CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yunqi Wu,Tinggui Yan,Weixue Xiang,Peixu Zhu,Nanxi Luo,Banglian Tang,Miao Luo
Co-combusting biomass with sewage sludge can effectively inhibit the release of alkali metals. In addition to calcium phosphates, AlPO 4 and FePO 4 are typical phosphates in fresh sludge, resulting from phosphorus removal process compliant discharge. However, the inhibitory effect of AlPO 4 and FePO 4 on potassium release have rarely been studied. This oversight may stem from the absence of AlPO 4 and FePO 4 in high-temperature ash, which instead indicates their preferred reactivity. Thus, we proposed the hypothesis regarding whether the fixation effect of AlPO 4 and FePO 4 on potassium occurs earlier than that of calcium phosphate. This research investigated the interactions and inhibitory effects of these phosphates on potassium release during the co-combustion. In this simplified system using model compounds, the conversion of volatile potassium salts was quantitively assessed by measuring the content of produced water-soluble K-phosphates. The interaction mechanism has been discussed with multiple characterization methods. The results demonstrate a significant inhibitory effect of phosphates on KOH, KNO 3 and K 2 CO 3 , with the effectiveness ranking as follows: AlPO 4 > FePO 4 > Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 . Over 80 % of potassium remained as soluble K-phosphates in samples treated with AlPO 4 or FePO 4 at 1000 ℃. In contrast, none of the three additives exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on KCl and K 2 SO 4 . However, the priority of the reactions converting KOH, KNO 3 and K 2 CO 3 into K-phosphates by using AlPO 4 and FePO 4 , along with the stability of the produced phosphates, suggests a promising approach to enhance the formation of more potassium phosphate while reducing KCl—the most problematic volatile component—thereby effectively mitigating potassium release.
CAS / MDL:
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源与燃料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
·
2024
·
IF 2.8
Wang Xinyu,Xu Xin,Xiong Wuwan,Ye Daiqi,Chen Peirong
Catalytic oxidation is an effective solution for the control of methane (CH 4 ) emission in exhausts from natural gas vehicles. Pd-based small-pore zeolites (such as Pd-SSZ-13) are considered to be the most active catalysts for CH 4 oxidation, but H 2 O in the exhausts tends to induce deactivation of Pd catalysts. In this work, we tuned the hydrophobicity of Pd-SSZ-13 as a representative to improve its H 2 O resistance in CH 4 oxidation. Pd-SSZ-13 catalysts with different Si/Al ratios were obtained by dealuminizing the pristine SSZ-13 zeolite with acid followed by Pd ion exchange, and a reduction of T 50 (i.e. the temperature to reach 50% conversion of CH 4 ) by 20 ℃ was achieved in CH 4 oxidation in the presence of 10 vol.% H 2 O. Detailed physicochemical characterizations showed that the fraction of highly dispersed PdO species (highly active in CH 4 oxidation) increased, whereas that of less inactive PdO x clusters decreased, in the Pd-SSZ-13 after acid modification. In addition, the increase of zeolite hydrophobicity after acid modification alleviated the H 2 O inhibition effect on the active PdO phase, leading to a less activity loss of Pd-SSZ-13 in CH 4 oxidation. The improved hydrophobicity also favored C 3 H 8 combustion over Pd-SSZ-13. These results suggested that simple acid modification could tune effectively the Si/Al ratio and hydrophobicity of zeolite supports, and eventually the physicochemical properties and oxidation performance of the supported Pd catalysts.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 2.627
Linlin Dai,Lin Hao,Wei Kang,Wei Xu,Ning Shi,Hongyuan Wei
Aluminum powder explosion accidents occurred frequently, but the mechanism of aluminum powder explosion is unclear. Therefore, the inhibitive effect of aluminum powder explosion plays a key role. To evaluate the inhibition capacity of different kinds of carbonates and phosphates: NaH 2 PO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , KHCO 3 and NaHCO 3 on aluminum deflagrations , a standard 20-L spherical chamber was used to determine the explosion severity, characterized by the maximum explosion pressure ( P max ). New parameters have been proposed: the minimum significant inert concentration (MSIC) and the minimum complete inert concentration (MCIC), which characterized the effect of inert. Experimental results showed that from the minimum significant inert concentration (MSIC) and the minimum complete inert concentration (MCIC), phosphate can have a significant inhibiting effect. 40% NaH 2 PO 4 can totally inert the aluminum explosion, and 50% (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 or 50% NH 4 H 2 PO 4 can also suppress the explosion. Through simulation, phosphate mainly acts via a chemical inhibition pathway, which inhibits the reaction of aluminum powder and oxygen by catalyzing the recombination of H atoms and O atoms. Carbonate performs inhibition in chemically, producing CO 2 , diluting the oxygen around the aluminum powder. Studies indicated that the explosion pressure of the mixture decreases as the concentration of inert dust increases. However, when the concentration of carbonates was low, SEEP (suppressant enhanced explosion parameter) phenomenon was found. This research work has a potential industrial application in high hazard aluminum working condition, which can help decrease the explosion pressure and reduce the accident loss.
研究领域:
安全科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.561
Sultan Ahmed Khoso,Zhiyong Gao,Mengjie Tian,Yuehua Hu,Wei Sun
The depression of pyrite (FeS 2 ) through an organic depressant is not only ineffective but also nonselective which causes poor selectivity . In this research, the depression effect of an organic polymer ‘poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA, a widely available class of polysaccharides)’ on pyrite flotation was improved by the addition of lime (CaO). The most encouraging flotation results were received at relatively lower concentrations of CaO and γ-PGA. The addition of CaO and γ-PGA had a synergistic inhibitory effect on pyrite flotation with a minor compromise in terms of the chalcopyrite grade at low alkaline conditions (pH 9). Adsorption studies and zeta potential measurements revealed that both CaO and γ-PGA were greatly adsorbed onto the pyrite surface than chalcopyrite. The addition of CaO and γ-PGA underwent a two-step depression effect on pyrite surface: (1) calcium species dissolved from CaO prefrentially adsorbed onto the pyrite surface and decreasing its negative charges; (2) pre-adsorbed calcium hydroxyl species promoted the adsorption of γ-PGA onto the pyrite surface. The XPS and FT-IR measurements revealed that γ-PGA formed the chemical coordination bonds with Ca-species on pyrite surface. Based on these measurement analyses, a two-step depression mechanism of CaO and γ-PGA on pyrite was also proposed. The envisaged scheme has its own benefits of environmental friendliness and cost-effective characteristics in Cu S flotation systems.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Zhenyi Luo,Kai Sheng,Ke Yin
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is one of the most widely applied nanomaterials in environmental engineering for heavy metal and organic pollutants removal. However, its in-situ application is often compromised to the increasingly complex environmental systems, such as dissolved oxygen, coexisting (oxy)anions and emerging pollutants such as microplastics (MPs). To figure out measures to overcome the inhibition by MPs, sulfidation of nZVI was chosen as a solution to these drawbacks as sulfidation could enhance surface conductivity and electron transfer from the core of nZVI, and improve the electron selectivity. Batch experiments were carried out, indicating polyvinyl chloride (PVC) inhibited the metal sequestration efficiency of nZVI and resulted in desorption of metals (especially in Zn (II) system). After sulfidation, however, such inhibition on Zn (II) from PVC was only observed before equilibrium, while inhibition completely disappeared on the other metals. With the employment of S-nZVI, Cu (II), Pb (II), Zn (II) could reach a complete (100%) removal within 24 h even under the interference of PVC. Therefore, sulfidation assisted to overcome the inhibition of PVC on nZVI, which was attributed to enhanced reducing, stronger adsorption, higher affinity of metals with FeS layer, and the anti-ageing characteristics presented by S-nZVI. These findings suggest sulfidation is a promising method to overcome the inhibition of PVC MPs. Mechanisms identified between S-nZVI and metal ions in the presence of MPs may trigger studies to examine further insights to promote heavy metal removal using S-nZVI in the face of similar intricate surrounding environments.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Rui Qu,Huijie Hou,Keke Xiao,Bingchuan Liu,Sha Liang,Jingping Hu,Shijie Bian,Jiakuan Yang
The evaluation of ecological risks of contaminant mixtures to organisms is very challenging due to the non-linear response of organisms to each component, especially under the co-existence of both stimulators and inhibitors. Whether the stimulatory effect can reduce or even offset the inhibitory effect would be critical to the risk assessment and the treatment measures of mixed pollutants. Here, the combined toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF), a stimulator with stimulation rate >100%, and six compounds that cannot induce hormesis (four ionic liquids (ILs) and two pesticides) were studied. The time-dependent toxicity of each toxicant on Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 was investigated at 0.25, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h. Results showed that four ILs and two pesticides failed to induce hormesis, while NaF induced hormesis from 2 to 6 h and induced stimulation only after 6 h and reached its maximum (650%) at 12 h. All mixture rays with NaF induced hormesis at different times. In the four NaF-IL mixture systems, the absolute value of maximum stimulation demonstrated an upwards and then a downwards trend with the increasing of mixture ratio of IL. In two NaF-pesticide systems, the maximum stimulation effect declined with the increasing of the mixture ratio of pesticide. The toxicities of the mixture were successfully predicted by the improved inverse distance weighted interpolation, which are not able to be predicted by the commonly used concentration addition or independent action models. This paper shed lights on evaluating the hormesis of mixtures and the ecological risk of fluoride.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.336
Kunpeng Su,Jianhua Wu,Dingkang Xia,Xinming Zhang
Although there has been extensive research on the factors that influence sonochemical reactions in solid particle suspensions, the role that solid particles play in the process remains unclear. Herein, the effect of monodisperse silica particles (10–100 μm, 0.05–10 vol%) on the sonochemical activity (20 kHz) was investigated using triiodide formation monitoring and luminol tests. The results demonstrate that, in the particle size range considered, the sonochemical yields were enhanced in dilute suspensions (0.05–1 vol%), while further particle addition in semi-dilute suspensions (1–10 vol%) decreased the yields. Two regimes, namely the site-increasing regime and sound-damping regime, are identified in respect of the enhancing and inhibiting effects of the particles, respectively, and their dependence on particle characteristics is analyzed. Both regimes are confirmed based on the cavitation erosion test results or cavitation noise analysis. The clarification of the two regimes provides a better understanding of the dominant factors controlling sonochemistry in the presence of solid particles, as well as a guide for sonochemical efficiency prediction.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 7.392
Yaoyu Zhang,Yuxiong Wang,Yue Liu,Huimin Xu,Zhongbiao Wu
Aiming at the coexistence of pollutants in the actual industrial process, the catalytic oxidation of acetonitrile and ethyl acetate mixture on the Cu–Ce/ZSM–5 catalyst was studied. The mutual inhibition effect during catalytic removal of acetonitrile and ethyl acetate mixture was observed. Acetonitrile showed a more obvious inhibitory effect on the conversion of ethyl acetate, and the introduction of ethyl acetate reduced the N 2 selectivity of acetonitrile oxidation. The simulation results demonstrated acetonitrile could be preferentially adsorbed on Cu center of the catalyst surface, leading to significant inhibition of the initial conversion of ethyl acetate. In addition, the coexistence of ethyl acetate would weaken the hydrolysis of acetonitrile to generate carboxylic acid and –NH x species. As such, no enough adsorbed NH x species could be used to reduce the NO x produced by excessive oxidation of acetonitrile, resulting in a decreased in N 2 selectivity. This study could provide reference on the application of catalysts for cyanide–containing waste gas degradation.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
·
2024
·
IF 4.7
Hui-chuan REN,Xiao-bo MIN,Yong KE,Long-gong XIA,Yun-yan WANG,Cong PENG,Yun LI,Rong-he TAN,Chuan-fu ZHANG
A method to upgrade the iron grade in copper slag was proposed using lime to decompose Al 2 O 3 -containing fayalite melt (AFMT). Thermodynamic calculations indicated that adjusting the CaO/AFMT ratio can yield a residual melt with a FeO concentration of 75-88 wt.% and produce Ca 2 SiO 4 . In-situ observations suggested that the reaction was impeded in some way. Quenching experiments revealed that the initial reaction products consisted of calcium ferrite compounds and FeO-CaO melt. At the FeO-CaO melt/AFMT interface, Ca 2 SiO 4 particles precipitated, forming a dense Ca 2 SiO 4 film that significantly impeded mass transfer. Although trace amounts of Al 2 O 3 in AFMT temporarily enhanced mass transfer, they were insufficient to overcome this retardation effect. The decomposition reaction was far from achieving equilibrium, demonstrating a self-retardation effect. Measures must be implemented to eliminate this self-retardation effect and enhance the efficiency of reaction kinetics.
研究领域:
冶金工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 6.986
Ying Yu,Hanjiao Chen,Qian Zhao,Qing Mou,Liang Dong,Ruilin Wang,Zeming Shi,Ying Gao
Interfacial effect has attracted increasing interest as the inherent asymmetric environment of a gas–liquid interface leads to different chemical and physical properties between this region and the bulk phase, resulting in enhanced chemical processes, specific reactions, and mass transfer at the interface. Photochemical vapor generation (PVG) is regarded as a simple and green sample introduction method in atomic spectrometry. However, the photochemical behavior of elements with the interface is not known. Herein, we report the PVG of elements at the gas–liquid interface along with a possible mechanism investigated for the first time. Enhancement and/or suppression effects from the gas–liquid interface were observed on the PVG of 17 elements, which was correlated with the properties of analytes and the generated intermediate substances/products of PVG and the applied conditions. Enhancement from 1.1- to 7.3-fold in analytical sensitivity was found for 12 elements in the system with gas–liquid interface(s) compared to the results obtained in previous reports of PVG using traditional flow injection with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement. The introduction of gas–liquid interface(s) and the resultant elevated temperature inside the PVG reactor likely facilitated the generation of radicals, the subsequent radical-based reactions, and the separation/transport/detection of volatile species of elements. In contrast, intermediate substances/products generated in PVG with poor thermostability will readily decompose at elevated temperatures, leading to a decreased signal response of analytes. The finding is helpful to understand the transport of elements under UV irradiation in the environment and has potential for analysis of trace elements in environmental and biological samples.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Yimu Wang,Jing Geng,Jinqing Jia
Sodium gluconate (SG) is a commonly used concrete retarder, but its impact on the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A) is not fully understood. This study investigates the effects of SG on the hydration products of the C3A-gypsum system, including ettringite (AFt), monosulfate (AFm), and hydrogarnet (C3AH6), by isothermal calorimetry, XRD, TG-DSC, ICP analysis, and thermodynamic modeling. Results reveal that there is no concentration threshold for the inhibitory effect of SG on C3A hydration. SG concentrations of 0.2% to 1% inhibit the formation of AFt, AFm, and C3AH6 to varying degrees, with higher SG concentrations resulting in greater inhibition. The inhibitory effect is attributed to SG adsorption on C3A and hindrance of gypsum dissolution. These findings contribute to the understanding of admixture interactions in cement and offer guidance for concrete additive development.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2014
·Vol. 144
·期 11
·1851-1859
·
IF 2.291
Chen Chunyu,Wang Xiong,Zhang Jian,Pan Shuxiang,Bian Chaoqun,Wang Liang,Chen Fang,Meng Xiangju,Zheng Xiaoming,Gao Xionghou,Xiao Feng-Shou
Abstract A series of ZSM-5 zeolite with various cations (H + , Na + , K + , and Cs + ) and Si/Al ratios (60, 100, 300, and ∞) supported 0.5 % Pt have been prepared and tested in the combustion of toluene. It is found that Pt/KZSM-5-100 catalyst exhibits excellently high catalytic activity, negligible inhibition effect of H 2 O, and long catalyst life. Graphical Abstract 0.5 %Pt/KZSM-5-100 catalyst exhibits superior performance in combustion of VOCs, which would be potentially important for environmental protection.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）