International Journal of Astrobiology
·
2021
·Vol. 20
·期 2
·159-177
·
IF 1.673
Binod Prasad,Peter Richter,Nithya Vadakedath,Ferdinand W. M. Haag,Sebastian M. Strauch,Rocco Mancinelli,Achim Schwarzwälder,Emmanuel Etcheparre,Nicolas Gaume,Michael Lebert
The unique environment of space is characterized by several stress factors, including intense radiation, microgravity, high vacuum and extreme temperatures, among others. These stress conditions individually or in-combination influence genetics and gene regulation and bring potential evolutionary changes in organisms that would not occur under the Earth's gravity regime (1 × g). Thus, space can be explored to support the emergence of new varieties of microbes and plants, that when selected for, can exhibit increased growth and yield, improved resistance to pathogens, enhanced tolerance to drought, low nutrient and disease, produce new metabolites and others. These properties may be more difficult to achieve using other approaches under 1 × g. This review provides an overview of the space microgravity and ionizing radiation conditions that significantly influence organisms. Changes in the genomics, physiology, phenotype, growth and metabolites of organisms in real and simulated microgravity and radiation conditions are illustrated. Results of space biological experiments show that the space environment has significant scientific, technological and commercial potential. Combined these potentials can help address the future of life on Earth, part of goal e of astrobiology.
研究领域:
天体生物学
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分子生物学
·
遗传学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Drug Design Development and Therapy
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Yanli Wang,Tian Chen,Zhe Shi,Lijinchuan Dong,Mengting Li,Bo Peng,Qi Li,Ruile Pan,Shuiming Xiao,Qing Yang,Ning Jiang,Xinmin Liu,Qin Hu,Ying Chen
Background During medium- to long-duration spaceflights, real-time microgravity can increase the health risks of astronauts. In particular, the disruption of intestinal homeostasis is closely related to other health problems, and it is necessary to monitor related treatment strategies. Ginseng is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine often used to maintain health. Ginseng total saponins (GTSs), which are the bioactive components of ginseng, have been reported to regulate immune homeostasis, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. This study focused on the regulation of GTSs in intestinal homeostasis imbalance caused by microgravity.Methods A hindlimb suspension (HLS) rat model was established to evaluate the intestinal protective effects of GTSs. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using RNA-Seq. RT-PCR was performed to further focus and verify these results. The gut microbiome composition was examined based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the short-chain fatty acids produced were further analyzed.Results We found that GTSs intervention effectively improved the intestinal injury caused by simulated weightlessness, including reducing the pathological damage, increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and reducing the levels of inflammatory factors. Moreover, GTSs treatment significantly restored the levels of intestinal immunity-related genes and remodeled the gut microbiota. In particular, GTSs significantly increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid metabolism-related bacteria, thereby increasing the level of propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid.Conclusion Our results revealed that GTSs improved intestinal microecological disorders and impaired immune function caused by the weightlessness simulation. The underlying mechanism may be related to the “intestinal immune -microbiota-metabolic” pathway. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the precise design and development of GTSs for space-health products.
研究领域:
航天医学
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分子生物学
·
免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 2.8
Zhang Peng,Liu Jie,Chai Zijia,Fu Jinjin,Li Shuwen,Yang Zhe
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the progression of osteoporosis; however, their impact on osteogenic differentiation has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we identified a novel circRNA known as circZfp644-205 and investigated its effect on osteogenic differentiation and apoptosis in osteoporosis. Methods CircZfp644-205, miR-445-3p, and SMAD2 levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MC3T3-E1 cells were subjected to microgravity (MG) to establish a cell model. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed using qRT-PCR, Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase staining, and western blot. The apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. The relationship between miR-445-3p and circZfp644-205 or SMAD2 was determined using bioinformatics, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, a hindlimb unloading mouse model was generated to investigate the role of circZfp644-205 in vivo using Micro-CT. Results CircZfp644-205 expression was up-regulated significantly in HG-treated MC3T3-E1 cells. Further in vitro studies confirmed that circZfp644-205 knockdown inhibited the osteogenic differentiation and induced apoptosis of pre-osteoblasts. CircZfp644-205 acted as a sponge for miR-455-3p, which reversed the effects of circZfp644-205 on pre-osteoblasts. Moreover, miR-455-3p directly targeted SMAD2, thus inhibiting the expression of SMAD2 to regulate cellular behaviors. Moreover, circZfp644-205 alleviated the progression of osteoporosis in mice. Conclusions This study provides a novel circRNA that may serve as a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis and expands our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the progression of osteoporosis.
研究领域:
分子生物学
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细胞生物学
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骨质疏松症研究
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
·
2016
·
IF 5.228
Zhe Chen,Qing Luo,Chuanchuan Lin,Dongdong Kuang,Guanbin Song
Microgravity induces observed bone loss in space flight, and reduced osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) partly contributes to this phenomenon. Abnormal regulation or functioning of the actin cytoskeleton induced by microgravity may cause the inhibited osteogenesis of BMSCs, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we demonstrated that actin cytoskeletal changes regulate nuclear aggregation of the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), which is indispensable for osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Moreover, we utilized a clinostat to model simulated microgravity (SMG) and demonstrated that SMG obviously depolymerized F-actin and hindered TAZ nuclear translocation. Interestingly, stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton induced by Jasplakinolide (Jasp) significantly rescued TAZ nuclear translocation and recovered the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in SMG, independently of large tumor suppressor 1(LATS1, an upstream kinase of TAZ). Furthermore, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) also significantly recovered the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in SMG through the F-actin-TAZ pathway. Taken together, we propose that the depolymerized actin cytoskeleton inhibits osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through impeding nuclear aggregation of TAZ, which provides a novel connection between F-actin cytoskeleton and osteogenesis of BMSCs and has important implications in bone loss caused by microgravity.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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细胞生物学
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干细胞研究
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空间生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR HISTOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 56
·期 2
·1-15
·
IF 2.2
Hou Huailong,Qiu Zhengjun,Che Jingyi,Li Yanping,Sun Jingxuan,Zhang Weiwei,Ma Jinjie,Zhang Shuang,Li Mengdi,Niu Yumei,He Lina
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a subset of tooth-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), demonstrate significant promise in clinical stem cell therapy. However, prolonged in vitro expansion commonly results in compromised stemness, limiting therapeutic efficacy. Thus, maintaining the stemness of DPSCs during expansion and culture is a key challenge for regenerative medicine. In the current study, the impact of simulated microgravity (SMG) on DPSC stemness was investigated using the three-dimensional clinostat Cellspace-3D. After SMG treatment for 3 days, DPSCs demonstrated markedly enhanced replicative activity, proliferation efficiency, self-renewal capacity, and effective inhibition of the senescence process. Under specific differentiation induction conditions, DPSCs in the SMG group exhibited superior osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and neural differentiation potentials. Additionally, DPSCs exhibited higher expression levels of the MSC surface markers Stro-1 and CD146 and stemness maintenance-related genes Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 in the SMG group compared to those from the normal gravity (NG) group. To elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms by which SMG influences the stemness of DPSCs, transcriptome sequencing of total RNA was performed, and identified that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are closely associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. Further verification experiments demonstrated that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway was activated in the SMG group. In conclusion, SMG effectively maintains the stemness of DPSCs cultivated in vitro, and its mechanism of action may be associated with the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
研究领域:
干细胞生物学
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再生医学
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细胞生理学
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分子生物学
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转录组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）