The objective of this work was to determine the best conditions for the use of synthetic sex attractants to monitor Illiberis pruni Dyar (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae, Procridinae) in the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve, Ningxia, China. Traps with binary blends of 2-butyl (7Z)-dodecanoate (300 µg) and 2-butyl (9Z)-tetradecanoate (300 µg) at a ratio of 1:1 caught the most moths. Catches were significantly different across 5–45 m inter-trap distances; the optimal trapping radius was 25 m. Trap height did not affect catches. The slope aspect, temperature, and humidity significantly influenced catches. More moths were caught as temperatures increased and relative humidity decreased. Traps placed on shady slopes caught significantly more moths than did traps placed on sunny slopes. This study elucidates how various factors influence the effectiveness of traps. The implications of these findings could facilitate safer and more environmentally friendly in situ management of I . pruni .
Methyl eugenol (ME) is a highly potent sexual attractant for Bactrocera dorsalis , which plays a crucial role in agricultural pest management. In this study, a composite fiber membrane was prepared by polystyrene (PS), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), and ME through electrostatic spinning respectively. The effective release period of ME was prolonged by triggering PEGDA with UV light. The mass ratio of PS to PEGDA affects the morphology of the fibers as well as the loading capacity (LC) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) for ME. Under optimal test conditions, the diameter of the fibers was 1.70 μm, and the ME loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were (7.80 ± 0.07%) and (85.84 ± 7.94%). The combination of PS and PEGDA was confirmed by FTIR analysis, while its excellent thermal stability was verified through TGA testing. In the PS/PEGDA-ME-UV membrane, the cumulative release rate of ME reached 81.97% by week 8, which conformed to a first-order model. In the trapping experiments, a 53% rate of Bactrocera dorsalis capture was maintained even by week 8, demonstrating its potential for application in agricultural biocontrol.
Cui Chenglong,Shangguan Wenjie,Li Kebin,Jiang Xingfu,Wang Zhimin,Yin Jiao,Cao Lidong
Background Chemical pesticides face significant challenges regarding their efficacy and environmental impact. Plant-based food attractants have emerged as a promising green alternative for pest control. However, their field application is limited by the short duration of effectiveness, necessitating improved carrier systems for sustained release. Electrospinning is a promising technology in this field, with core-shell fibers offering superior performance in efficient loading and sustained release compared to uniaxial fibers, highlighting their potential for further development.Results In this study, core-shell micro-nano fiber mats were prepared via coaxial electrospinning using multiple environmentally friendly polymers. These mats were firstly and successfully loaded with food attractants bisexually attractive to Loxostege sticticalis adults, including 1-octen-3-ol, trans-2-hexenal, linalool, and anethole, enabling sustained release and effective trapping. The components in the core-shell spinning solution were chemically compatible, and after spinning, the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)/polycaprolactone (PHB/PCL) in the shell layer and polyethylene oxide (PEO) in the core layer formed core-shell fibers with clear boundaries. The mats achieved an average encapsulation efficiency of 78% for active ingredients, with a sustained release profile that delivered over 60% of the attractants within 80 days while mitigating early burst release. Electroantennogram and behavioral studies revealed that the mats retained electrophysiological activity for at least 90 days, effectively attracting male and female adult insects even after 75 days. Field trials demonstrated that the mats significantly outperformed commercial slow-release carriers, attracting a higher number of L. sticticalis adults. Additionally, the mats exhibited strong stress resistance, biodegradability, and environmental compatibility, effectively protecting active molecules while minimizing ecological impact.Conclusion sThe developed fiber mats provide a highly efficient, eco-friendly carrier for plant-based food attractants, offering prolonged efficacy and improved insect trapping performance. This study highlights their potential for sustainable agriculture and pest management, paving the way for greener alternatives to chemical pesticides.Graphical abstract
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）