Forests
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 4
·783
·
IF 2.9
Lulu Gao,Aoying Zhang,Shanchun Yan
Heavy metals are serious pollutants that affect the growth and disease resistance of woody plants. Herein, the enrichment characteristics of an essential element (Zn) inPopulus simoniiseedlings, as well as the effects of Zn stress on seedling growth and resistance to leaf rust, were investigated. Zn contents in roots, stems, and leaves of treatment groups were significantly increased. Zn stress at all concentrations significantly inhibited the biomass of seedlings. Under the low, middle, and high Zn treatments, compared with the control group, CAT activity significantly decreased by 36%, 21%, and 14%; SOD activity significantly decreased by 13%, 8%, and 5%; PPO activity significantly decreased by 27%, 31%, and 47%; TI activity significantly decreased by 48%, 55%, and 61%, and CI activity significantly decreased by 10%, 20%, and 14%, respectively. In the natural environment, we accidentally discovered thatP. simoniiwas infected with leaf rust, and Zn stress significantly increased the rust disease index. The disease index correlated positively with Zn content in leaves and negatively with the chemical defense indexes. Taken together, Zn stress causes a strong growth toxicity inP. simoniiseedlings, and the reduced chemical defense under Zn stress increases the susceptibility of seedlings to leaf rust.Keywords:essential element;Populus simonii;growth;chemical defense;leaf rust
研究领域:
环境科学
·
植物病理学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLANT SCIENCE
·
2015
·
IF 3.607
Chao Huang,Qing-Bo Yu,Xin-Bo Yuan,Zi-Ran Li,Jing Wang,Lin-Shan Ye,Ling Xu,Zhong-Nan Yang
The fructokinase-like protein2 (FLN2) is a component of the PEP complex. FLN2 knockout mutants displayed a delayed greening phenotype on sucrose-containing medium. Our previous work indicated that partial PEP activity is essential for its greening phenotype. In this study, we further report that sufficient Rubisco accumulation is critical for fln2-4 greening. Sugar serves many important functions, such as an energy source and signaling molecule. Through pharmacological experiments using a sugar analog and sugar signaling inhibitor, we demonstrate that sugar serves as energy to support the fln2-4 greening. Seed-reserve and photosynthetic CO 2 -fixation are the primary energy sources for early seedling growth . No obvious differences were observed in the seed-reserve of the wild-type and fln2-4 by comparing their seed size and dark-germination, indicating that the defective carbon fixation may account for the energy deficit in fln2-4 during its early seedling growth. The Rubisco content was low in fln2-4 , but it rapidly accumulated during the greening of fln2-4 . Expression of a nuclear-encoded rbcL gene facilitates Rubisco accumulation and partially complements the mutant defects. These results suggest that the Rubisco accumulation is critical for fln2-4 greening. In summary, the rapid Rubisco accumulation that depends on sufficient PEP activity is important for normal seedling growth.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 1.22
Shu Wang,Mei Wei,Bingde Wu,Huiyuan Cheng,Kun Jiang,Congyan Wang
Large amounts of nitrogen (N) enter ecosystems via N deposition. The increased drought stress has incurred serious threats to plant seed germination and seedling growth (SGe-SGr). It is significant to characterize the combined impacts of N deposition and drought stress on SGe-SGr of plants to enable a further explanation of the response mechanism of SGe-SGr to N deposition and drought stress. This study aims to explore the combined impacts of N deposition with a concentration gradient and drought stress (mimicked using PEG 6000) with different levels on SGe-SGr of wheat. N treatment raises seedling growth of wheat mainly due to the increased levels of available N and the decreased level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat. Drought stress declines SGe-SGr of wheat mostly due to the progressively enlarged osmotic pressure triggered by water deficit and the advanced level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat. N treatment regardless of the concentration dramatically mitigates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seedling growth of wheat. This may be owed to the improved competitive ability for sunlight acquisition and leaf photosynthetic area via the deactivation of nutrition limits (wheat can absorb more N nutrients and improve its drought resistance ability) implemented by N addition. This may also due to the down-regulated level of peroxidation of the cell cytoplasm membrane of wheat under the combined N and drought stress. However, the combined treatments of the high level of N supply and light drought stress decline seed germination of wheat. This may be due to the promoted osmotic pressure contributed by the high level of N supply under water deficit. Thus, N deposition mitigates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seedling growth of wheat but aggravates the adverse impacts of drought stress on seed germination of wheat mostly.
研究领域:
植物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
AGRONOMY JOURNAL
·
2019
·Vol. 111
·期 5
·2341-2349
·
IF 1.805
Jing Li,Yin Min Htwe,Yong Wang,Yaodong Yang,Yi Wu,Dongxia Li,Abdul Kareem,Rencai Wang
Haustorium absorbs energy from the endosperms (liquid and solid) and plays a key role in nutrient mobilization during coconut germination and seedling growth. This study was conducted to shed light on possible interactions between haustorium and endosperms during this process. Germination rates and morphological changes of coconut cultivars Hainan Tall (HT) and Red Dwarf (RD), as well as the profiles of sugars and fatty acids in endosperms and haustorium were also analyzed. Results showed that liquid and solid endosperm inside the coconut exhausts successively, while haustorium occupies the nut gradually. Haustorium had significant positive correlation with seedling, while it had significant negative correlation with liquid and solid endosperms. Sugars in liquid endosperm continuously decreased, whereas in solid endosperm and haustorium accumulated at early stages and decreased later along with the aggressive seedling growth. Fatty acids in solid endosperm shared a very similar trend with sugars. In conclusion, haustorium development and seedling growth mainly depend on the nutrients stored in the liquid endosperm at early stages and then depend on the solid endosperm, in which fatty acids degrade rapidly to sugar so as to provide enough energy. These findings could be applicable in coconut germination and seedling propagation. Core Ideas Relative cool season (25–29°C) is more suitable for coconut germination and local variety (HT) is more adaptable. Development mainly depends on stored nutrients in liquid endosperm at early stages and then on solid endosperm. Fatty acids in solid endosperm degrade rapidly to sugars since liquid endosperm almost exhausted. Conversion of fatty acids to sugars helps provide enough energy for rapidly growing haustorium and seedling.
研究领域:
植物生理学
·
植物营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 6.814
Zhi Zhou,Shuqing Feng,Shujie Gai,Peixin Gao,Chen Xu,Mao Xia,Wenbang Tang,Xuedan Lu
Industrial Seedling Raising (ISR) is increasingly becoming an important part of Modern Agriculture because of its efficient utilization of land, water, and fertilizer as well as its advantages of being not easily affected by the weather. However, the high cost and high energy consumption of light sources for plant growth is limiting the popularization of ISR technology. Phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) make use of relatively affordable red phosphor and blue light chips, providing an adjustable spectrum to optimize plant growth. To identify the energy-saving light quality of pc-LEDs, we investigated the effects of a variety of light qualities on the growth of tobacco seedlings. Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ , CaAlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ , KAl 11 O 17 :Eu 2+ phosphors were combined with the blue light chip according to different proportions to produce the following light sources: CK (white light), T1 (blue light), T2 (red light), T3 (red: blue light ratio = 1:4), T4 (red: blue light ratio = 4:1). The tobacco variety Xiangyan7 grown continuously under T1, T2, T3, and T4 significantly increased the leaf area, stem length, biomass, root area and main root length compared with those grown under white light. Among the five kinds of light qualities tested, T4 treatment exerted the best effect on leaf development and biomass increase, while T2 exerted the best effect on stem elongation . The cytological analysis demonstrated that the promotion of the cell size and cell number of leaf epidermal cells by T1-T4 might contribute to the leaf expansion. Further analysis at the molecular level suggested that the light quality affected the RNA levels of the genes involved in cell division and expansion. When tobacco seedlings reached the same biomass, T1-T4 light sources saved 71%, 86%, 80% and 89% of electric energy respectively compared with white light. Therefore, the application of specific pc-LEDs not only reduces the cost of light source production, but also saves energy consumption, offering great potential for ISR technology to cut costs and increase efficiency.
研究领域:
农业
·
植物生理学
·
照明技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·e0232750
·
IF 2.74
Xueqing He,Pei You,Yunfu Sun
The rare earth element lanthanum (La) has been proven to be beneficial for plant growth with a low concentration, and abscisic acid (ABA) which is a plant hormone also can regulate plant growth. In the present study, we investigated the germination and seedling growth of switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) under La (10 μM), ABA (10 μM) and La + ABA treatments. The results showed that La, ABA and La + ABA treatments could not significantly affect the germination and shoot length as compared to the control ( P >0.05). However, La treatment increased the root activity and chlorophyll content, and ABA treatment enhanced root length and root activity ( P <0.05). La + ABA treatments demonstrated that La could not significantly alleviate the promotion of ABA in root length, while ABA reversed the increase of chlorophyll content caused by La. The coregulation of La and ABA on chlorophyll content was further explored by in vitro experiments and quantum chemical calculations. In vitro experiments revealed that La, ABA, and La + ABA treatments reduced the absorbance of chlorophyll, and quantum chemical calculations indicated that the reduction of absorbance was caused by the reactions between La, ABA and chlorophyll. In vivo and in vitro experiments, together with quantum chemical calculations, demonstrated that both ABA and La could stimulate the production of chlorophyll, while they also could react with chlorophyll to produce La-monochlorophyll, La-bischlorophyll, and ABA adsorbed chlorophyll, which had lower absorbance. La + ABA treatment significantly decreased the chlorophyll content in vivo. This phenomenon was due to the fact that La and ABA formed LaABA compound, which markedly reduced the concentrations of ABA and La, and the effect of promoting chlorophyll production was overcome by the effect of reducing chlorophyll absorbance.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
农学
·
量子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Wenxu Zhang,Sijie Li,Xiaoming Liu,Hongling Zhang,Rong Wang,Xuyang Mu,Ziqiang Lei
Drought and soil degradation are the key factors in desertification control. How to improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer has always been the focus of research in desert areas. The conventional hydrogel-loaded fertilizer is not suitable because of the high salinity and large temperature difference in sandy land. Therefore we prepared a novel temperature/pH-responsive core-shell structured hydrogel and loaded urea in three ways: in situ polymerization, encapsulation, and immersion, and germination and seedling growth experiments on Artemisia absinthium and Cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) seeds. The results showed that the immersion hydrogel SAP4 (PCP-g-PAA/P(DMAEMA-co-AMPS))/urea had the best repetitive swelling performance, achieving 163.89 % of the original water absorption performance after 16 repetitions and the highest nitrogen release of 151.37 mg at 40 days. For A. desertorum , the treatment group applying the in situ composite hydrogel SAP2 (PCP-g-PAA/P(DMAEMA-co-AMPS)/urea) had the highest germination rate of 70 %; for B. campestris , the treatment groups applying SAP2, the encapsulated hydrogel SAP3 (PCP-g-PAA/urea/P(DMAEMA-co-AMPS)) and SAP4 hydrogels had higher germination rates, with SAP3 having a 100 % germination rate. This phenomenon suggests that the three urea-loaded temperature/pH-responsive core-shell structured hydrogels we have prepared are very promising as an aid to seed germination and seedling growth in high temperature saline environment.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农业科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEDOSPHERE
·
2017
·
IF 1.734
Jiajun DENG,Yanling ZHANG,Jiwei HU,Jiaguo JIAO,Feng HU,Huixin LI,Shixiang ZHANG
Autotoxicity is one of the major factors that impede continuous cropping. It is defined as the toxic influence of chemicals released from one plant species on the germination and growth of individuals of the same species. Here, in order to exam the autotoxicity of tobacco root exudates, root exudates were collected from tobacco plants grown both in cultural solution and on natural soil. Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, main autotoxic chemical substances in the root exudates were identified. The autotoxic effects of suspected autotoxins on seed germination (including germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index) and seedling growth were analyzed. Dibutyl phthalate (or diisobutyl phthalate), dioctyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate were identified in tobacco root exudates. It was observed that high concentrations (greater than 0.5 mmol L −1 ) of each identified phthalate ester caused significant ( P < 0.05) inhibition of tobacco seed germination and seedling growth. It can be concluded that phthalate esters such as dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate in tobacco root exudates may play an important role in tobacco autotoxicity.
研究领域:
植物学
·
生态学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 3.404
Jie Li,Fan Wu,Qing Fang,Zheng Wu,Qingyun Duan,Xuede Li,Wenling Ye
The broad application and unique properties of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets make them interact with other pollutants and subsequently alter their behaviors and toxicities. However, investigation on the effects of GO nanosheets on plant uptake of co-occurring heavy metals is scarce. We evaluated the mutual effects of cadmium (Cd) at 1 mg/L and different concentrated GO nanosheets (0, 1 and 10 mg/L) on the rice seed germination , further seedling growth , Cd uptake and accumulation in rice roots and shoots in a hydroponic system. The effects of GO were concentration dependent. GO alone at 1 mg/L showed no apparent effects, while GO alone at 10 mg/L accelerated the rice seed germination and root growth due to the improved water uptake . Cd alone showed adverse effects on the rice seed germination, which was alleviated by the presence of GO at 1 or 10 mg/L. GO at 10 mg/L also increased the membrane permeability , thus enhancing Cd uptake by rice roots and shoots. These results indicate that GO can change the effects of Cd on the rice seed germination and Cd uptake as well as accumulation in the roots and shoots of rice seedlings, which is helpful for understanding the fate and ecotoxicological impacts of both GO and Cd.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
·
植物生理学
·
纳米生物学
·
重金属污染
·
农业环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Plants-Basel
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 24
·3466
·
IF 4
Xuancheng Yuan,Fan Zhang,Zhuang Wang
Global pollution caused by micro/nanoplastics (M/NPs) is threatening agro-ecosystems, compromising food security and human health. Also, the increasing use of graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) in agricultural products has led to their widespread presence in agricultural systems. However, there is a large gap in the literature on the combined effects of MNPs and GFNs on agricultural plants. This study was conducted to explore the individual and combined impacts of polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs, 1 μm) or nanoplastics (PSNPs, 50–100 nm), along with agriculturally relevant graphene oxide (GO), on the seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). The results showed that the combined effects of mixtures of PSMPs/PSNPs and GO exhibited both synergism and antagonism, depending on different toxicity indicators. The cellular mechanism underlying the combined effects on the roots and shoots of seedlings involved oxidative stress. Three SOD family genes, namely, Cu/Zn-SOD, Fe-SOD, and Mn-SOD, played an important role in regulating the antioxidant defense system of seedlings. The extent of their contribution to this regulation was associated with both the distinct plastic particle sizes and the specific tissue locations within the seedlings.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
植物学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Haodong Wang,Cancan Qian,Hao Jiang,Shengxue Liu,Desong Yang,Jianghu Cui
Bacterial fruit blotch is one of the most destructing diseases of melon producing-regions. Here, zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) were synthesized, and their antibacterial activity against Acidovorax citrulli was investigated. The results indicated that the obtained ZnO QDs displayed 5.7-fold higher antibacterial activity than a commercial Zn-based bactericide (zinc thiazole). Interestingly, the antibacterial activity of ZnO QDs irradiated with light was 1.8 times higher than that of the dark-treated group. It was because ZnO QDs could induce the generation of hydroxyl radicals and then up-regulate the expression of oxidative stress-related genes, finally leading to the loss of cell membrane integrity. A pot experiment demonstrated that foliar application of ZnO QDs significantly reduced the bacterial fruit blotch disease incidence (32.0%). Furthermore, the supply of ZnO QDs could improve the growth of infected melon seedlings by activating the antioxidant defense system. This work provides a promising light-activated quantum-bactericide for the management of pathogenic bacterial infections in melon crop protection.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物病理学
·
纳米技术
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
·
2022
·Vol. 42
·期 3
·2006-2022
·
IF 4.64
Wang Junhong,Cheng Jun-Hu,Sun Da-Wen
Previous studies have shown the great potential of using plasma-activated water (PAW) on improving agriculture seed germination, however, information on the influence of PAW on crop plantlet juice remains scanty. In this research, the effect of PAW generated by atmosphere pressure Ar–O 2 plasma jet for 1–5 min on wheat seed germination, seedling growth and nutritional properties of wheat plantlet juice was investigated. Results revealed that all PAWs could enhance wheat seed germination and seedling growth in 7 days by improving the germination rate, germination index, fresh weight, dry weight and vigour index, and especially that PAW activated for 3 min (PAW-3) showed the best overall performance. In addition, the application of PAWs enhanced the nutritional properties of wheat plantlet juice from those grown for 14 days by improving total soluble solids, protein content, photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, enzyme activity, free amino acids and minerals content, and the best enhancement was also observed in PAW-3. It was concluded that PAWs would be an effective technique to enhance the growth and nutritional properties of crop sprouts, which could be served as functional foods in many forms.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
植物生理学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）