Journal of Industrial Textiles
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2021
·
IF 3.732
Jia-Horng Lin,Xiangdong Fu,Ting-Ting Li,Xuefei Zhang,Bobo Zhao,Bing-Chiuan Shiu,Huiquan Wang,Qian Jiang,Ching-Wen Lou
Herein, Polyester woven fabrics as the matrices for the experimental group, while cotton knitted fabrics, cotton woven fabrics, and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mesh cloth used as the matrices for the control groups, at 40 °e, using 3,4-ethoxylene dioxy thiophene (EDOT)as the polymer monomer, FeCl3 as the oxidant, and poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as the dopant, are separately coated with PEDOT:PSS polymer to prepare flexible conductive composite fabrics. The influences of the fabric pattern, oxidant concentration, and monomer concentration on the electrical performance of composite fabrics are optimized. The maximal electrical conductivity of PET-based composite fabrics (218 S/m) occurs when monomer concentration is 0.035 mol/L, the molar ratio of oxidant to monomer is 2.5, and the dopant concentration is 2.5 g/L. Moreover, bacteriostasis rate of this composite fabric reaches 71.8%. Furthermore, by electrocardiogram (ECG) simulated human body unit test as well as human body ECG test, the optimal PET-based composite fabric electrode both has a lower impedance which helps form the stabilized ECG signal. The resulting fabric electrodes retain the soft and breathable advantages from fabrics and reduce the discomfort for a long-term use of conventional electrographic gel, thereby validating the empirical evidence for mobile, portable, wearable ECG electrodes.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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纺织科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2025
·
IF 4.7
Ge Ren,Jiale Yang,Xuanting Wang,Guangmei Hu,Hua Chen,Qing Fang,Anneng Yang
Organic conductive polymers are driving the development of wearable electronics. However, most of the existing electrodes cannot be used for long-term biopotential monitoring due to their poor adhesion, stretchability, and biocompatibility. Here, a bioelectrode was designed by blending the organic semiconductor, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), with various additives, synergistically enabling its high stretchability, adhesion strength, and reduced interface impedance, which can be used for motion-artifact-tolerant recording of ECG signals with high quality. Then, a wearable and wire-free electrocardiogram (ECG) patch is developed by integrating the electrode with the flexible signal acquisition system, realizing long-term, imperceptible, and high-quality ECG monitoring with a high signal-to-noise ratio (38.85 dB). The patch can also be used for daily monitoring of cardiac diseases and sports training scenarios, which may fill the gap in the imperceptible biopotential monitoring area and would be of great value in the future of mobile health and wearable electronics.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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电子工程
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DOI
高影响因子
FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2023
·Vol. 24
·期 6
·1963-1973
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IF 2.5
He Duoduo,Qin Haiming,Qian Liying,Cao Xiuhua,Huang Jun,Li Junrong
The rapid development of wearable electronic raises the requirement of textile electrodes for biosignal acquisition. However, a big concern is the washability of the e-textiles during practical use, especially for the electrocardiogram (ECG) textile electrodes with metal coating on the fabrics. In this study, a conductive cellulosic fabric with high washability was fabricated by simple drop-coating methods. The cellulosic fabric was drop coated with the mixture of silver nanowires (AgNWs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and further cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to form a network to hold AgNWs onto the fabric to prevent AgNWs from falling off in washing. Due to the large amount of hydroxyl groups in the cellulose, it is feasible for GA to cross-link cellulose and PVA by reacting between aldehyde groups and hydroxyl groups. The conductive cellulosic fabric with three drop-coating cycles (3-AgNW/CF) showed excellent conductivity and good stability. The electrical resistance of 3-AgNW/CF increased from 0.43 to 7.63 Ω sq −1 after 100 washing hours. The conductive cellulosic fabric was applied in the smart garment as textile electrodes to acquire ECG signals, which could remain basically consistent after 80 washing hours and slightly deformed after 100 washing hours. The antibacterial efficiency of the conductive cellulosic fabric was 99.9% mainly owing to impalement of AgNWs into bacteria. Together with the facile fabrication protocol, the cellulosic textile electrodes with superb washability show great potential of consumer-level applications in ECG wearable electronics. Graphical
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·971
·
IF 2.972
Miao Chi,Jingjing Zhao,Ying Dong,Xiaohao Wang
The long-term monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for the accurate diagnosis and tracking of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the commercial Ag/AgCl electrode is not suitable for long-term monitoring due to skin allergies and signal degradation, caused by the conductive gel drying over time. In this paper, a flexible gel-free electrode, composed of a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is proposed for long-term wearable ECG monitoring. To achieve uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in viscous PDMS, we developed a novel parallel solvent-assisted ultrasonic dispersion method, wherein the organic solvent n–Hexane served as a dispersion to avoid MWCNT aggregates. The properties of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode were assessed through structural characterization, contact impedance tests, ECG measurements, and biocompatibility tests. When the MWCNT weight fraction reached 5.5 wt%, the skin-electrode contact impedance of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode was lower than that of the Ag/AgCl electrode below 100 Hz. In daily ECG monitoring, the MWCNT/PDMS electrodes showed superior performance against motion artifact compared to the Ag/AgCl electrode. After seven days of wearing the MWCNT/PDMS electrode, ECG signals did not degrade and no side effects, such as skin redness and swelling, were observed. Thus, this electrode could enable long-term ECG monitoring in wearable healthcare systems.Keywords:ECG electrode;long-term monitoring;carbon nanotube;flexible composite electrode
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MEASUREMENT
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2025
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IF 5.6
Xin Niu,Ying Yang,Lingzhu Wang,Yuanjun Liu,Xiujuan Wang,Hao Liu
During dynamic measurements, single-layer fabric biopotential dry electrodes are prone to slip between the electrode and the skin, resulting in more measurement noise. The double-layer structure of the spacer fabric (SF) reduces the relative slip between the bottom of the electrodes and the skin, and obtains better signal quality. In this study, low-slip, corrosion-resistant ECG signal acquisition electrodes based on double-layer SF were developed by silver plating, chlorination and thiol treatment processes. The effects of electrode structure, chlorination time and thiol treatment time on electrode performance were investigated. Compared with the single-layer fabric, the slip at the bottom of the double-layer SF was reduced by 84.6 % at a pressure of 70 cN and a motion displacement of 10 mm. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the electrode after the thiol-etching treatment was 70.8 %, and a stable ECG signal could still be obtained after etching with sodium sulfide solution.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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医学电子学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
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2024
·
IF 4.1
Yuefei Ding,Yufei Shi,Hengyi Cheng,Dan Yu,Wei Wang
The rapid development of global big health and AI technology has made electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in all scenarios more important. While real-time ECG monitoring in the air is easy to realize, underwater ECG monitoring is still challenging for general hydrogels. Herein, we prepared a hydrogel with underwater viscosity , biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical properties by hydrophobic graft-modified of PVA (POV) hydrogel and used it to prepare electrodes for underwater ECG monitoring. The POV hydrogel is very flexible and co-deforms easily with the skin, with a Young's modulus as low as 0.03 MPa and underwater adhesion strength up to 11 KPa. The hydrophobic chain segments within the POV hydrogel give the hydrophobic gel excellent stability, adhesion, and ionic conductivity given by the free ionic groups within the POV hydrogel enable the POV hydrogel to detect and transmit physiological electrical signals. Compared to commercial gel electrodes, this POV electrode has better adhesion, conductivity and stability underwater. The POV gel electrodes can effectively collect real-time ECG signals in the air and underwater. Therefore, this study effectively broaden the application of POV hydrogels in ECG biosensors for underwater cardiac sensing.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
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IF 15.7
Li Ding,Cui Tian-Rui,Liu Jia-Hao,Shao Wan-Cheng,Liu Xiao,Chen Zhi-Kang,Xu Zi-Gan,Li Xin,Xu Shuo-Yan,Xie Zi-Yi,Jian Jin-Ming,Wang Xu,Tao Lu-Qi,Wu Xiao-Ming,Cheng Zhong-Wei,Dong Zi-Rui,Liu Hou-Fang,Yang Yi,Zhou Jun,Ren Tian-Ling
Electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a vital role in the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the lack of a user-friendly and accurate long-term dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG) device in motion has made it challenging to perform many daily cardiovascular risk screenings and assessments, such as sudden cardiac arrest, resulting in additional economic burdens on society. Here, we present a motion-unrestricted dynamic electrocardiogram (MU-DCG) system, which employs skin-conformal, imperceptible electronics for long-term, comfortable, and accurate 12-lead DCG monitoring. To facilitate assembly for use on the skin, the MU-DCG system features a pressure-activated flexible skin socket for stably soft-connecting the on-skin soft module and the off-skin stiff module during dynamic movements. Crucially, blinded cardiologist evaluations confirm minimal motion artifacts in MU-DCG-acquired ECG signals. Our results demonstrate that the MU-DCG system, with large-area, ultra-thin on-skin electrodes/leads, and an off-skin module, accomplishes anti-motion interference acquisition and in-situ analysis while retaining wearing imperceptibility.
研究领域:
医学工程
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生物医学
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电子技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Yuefei Ding,Zixuan Lian,Hangyang Liu,Hengyi Cheng,Dan Yu,Wei Wang
The application of electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in complex environments—such as underwater or under heavy perspiration—remains challenging due to interfacial instability and signal degradation in conventional electrodes. Developing flexible, environment-adaptive materials with cross-media compatibility is crucial for advancing wearable and subaquatic medical devices. Here, we report a novel strategy using aqueous PEDOT dispersion-induced phase separation to fabricate conductive hydrogels with robust underwater functionality. The resulting biphasic structure exhibits exceptional stretchability (up to 2500 % tensile strain), strong adhesion (40 kPa underwater), and intrinsic conductivity (16.7 S/m), without post-processing. These hydrogels maintain stable performance across air–water interfaces, enabling high-fidelity biopotential recording even in liquid environments. Demonstrated as ECG electrodes, they deliver clinical-grade signal quality underwater and resist interference from sweat during physical activity. This one-step fabrication method supports scalable, cost-effective production, facilitating integration into diving gear and marine protective suits. The material’s dual adaptability to both wet and dry conditions opens new pathways for reliable biosignal monitoring in extreme environments. These findings represent a significant step toward industrial deployment of hydrogel-based soft electronics in aquatic healthcare and sports physiology applications.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
·
电子皮肤
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2024
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IF 8.3
Li Niu,Zhuoer Shen,Zemo Wang,Lingyun Qi,Haitao Niu,Hua Zhou,Cheng Zhang,Jun Xu,Jian Fang
The quality of the electrocardiography (ECG) signals depends on the effectiveness of the electrode–skin connection. However, current electrocardiogram electrodes (ECGE) often face challenges such as high contact impedance and unstable conductive networks, which hinder accurate measurement during movement and long-term wearability. Herein, in this work, a bionic 3D pile textile as an ECGE with high electrical conductivity and flexibility is prepared by a facile, continuous, and high-efficiency electrostatic self-assembly process. Integrating pile textiles with conductive materials creates a full textile electrode for bioelectrical signal detection that can retain both the inherent characteristics of textiles and high conductivity. Moreover, the dense piles on the textile surface make full contact with the skin, mitigating motion artifacts caused by the sliding between the textile and the skin. The continuous conductive network formed by the interconnected piles allows the pile textile ECGE (PT-ECGE) to function effectively under both static and dynamic conditions. Leveraging the unique pile structure, the PT-ECGE achieves superior flexibility, improved conductivity, low contact impedance, and high adaptivity, washability, and durability. The textile electrode, as a promising candidate for wearable devices, offers enormous application possibilities for the unconscious and comfortable detection of physiological signals.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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材料科学
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电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
·
2019
·Vol. 125
·期 12
·1-7
·
IF 1.784
Cheng Xiao,Bao Chongzhi,Wang Xiaoming,Zhang Fan,Dong Wentao
Current soft surface electrodes have attracted more and more attention owing to their potential applications in the fields of biological signal monitoring, wearable human–machine interface and internet of things. The paper presents that soft dry electrode based on PDMS-CB conductive polymer is designed and fabricated to continuous, long-term, stable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal recordings which is conformal contact with the soft skin surface. The wearable electronic platform based on the soft dry electrode is built up to collect the ECG data. Integration of the soft dry electrodes with wearable electronic platform would improve the wearability and adaptability of the soft electrode in biological healthy monitoring which represents the future application in ubiquitous healthcare. Experiments have demonstrated that ECG data from the soft electrodes are recorded with PQRST wave which are similar to ECG data from Ag/AgCl gel electrodes. Meanwhile, robustness and stability of ECG signal are validated by the soft dry electrodes with different body actions.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
健康监测技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RARE METALS
·
2024
·Vol. 43
·期 7
·3185-3193
·
IF 9.6
Yuan Jing-Bo,Feng Zhi-Hong,Li Dong-Chan,Luo Yang,Zhou Yun-Lei
Electronic textiles, an emerging class of electronic technology, offer exciting opportunities for seamless integration with the human body. Numerous applications have been developed based on electronic textiles. However, researches on integrating multiple electronic textile-based devices are still few. In this study, we present a system integrated with an electrocardiogram monitoring sensor and an electroluminescence device based on stretchable and washable conductive microtextiles. The signal is acquired by an electrocardiograph amplifier and displayed by a dual-color electroluminescence device based on the processed results. The integrated electronic device has excellent moisture permeability and comfort for long-term wearing. The system reported in this study opens a new avenue for the application of electronic textiles in health monitoring, robotic prosthetics, and competitive sports. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
健康监测技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Jiabei Luo,Chuanyue Sun,Boya Chang,Bin Zhang,Kerui Li,Yaogang Li,Qinghong Zhang,Hongzhi Wang,Chengyi Hou
To achieve accurate monitoring of bioelectrical signals, it is essential to use customizable bioelectrodes that can self-adapt to the skin's surface topography. Ion-conducting hydrogel has received significant attention in this field due to its softness, adhesion, and skin-like mechanical properties. However, these bioelectrodes currently suffer from degradation of adhesion, electrical conductivity, and skin-compliance when exposed to aqueous environments. This significantly limits the application of bioelectrodes. Herein, a customizable biohydrogel that can be applied on skin or fabric by solvent volatilization for liquid ink-gel film conversion is reported. The biohydrogel's distinct characteristic of transitioning between a liquid and hydrogel phase establishes superb conformal contact and dynamic compliance with the epidermis. This effectively eliminates motion artifacts and results in lower contact impedance and noise in both static and dynamic states when compared to existing bioelectrodes. The biohydrogel is applied to the cotton fabric to create electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring garments. These garments enable the acquisition of ECG signals with high accuracy in aqueous environment for over 72 h. Besides, the biohydrogel-based garments outperform the commercial gel electrodes by 83.5% in signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, the cotton/biohydrogel electrode facilitates multi-channel, high-fidelity recording of ECG signals, enabling high-performance capture and classification of ECG waveforms across multiple channels.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
电子皮肤
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）