations were found between the serum heavy metal levels and background concentrations of surface soil. However, in other provinces and metropolises, the atmospheric pollution level played a critical role involving in the inhalation exposure pathway. We demonstrated that serum Pb levels in freshman students were related to the atmospheric transport and dry deposition of Pb.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 7.913
Jijie He,Feifei Wang,Tiantao Zhao,Shaogang Liu,Wenhai Chu
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors can be regarded mainly from the drinking water sources and the water treatment processes. A recent study showed that dissolved organic matter (DOM) in atmosphere is an important precursor source of DBPs through atmospheric wet deposition . However, little information is available on the characteristics of DOM derived from dry deposition particulate matter (PM) and the impact of dry deposition on CX 3 R-type DBP formation. This study determined whether dry deposition directly contributed the production of DBPs during chlor (am)ination and investigated the mechanism behind the contribution based on the combination of the resin and membrane for fractionating DOM fractions. The results showed that the hydrophilic fraction (HPI) contributed the most DOM and low molecular weight DOM (<10 kDa) was the main component of HPI. In addition, aromatic proteins and soluble microbial products-like compounds were the dominant fluorescent species in DOM derived from PM, and <10 kDa transphilic was the most abundant. The concentrations of C-DBPs and N-DBPs in disinfected PM solution were trihalomethanes (THMs) > haloacetic acids (HAAs) > haloaldehydes and haloacetamides > haloacetonitriles > halonitromethanes for both chlorination and chloramination. The main contributors of calculated toxicity are transphilic and hydrophobic in chlorination and chloramination respectively. Dry deposition PM was deduced to contribute DOM and DBP formation after chlorination in surface water, especially THMs and HAAs. These results presented herein provide key information for controlling DBPs from the perspectives of atmospheric dry deposition, especially in the case of heavy air pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 5.755
Yangyang Liu,Tao Wang,Qiuyue Ge,Zhuocheng Shi,Kejian Li,Kedong Gong,Lifang Xie,Wei Wang,Qianlong Wang,Jin Han,Hongbo Fu,Jianmin Chen,Liwu Zhang
Flow velocity, potentially linked to dry deposition velocity and wind speed parameters, show non-marginal significance in the heterogeneous oxidation of SO 2 on α-Fe 2 O 3 particles. Our uptake measurement results produce lab-based evidence that an increase in flow velocity can potentially strengthen SO 2 uptake capability over α-Fe 2 O 3 by nearly one order of magnitude within the range of considered reaction conditions. Additionally, specimen analysis of surface S-containing products indicates a distinct SO 2 oxidation regime, shifting from the heterogeneous reaction mediated by active sites under low flow velocity and low RH to an aqueous-like multiphase-dominated pathway under high flow velocity and high RH. An attempt was further made to link this experimental parameter to dry deposition velocity regulated by wind force in the atmosphere. This work highlights the significance of flow velocity in triggering fast sulfate production concerning dust chemistry.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
大气化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
·
2018
·
IF 3.708
Xiangguang Fang,Qi Wang,Zhen Zhao,Jianhui Tang,Chongguo Tian,Yiming Yao,Junchao Yu,Hongwen Sun
A total of 26 alternative and legacy perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated in air collected above the Bohai and Yellow Seas during a research cruise between June 28 and July 15, 2016. ∑PFAS concentrations ranged from 70 pg m −3 to 430 pg m −3 (mean 230 ± 100 pg m −3 ). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, mean 120 ± 80 pg m −3 ) and 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (8:2 FTOH, mean 34 ± 46 pg m −3 ) were the predominating compounds of ionizable PFASs (i-PFASs) and neutral PFASs (n-PFASs), respectively. The contributions of C 4 and C 6 i-PFASs were higher than those of C 8 i-PFASs. Alternative substances, such as chlorinated 6:2 polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids (Cl-6:2 PFESA, mean 1.6 ± 1.2 pg m −3 ) and diPAPs (mean 1.6 ± 1.3 pg m −3 ), were only detected on the filter. The distribution coefficient of 10:2 FTOH was higher than 8:2 FTOH, which could be explained by the length of the carbon chain. The gas phase dry deposition velocities were simulated, and the values ranged from 0.08 ± 0.12 cm s −1 to 0.85 ± 0.28 cm s −1 . For i-PFASs and diPAPs, the estimated fluxes of the particle phase were higher than those of the gas phase. For n-PFASs and TFA, the gas phase deposition played a key role. The ∑PFASs dry deposition fluxes were 11–290 ng (m 2 d) −1 (mean 72 ± 67 ng (m 2 d) −1 ). The measurement of the concentrations in the gas and particle phases simultaneously provided a more comprehensive understanding of PFAS behaviours in air.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 7
·1184-1192
·
IF 2.688
Yaqin Gao,Yan Lyu,Xiang Li
The present study was conducted to examine the potential mechanisms responsible for the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated derivatives (o-PAHs) in size fractionated particles and their environmental implications. Size-fractionated atmospheric particles were collected at urban Shanghai, China and analyzed for 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The concentrations of particle-bound ∑6o-PAHs (sum of 6 o-PAH congeners, 19.1 ± 4.5 ng m−3) were significantly higher than those of ∑5PAHs (sum of 5 PAHs, 9.5 ± 1.9 ng m−3). The size-fractionated distributions of airborne ∑5PAHs and ∑6o-PAHs displayed bimodal peaks at 0.7–1.1 and 9.0–10.0 μm. Emission sources and volatility were important factors influencing the size distribution of particle-bound 5 PAHs and 6 o-PAHs. The dry deposition fluxes of particle-bound 6 o-PAHs estimated from the measured data (3087 ± 467 ng m−2 d−1) were approximately 2 times higher than those of PAHs (1531 ± 344 ng m−2 d−1), with a total deposition flux of 4618 ± 743 ng m−2 d−1. The relative contributions of particles to dry deposition were also size-dependent, e.g., coarse (aerodynamic diameters (Dp) > 2.1 μm) particles dominated the dry deposition fluxes of PAHs and o-PAHs. These results highlight the significance of providing a comprehensive understanding of particle size distribution of PAHs and o-PAHs and their implication for dry deposition in China.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
大气化学
·
污染研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）