POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2020
·
IF 4.032
Shuo Fan,Chenchen Zhu,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Faxue Li
An inherent flame-retardant PA6 (FR-PA6) containing polydiphenylsiloxane (PDPS) was synthesized under the action of ethylene glycol (EG) via a facile “2-step” bulk polymerization. Inspiringly, EG acted not only as a ‘chain-linker’ to connect PA6 oligomer with PDPS moiety but also as a charring agent to increase the charring capacity of FR-PA6 after combustion. The prepared FR-PA6 reached 28.3% of limiting oxygen index (LOI), and passed the V-0 level of UL94 test with suppressed melt-dripping. After investigating the char residues and pyrolysis volatiles of FR-PA6 after combustion, the formation of silicon-rich protective layer was proved to be the essential factor to increase the flame retardancy of FR-PA6 via reducing the diffusion of pyrolysis volatiles, restricting the heat transfer and mass loss as well as preventing polymer melts from dripping. This work thus makes a worthwhile contribution to the development of FR-PA6 by offering a novel route that is easily accessible to industrial fabrication.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 60
·期 11
·2804-2813
·
IF 1.917
Cong Xie,Fan Leng,Zhen Dong,Weilin Xu,Mengjiao Zhu,Kangjun Xie,Jifu Du,Long Zhao
Two novel flame retardant and anti-dripping PE films were successfully synthesized in three steps. PE-g-GMA film was first prepared by simultaneous electron beam irradiation to graft glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto PE film. 4,4′-[1,4-phenyl-bis(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-yl)dimethyneimino)]diphenol (DOPO-t) and 4,4′-[1,3-phenyl-bis (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-yl)dimethyneimino)]diphenol (DOPO-m) were then fabricated via a one-pot method. Finally, two DOPO derivative functionalized PE films were obtained through the ring opening reactions of PE-g-GMA film with DOPO-t and DOPO-m, respectively. Combustion properties, flame retardancy, thermal performance, and thermal shrinkage of these films were evaluated. Compared with pure PE film, the burning rate of anti-dripping DOPO-t/DOPO-m functionalized PE films was reduced by 13.2% and 50.0%, and the limiting oxygen index value climbed to 18.5 and 19.5, respectively. The residual chars from DOPO-t/DOPO-m functionalized PE films at 700°C were increased, and the shrinkage ratio decreased remarkably, which could effectively prevent the spread of fire. We also discussed the effect of structural difference between DOPO-t and DOPO-m on the above properties and the flame retardant mechanism of two DOPO derivative functionalized PE films preliminarily. This work provides a method for introducing DOPO derivatives into PE molecules to improve their flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Yanlu Sun,Zhengqi Wang,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Ruchao Yuan,Faxue Li
The absence of flame retardant with suitable thermal feature and high flame retardancy has greatly limited the development of flame-retardant polyamide 6 (PA6). In this work, a phosphorus-containing flame retardant (CBPB) with appropriate flame responsive nitrile groups was synthesized, and its melting temperature, cross-linking temperature and initial degradation temperature exactly matched the thermal feature of flame retardant suitable for PA6. PA6/CBPB composites (FR-PA6s) were prepared by melt-blending various contents of CBPB into PA6 matrix. The UL-94 and limiting oxygen index (LOI) of FR-PA6s reached V-0 and 32.0% respectively once 8 wt% of CBPB was added to PA6 matrix. As a representative, FR-PA6-6 (6 wt% of CBPB in PA6 matrix) was successfully melt-spun into filaments with good mechanical properties. The filament strand was self-extincted within 4 s and only one droplet was generated after ignited in the vertical burning tests. The corresponding anti-dripping and flame-retardant mechanism were also explored. Suppression of melt-dripping of FR-PA6s was formed due to the chemical cross-linking of nitrile groups of CBPB at ∼290 °C, which significantly exceeded the general processing temperature of PA6 (∼260 °C) and so the processability of FR-PA6s was slightly affected. The enhanced flame resistance of FR-PA6s was contributed to the quenching effect of PO· and PO 2 · radicals as well as the diluting effect of NH 3 in the gas phase.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Yanxu Tian,Jiangang Zhang,Wen Cao,Xiong Liu,Xianming Zhang,Wenxing Chen,Jianna Bao
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), which is recognized as a potential biodegradable material, brings serious fire concern because of its flammability with heavily molten drips. In this investigation, a bio-based flame retardant named CS@ATMP@MI (CAM) consisting of chitosan (CS), amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP), and methionine (MI) was developed through a simple and environmental-friendly synthesis approach. CAM provided effective flame retardancy and anti-dripping ability without compromising mechanical properties. PLA/CAM composites achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating with 1.0 wt% CAM and a limited oxygen index value of 28.4 % with 3.0 wt% CAM. The high efficiency is due to the high phosphate content in ATMP and the strong coordination between CS, ATMP, and MI. The cone calorimetry tests showed that adding 2.0 wt% CAM increased the total smoke production from 0.2 to 0.6 m 2 , and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrum analysis indicated that combustible gas production was reduced over 50 % with 3.0 wt% CAM, demonstrating that phosphorus-nitrogen synergy in CAM could effectively capture free radicals and released inert gases. Char analysis showed that the PLA/CAM composites could form a thicker and denser char layer during combustion due to phosphorus-sulfur synergy, which promoted char formation to shield mass transfer. PLA/CAM composites maintained excellent mechanical performance, with a 3.0 wt% CAM increasing tensile strength from 53.9 to 57.3 MPa and Young's modulus from 1782 to 2262 MPa. This study presented a sustainable method for synthesizing an effective bio-based flame retardant and a strategy for producing eco-friendly, fire-resistant PLA composites for industrial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Wenjie Ma,Wenrui Cai,Wenhua Chen,Pengju Liu,Jianfeng Wang,Zhuoxin Liu
MXenes, a fast-growing family of two-dimensional (2D) materials, can offer an excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance because of ultra-high electrical conductivity, multi-layered structure, and abundant termination groups. In turn, as a result of the favorable interaction with electromagnetic wave, MXene might evoke an intense energy conversion from electromagnetic energy to thermal energy upon exposure to the microwave irradiation. Herein, for the first time, the microwave heating behavior of Ti 3 C 2 T x caused by the strong electromagnetic wave absorption was investigated. Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets were flocculation-assembled onto the surface of polypropylene (PP) and used as the “interfacial solder”, inducing a unique selective heating to construct a continuous and compact network in segregated Ti 3 C 2 T x /PP composite under the optimal microwave field. The sintered composite possessed the ultrahigh EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of 75.12 ~ 78.85 dB over the X-band with an extremely low Ti 3 C 2 T x loading of 1.138 vol%, superior to the vast majority of Ti 3 C 2 T x -based polymer composites. In addition, the compact Ti 3 C 2 T x frameworks also provided an excellent anti-dripping performance for composite even with 0.284 vol% Ti 3 C 2 T x . Therefore, by fully utilizing the intrinsic response of MXene to electromagnetic wave, we developed a novel method for not only process molding but also structural/chemical decoration of MXene-based materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Yanlu Sun,Zhengqi Wang,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Ruchao Yuan,Faxue Li
The absence of inherently flame-retardant polyamide 6 (FR-PA6) with enhanced anti-dripping and melt spinnability has significantly limited its further application in textiles. In this work, a binary reactive flame retardant composed of commercial 9,10-dihydro-10-[2,3- di ( hydroxycarbonyl ) propyl ]-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DDP) and synthesized polydiphenylsiloxane (PDPS) was employed to fabricate FR-PA6 through a facile synthetic route. The prepared FR-PA6 containing 5 wt% DDP and 5 wt% PDPS (FR-PA6-5-5) exhibited a UL94 V-0 rating with no melt-droplets during combustion, a 31.0% reduction in heat release rate and a 18.8% decrease in total heat release compared to pure PA6 in cone calorimetric tests. The improved fire safety of FR-PA6-5-5 was contributed to the gas-phase quenching and dilution effect and the condensed-phase barrier effect, which was enhanced by the synergistic charring effect achieved through the formation of P(= O )-O-Si. Additionally, FR-PA6-5-5 exhibited excellent melt spinnability as demonstrated by the successful preparation of filaments with a tensile strength of approximately 2.27 cN/dtex.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2019
·
IF 6.864
Shuo Fan,Bo Peng,Ruchao Yuan,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Faxue Li
Preparing flame-retardant polyamide 6 (PA6) composites with low addition of flame retardant remained one of the biggest concerns nowadays. In this work, a novel aromatic Schiff base-containing branched polysiloxane (PCNSi) with high thermal stability and great capacity of charring was first synthesized as a self-crosslinking flame retardant, and then PA6/PCNSi composites were prepared through melt blending with different contents of PCNSi. Inspiringly, a sharp reduction of about 48.9% in peak heat release rate (PHRR) was found for PA6 composite with only 6 wt% of PCNSi in contrast with PA6, and serious melt-dipping behavior of PA6 was suppressed totally as 4 wt% of PCNSi was added into PA6. The formation of a self-extinguished layer was considered as the essential factor for reinforcing the flame retardancy of PA6. This layer was generated under the synergistic effects of the cross-linking reaction of Schiff base structure and thermo-oxidative degradation of polysiloxane units in PCNSi. These composites also presented similar mechanical properties to PA6 due to the low addition of PCNSi and good interfacial interactions between PCNSi and PA6.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
·
2019
·Vol. 305
·期 1
·1900661
·
IF 3.038
Yan-Peng Ni,Wan-Shou Wu,Lin Chen,Xi Zhao,Zi-Hao Qin,Xiu-Li Wang,Yu-Zhong Wang
To systematically study how the H-bonding interaction affect the flame retardancy and anti-dripping behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), two series of PET-based copolyesters are prepared by introducing two benzimidazole monomers with similar structure. One (2-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester, PBM) contains H-bonding donor, the other (2-(4-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-1-methylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester, PNM) weeds out the H-bonding donor by replacing NH group with N CH 3 . The dynamic rheological behavior, fire resistance and fire-retardant mechanism of the PET- co -PBMs and PET- co -PNMs are contrastively investigated. PET- co -PNMs have flow behaviors similar to neat PET. While, for PET- co -PBMs, the movements of the molecular chains are restricted due to the H-bonding interaction, leading to higher melt viscosity, which is conducive to the anti-dripping property. It can be proved that benzimidazole groups promote the carbonization of substrates to form more stable charred layers in combustion, showing an obvious barrier action in condensed phase. Unfortunately, the enhancement of carbonization alone is not enough to inhibit the dripping behavior satisfactorily, and PET- co -PNMs fail to pass UL-94 V-0 rating. While, PET- co -PBMs exhibit better self-extinguishing and anti-dripping performances benefiting from strong H-bonding interactions. The revealed effects of H-bonding interactions on the fire resistance and anti-dripping behavior of polymers will guide further design of flame retardants.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 14
·7620-7628
·
IF 3.049
Shuo Fan,Ruchao Yuan,Dequn Wu,Xueli Wang,Jianyong Yu,Faxue Li
A facile route of ‘copolymerization/blending’ was proposed to fabricate silicon/nitrogen synergistically reinforced flame-retardant PA6 nanocomposites with simultaneously improved anti-dripping and mechanical properties. Firstly, a persistently inherent flame-retardant PA6 (FR-PA6), with 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)tetramethyl disiloxane (MSDS), was synthesized via controllable amidation and a polycondensation reaction. Melamine cyanurate (MCA) nanoparticles as a ‘gas phase’ synergistic agent were then added into FR-PA6 to further improve its flame retardancy. The primarily obtained FR-PA6 could be extinguished after a few melt droplets dropped as ignited, and passed the V-2 rating with enhanced mechanical properties, while PA6 had no rating (NR). The prepared FR-PA6/MCA nanocomposites could attain a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32.7%, and passed the V-0 level with only 1 melting droplet with similar mechanical properties to PA6. Accordingly, the special ‘condensed-gas phase’ synergistic flame-retardant mechanism of FR-PA6/MCA nanocomposites was proposed through studying the residues and pyrolysis volatiles. This work provided a facile route as a model for developing functional PA6 for diverse engineering applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Yongli Zhang,Chunlong Zuo,Xiaoyu Liu,Ziyin Ye,Wei Tan,Ping Li,Yuanlin Ren,Xiaohui Liu
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers are widely used in many fields, but their flammability and molten droplet characteristics during combustion pose a significant safety risk. To address the issue, a novel approach was developed to enhance the flame retardant and anti-dripping performances of PET fabric through a combination of dyeing and mussel-inspired strategy. First, PET fabric was directly dyed with heme chloride (HC) to produce dyed PET fabric (HC-PET), which was then treated by a mussel-inspired tannic acid-based flame retardant (TAPP) and an impregnation-drying-curing process to prepare flame retardant PET fabric (FR-PET). The results indicated that the total heat release (THR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) of FR-PET were decreased by 22.8 % and 49.7 %, respectively, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was increased from 21 % to 29.8 %, showing good flame retardant properties. Additionally, the UV resistance and antibacterial performances of FR-PET were also significantly improved. In summary, this study provided a feasible approach for the preparation of multifunctional PET textiles with dyeing, flame retardant, anti-dripping, UV resistance and antibacterial performances.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）