RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 86
·83321-83327
·
IF 3.289
Zhangyu Huang,Huiping Gao,Yanli Mao
In this study, the energy transfer (ET) mechanism among Yb3+/Er3+/Mn2+ has been revealed by download conversion (DC) and upconversion (UC) transients and steady-state fluorescence spectra. Moreover, the novel structure, inert-core/active-shell/inert-shell cubic NaYF4@NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+/Mn2+@NaYF4, has been synthesized via a convenient hydrothermal method. With the excitation of a 980 nm laser diode, bright single-red upconversion (UC) fluorescence is observed, which shows the longest UC lifetime and highest efficiency compared with the other structures of NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+/Mn2+, NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+/Mn2+@NaYF4, and NaYF4@NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+/Mn2+. The inert-core/active-shell/inert-shell nanocubes are homogeneous with an ultra-small (sub-20 nm) size, which is suitable for distribution and elimination in biological tissue. Our results indicate that the Mn2+ doping of δ-doped structures is an effective method to significantly improve UC single-red light, which shows great potential application in vivo bioimaging.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物成像
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Yanei Xue,Penghui Shao,Yixing Yuan,Wenxin Shi,Fuyi Cui
The 2H phases of MoS2 (2H-MoS2) monolayers present a wealth of new opportunities in photocatalysis owing to their photoinduced catalyzing ability and excellent charge carrier mobility. However, the complete release of their catalytic activities is restricted by their inert basal planes. Although the inert base planes of 2H-MoS2 are known to be activated by atomic doping, the operational principle of the exotic atoms remains vague. In this study, the unutilized inert base sites of MoS2 were activated via an oxygen-aided P-substituted method (denoted as POMS). Molecular structural tests and analyses of POMS indicated that the inert MoS2 substrate is activated when the inerratic crystal phases transform to amorphous phases in the P-doping process. The fully activated inert base planes provide sufficient reaction sites for photo-oxidized water contaminants. The designed POMS presented superior activity in organic degradation and completely removed sulfamethoxazole within 20 min. Uncovering these operational principles provides a theoretical basis for designing effective catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 6.707
Fang Liu,Wenjun He,Ying Li,Fangqing Wang,Jingyu Zhang,Xuewen Xu,Yanming Xue,Chengchun Tang,Hui Liu,Jun Zhang
Exploring high efficient transition-metal dichalcogenides catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is important for water-derived hydrogen fuel. Pyrite cobalt disulfide (CoS 2 ) is one of the potential HER catalysts due to its low price and inherent metallicity, but its catalytic activity is still unsatisfactory possibly attributed to the S sites with catalytic inert; hydrogen adsorption on S sites is weak extremely. Metal cation doping has been considered as one of the most available methods to modulate the electronic structure of electrocatalysts. Here, we report non-transition metal tin (Sn) doped CoS 2 nanowire arrays grown on carbon cloth (Sn-CoS 2 /CC) as available catalysts for HER. The Sn-CoS 2 /CC catalyst with optimal doping concentration not only has an enhanced over potential of 161 mV at 10 mA cm −2 , and the Tafel slope is 94 mV dec -1 , but also shows good long-term durability in 32 h of testing. Experimental results and further density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that Sn doping can improve the charge transfer ability, enhance electronic conductivity, and arouse the catalytic insert S sites with optimal hydrogen adsorption free energy (ΔG H* ). This work investigates a new method to activate the inert sites in metal-compound catalysts for water splitting and beyond through non-transition metal doping.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
·
理论计算
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 3
·1249-1259
·
IF 2.289
Miao Rongrong,Kang Shimin,Liao Wenbo,Wang Yanming,Liu Jian,Zhong Guoyu,Wu Hangxiao,Zhang Jingui
Silicon is one of the most promising anode candidates for next-generation Li-ion batteries. Inert salt, acting as heat absorbent in magnesiothermic reduction, is playing a crucial role in scaled and economic derivation of Si from SiO 2 . Herein, the regulating effects of KCl and NaCl as heat absorbent on particle size, morphology and especially electrochemical behavior of obtained silicon are comparatively investigated. Although NaCl assists to get ultrafine nm-Si (~ 12.7 nm), inexpungible SiO x is accompanied, leading to lower reversible capacity (only 496.9 mAh g −1 ) and first coulombic efficiency (~ 48.7%). Comparatively, superior heat regulation of KCl facilitates to form uniform and well-crystalized Si nanoparticles (nano-Si KCl ) with vital size domain (~ 54.6 nm) and reduced surface energy restrains redundant SiO x formation, thus obtaining improved reversible capacity (2201 mAh g −1 ) and cycling stability. After further carbon coating on nano-Si KCl , an excellent capacity retention of 89.4% over 300 cycles can be obtained by nano-Si KCl @C composite.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Mengxiao Zhang,Xiaohe Wang,Yunyun Xue,Jiaqi Li,Jianyu Wang,Chuanjie Fang,Liping Zhu
The artificial integration of inorganic materials onto polymers to create the analogues of natural biocomposites is an attractive field in materials science. However, due to significant diversity in the interfacial properties of two kinds of materials, advanced synthesis methods are quite complicated and the resultant materials are always vulnerable to external environments, which limits their application scenarios and makes them unsuitable for scalable production. Herein, we report a simple and universal approach to achieve robust and scalable surface mineralization of polymers using a rationally designed triple functional molecular bridge of fluorosilane, 3-[(perfluorohexyl sulfonyl) amino] propyltriethoxy silane (PFSS). In a two-step solution deposition, the fluoroalkyl and siloxane of the PFSS take charge of its adhesion and immobilization onto polymers by hydrophobic interaction and wrapping-like chemical cross-linking, and then the assembly and growth of inorganic nanoclusters for integration are achieved by strong chemical coordination of PFSS sulfonamide. The versatile mineralization of inorganic oxides (e.g., TiO2, SiO2, and Fe2O3) onto chemically inert polymer surfaces was realized very well. The resultant mineralized materials exhibit robust and multiple functionalities for hostile applications, such as hydrophilic membranes for removing oils in strong acidic and alkaline wastewaters, fabrics with advanced anti-bacteria for healthy wearing, and plates with strong mechanical performance for better use. Experimental results and theoretical calculations confirmed the homogenous distribution of the PFSS onto polymers via cross-linking for robust coordination with inorganic oxides. These results demonstrate a skillful enlightenment in the design of high-performance mineralized polymer materials used as membranes, fabrics, and medical devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
·
2022
·Vol. 119
·期 31
·e2202884119
·
IF 12.779
Jiakang Qu,Xiang Chen,Hongwei Xie,Shuaibo Gao,Dihua Wang,Huayi Yin
Traditional sulfide metallurgy produces harmful sulfur dioxide and is energy intensive. To this end, we develop an anode electrolysis approach in molten salt by which sulfide is electrochemically split into sulfur gas at a graphite inert anode while releasing metal ions that diffuse toward and are deposited at the cathode. The anodic splitting dictates the “sulfide-to-metal ion and sulfur gas” conversion that makes the reaction recur continuously. Using this approach, Cu2S is converted to sulfur gas and Cu in molten LiCl-KCl at 500 °C with a current efficiency of 99% and energy consumption of 0.420 kWh/kg−Cu (only considering the electricity for electrolysis). Besides Cu2S, the anode electrolysis can extract Cu from Cu matte that is an intermediate product from the traditional sulfide smelting process. More broadly, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Sb are extracted from FeS, CuFeS2, NiS, PbS, and Sb2S3, providing a general electrochemical method for sulfide metallurgy.
研究领域:
冶金学
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电化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Crystals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·1234
·
IF 2.7
Zhiwei Liu,Zhaobo Liu,Guanlong Li,Yan Zhao,Kai Wang,Xiangbao Chen
At present, the rapid development of electronic devices such as batteries, sensors, capacitors and so on is creating a huge demand for lightweight materials with a designed structure and function. Ti3C2TxMXene, a lightweight two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial with excellent electronic properties, has been favored in this field. In this work, Ti3C2TxMXene was annealed under an inert gas (N2, Ar and CO2) atmosphere to design the crystal structure and interface of the nanosheets, and then the modified nanosheets with specific changes in dielectric properties were obtained. Among them, the key temperature points (100 °C, 300 °C, 500 °C and 800 °C) in the thermogravimetric (TG) test under an air atmosphere were used as the annealing temperature. When annealing under an air atmosphere, with the increase in temperature, the Ti layer gradually oxidized and evaporated, and the original two-dimensional structure was partly destroyed with some of the C atoms reacting with O2to form CO2. In the inert gas atmosphere, however, the 2D structure is preserved, except that the surface end groups and layer spacing are changed. In addition, some N element doping was introduced into the nanosheets after N2atmosphere treatment, which changed the original lattice structure. After the Ar atmosphere treatment, some Ti atoms on the surface were oxidized in situ to form TiO2grains with different crystal forms, which increased the interfacial area. The C-TiO2structure of the nanosheets was more complete after treatment with the CO2atmosphere. All the nanosheets after heat treatment with an inert gas atmosphere retained the characteristic morphology of 2D materials, and different changes in the micro-structure caused changes in dielectric properties, thereby meeting the needs of 2D nanomaterials Ti3C2TxMXene in different scenarios.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2021
·
IF 6.024
Xin Luo,Weiyan Liu,Zeyu Wang,Chao Liang,Xuming He,Yi Yu
The high chemical reactivity of lithium slows down the structural exploration of lithium metals inside batteries. In this paper, in situ gas cell TEM was utilized to study the formation and growth of lithium metal under the argon atmosphere. By electron irradiation, fresh lithium metals could be formed and grown from lithium salts such as lithium fluorides, which was confirmed by electron diffraction and EELS. Minor oxidation of the as-grown lithium metals occurred even in an inert environment. A template matching-based diffraction big-data analysis method was developed and enabled visualization of the phase evolution during the reactions. These results may provide additional understanding of the passivation layers on lithium, and big data processing would facilitate information mining from in situ experiments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2015
·Vol. 163
·期 3
·E33
·
IF 3.266
Liwen Hu,Yang Song,Jianbang Ge,Shuqiang Jiao,Jin Cheng
Molten CaCl2 has been considered as significant electrolyte for novel electrochemical metallurgy processes due to high solubility of oxygen anions. Some novel processes based on molten-salt electrolysis of oxides in molten chlorides have been proposed, typically including FFC process and OS process. An inert anode capable of sustained oxygen evolution is crucial for a green and efficient electrochemical de-oxidation process. Herein we report the results of a promising inert anode candidate, who shows an excellent performance. Several techniques including anodic polarization, cyclic voltammetry, Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance have been performed to evaluate the anode behavior of the TiO2·RuO2 anode, revealing that the anode is quite stable during anodic polarization and has a more positive corrosion electrode potential. An in situ analysis of anode gases using the mass spectra proved the capability of the sustained evolution of oxygen at the TiO2·RuO2 anode during electrolysis, meaning that this oxides anode could be a potential candidate as inert anode in calcium chloride–calcium oxide melts for green metallurgical processes, as it showed a nearly negligible solubility of ruthenium dioxide when immersed in the melt and a low rate of corrosion even after long time electrolysis.
研究领域:
冶金学
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电化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Yan Wang,Jin Wang,Junxia Wang,Xusheng Li,Yijie Tang,Nan Li
MgO-Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 composite ceramic is a promising candidate as an inert matrix material for the transmutation of Pu and minor actinide. In this work, the MgO-Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 composite ceramics (hereafter M-NZO) with 30–70 wt% mass percent of MgO were successfully prepared at 1500 °C for 24 h via direct solid-state reaction one-step method. This method achieved the integration of Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 pyrochlore synthesis and M-NZO composites sintering, which shows a significant improvement in the simplification of the preparation process than the traditional two-step method. The structural properties and compactness of the as-prepared composite ceramics were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was confirmed that the as-prepared M-NZO ceramics are composed of only crystalline MgO and Nd 2 Zr 2 O 7 phases, and the mass fractions of two phase are almost the same as the designed nominal chemical composition. The composite ceramics showed remarkable densification and the relative density is higher than 98.2%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Zhang Yuanbo,Lin Kun,Su Zijian,Chen Xijun,Ma Ke,Jiang Tao
The proportion of pellets in the blast furnace charge structure is gradually increasing, among which magnesium-bearing fluxed pellets have been widely applied due to their excellent metallurgical properties. To further determine the consolidation mechanism in different reaction layers of magnesium-bearing fluxed pellets, the phase transformation and diffusion behaviors of Fe 3 O 4 –MgO in different roasting atmospheres were investigated in this study. The results showed that Fe 2+ preferentially diffused to the MgO layer and combined with Mg 2+ to form Mg y Fe 1− y O in inert atmosphere, and then, Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ binded to Mg 2+ to form [(MgO) x (FeO) 1− x ]·Fe 2 O 3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). The increase of roasting temperature was favorable for the entry of Mg 2+ into the spinel phase. In air atmosphere, Fe 3 O 4 was first oxidized to Fe 2 O 3 . Fe 3+ and Mg 2+ counter-diffused and then combined to Mg x Fe 3− x O 4 ( x = 1). Fe 3 O 4 reacted more readily with MgO in inert atmosphere than in air atmosphere. It was favorable to increase the oxygen partial pressure for Mg x Fe 3− x O 4 ( x = 1) generation. The diffusion rate of Mg 2+ at the interface of Fe 3 O 4 –MgO system in inert atmosphere was 1.88 µ m/min at 1200 °C, which was faster than that of 1.49 µ m/min in air atmosphere. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
冶金学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Sen Feng,Junjie Zhang,Junli Xu,Mouhamadou Aziz Diop,Aimin Liu,Fengguo Liu,Zhaowen Wang,Zhongning Shi
The aluminum industry is one of the major causes of CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere, mainly caused by carbon anode consumption and the emission of perfluorocarbon gases. Carbon anodes are consumed by anodic reactions in the standard technology. The environmental constraints and the costs associated with the utilization of carbon anodes have, for many decades, led to the look for non-consumable anodes, called “inert anodes,” considered for years to be the future of aluminum production. However, the current research on inert anodes is limited to metal, ceramic, cermet, and gas anodes and remains impotent in solving the difficulties of anode consumption, CO 2 , and other greenhouse gas emissions . Here, we propose the utilization of argon plasma as an inert anode for aluminum electrolysis. The results from emission spectroscopy analysis and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations depict a production of positively charged argon ion (Ar + ) at the anode region, which infuses into the electrolyte and reacts electrochemically with the oxy-fluoro aluminate complexes (Al 2 OF 6 ) 2- . For a current ≤ 0.4 A, the oxygen evolution occurs anodically from 2Al 2 OF 6 2- + 4Ar + → 4AlF 3 + O 2 + 4Ar, with no argon consumption. Furthermore, the aluminum is reduced cathodically, and the decomposition reaction is 2Al 2 O 3 → 4Al + 3O 2 . This innovative approach enables carbon-free aluminum electrolysis, a large-scale reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which can be extended to similar electrolytic industries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）