Graphical One man‘s trash is another man‘s treasure : A novel template strategy allows fibrous struvite—a composite Pd/Mg 2 P 2 O 7 with a mesoporous structure and an ultrahigh surface area—to be synthesized from wastewater. The prepared Pd/Mg 2 P 2 O 7 nanowires showed excellent performance in the selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzenes. This strategy provided a new pathway for synthesizing highly efficient catalysts as well as a solution for alleviate eutrophic pollution caused by N- and P-containing substances in wastewater. A highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst Pd/Mg 2 P 2 O 7 was fabricated by combining palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and mesoporous Mg 2 P 2 O 7 fibers/rods. Mg 2 P 2 O 7 fibers with ultra-high specific surface area were prepared from struvite as templates, which were synthesized from waste water containing N- and P-containing pollutants. This strategy provided a novel pathway for developing advanced catalysts from eutrophication-polluted water. The composite Pd/Mg 2 P 2 O 7 showed brilliant performance in selective hydrogenation of nitro aromatics to give anilines. As an example of nitrobenzene hydrogenation, the conversion to aniline and selectivity were found to reach almost 100 % at a temperature of T =90 °C and under a pressure of P =2.0 MPa. The superior performance was found to originate from PdNPs, which were boosted by electron transfer afforded by the nanofiber Mg 2 P 2 O 7 supports. The favorable adsorption of withdrawing groups (−NO 2 ) was realized by synergistic effects between Pd and oxygen vacancies provided by pyrolysis of struvite. The catalyst remained stable after cycles of reuse with little degradation in catalytic performance.
Yantong Liu,Longfei Chen,Le Yu,Jiaomeng Zhu,Fang Wang,Fenghua Jiang,Chengjun Sun,Li Zheng,Yi Yang
The development of engineering microbiology is widely expected to advance carbon neutrality and sustainability in the wastewater industry. Engineering microbiology can deliver desired functions without high treatment costs, complex processes, massive greenhouse gas emissions, and resource waste. Here, we propose a complementary strategy to realize benefited wastewater utilization by configurable spatialized microorganisms-integrated biophotonic systems (CSMBs). The configurable spatialized microorganisms enable enhanced microbial synergy and empower on-demand waste-to-bioenergy conversion through optofluidic-assisted design. The developed CSMBs improve the reaction between light and microorganisms (light harvesting and microorganisms’ photosynthesis) via enhanced natural light photon capture and adjustable optical wavelength. Thanks to these features, in prospective wastewater treatment, the CSMBs breakthrough achieve 89.89% and 91.8% degradation of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) and 91.98% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) within 72 h, respectively. The biomass (the absorbance of 680 nm), lipid content, and chlorophyll-a content of Chlorella in the CSMBs were increased by 56.95%, 62.91%, and 35.41%, respectively, compared to the growth of single Chlorella . The method possesses broad applicability and superior tunability, which can be extended to a wide variety of wastewater treatment and enable more ability in benefited waste utilization.
Salinity gradient energy (SGE) harvesting from water has long been sought as a clean energy source. Commercial ion exchange membranes often face high energy barriers, inadequate ion transport ability, and chemical instability, thus displaying low power outputs. In this study, a series of continuous, flexible, zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) were synthesized on reduced graphene oxide membranes via electrochemical synthesis for highly efficient SGE harvesting are developed. The well-defined nanoscale channels and functional groups act as ionic filters and conductors, enhancing the ion selectivity for highly efficient SGE harvesting. Notably, the SO 3 H-UiO-66 membrane achieved a power density of 57.5 W/m −2 in neutral solution under a 1000-fold KCl concentration gradient, with a high K + transference number of 0.92, outperforming most reported membranes. Furthermore, the SO 3 H-UiO-66 membrane demonstrates a high output power density of 16.2 W/m −2 when tested with real seawater (Huang Hai) and domestic water, and is also effective in harvesting energy from wastewater, achieving a power density of 17.3 W/m −2 . This study opens new avenues for fabricating continuous Zr-MOF membranes as a platform for utilizing seawater and wastewater sources in SGE harvesting.
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