Separations
·
2024
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·206
·
IF 2.5
Xiaodong Xin,Xinnong Li,Jiabao Chen,Chuanghui Shen,Xiaohan Shi,Lei Wang,Chunhua Li
Cinnamomi ramulus(CR, Guizhi in Chinese) andZingiberis rhizoma recens(ZRR, Shengjiang in Chinese) are couplet medicines (drug pairs or drug combinations) in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. They contain a high amount of volatile oils which endow them with unique flavors and pharmacological activities. Extraction methods have a great influence on the extraction efficiency and composition of volatile oils. Firstly, the volatile oils of CR and ZRR were extracted by steam distillation (SD) and analyzed by GC-MS to obtain their chemical profiles. In total, 35 and 55 compounds were identified in the volatile oils of CR and ZRR, respectively. In order to find a suitable extraction method for the couplet medicine CR-ZRR, subsequently, steam distillation (SD), azeotropic distillation (AD) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were applied to extract the volatile oils from CR-ZRR. The average extraction yields by SD, AD and SFE were 0.573%, 0.62% and 2.135%, respectively. The chemical composition of the volatile oils was then analyzed by GC-MS. In total, 73, 59 and 71 compounds were identified from the extracts obtained by SD, AD and SFE, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and OPLS-DA showed that citral, (E)-cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal, zingiberene, cinnamaldehyde and β-sesquiphellandrene were the main contributors to distinguish the volatile oils that were obtained by different processes. Considering the chemical diversity and the total content of the main bioactive components of the volatiles oils, SD was more suitable for CR-ZRR volatile oil extraction. This study provides a basis for elucidating the chemical composition and suitable extraction method for the volatile oils of CR-ZRR.
研究领域:
中药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Qian Guo,Dongmei Yu,Jing Yang,Ting Zhao,Dan Yu,Lei Li,Duanjie Wang
The distribution characteristics of Cr(VI) species in contaminated soil is crucial for soil remediation; however, there is currently a lack of methods for analysing anionic Cr(VI) species in soil. This study has developed a novel sequential extraction method for speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Besides extraction experiments, simulated chromium species were prepared to verify the presence of proposed chromium species. The results show that Cr(VI) species in soil can be categorized into water-soluble Cr(VI), electrostatically adsorbed Cr(VI), Cr(VI) specifically adsorbed by minerals containing exchangeable Ca 2+ , Cr(VI) specifically adsorbed by hydrous metal oxides, calcium chromate Cr(VI) and stable complexed adsorption Cr(VI). These Cr(VI) species can be selectively extracted by specific solutions through ion exchange or weak acid dissolution. The most stable Cr(VI) species is Cr(VI) complexed by hydrous iron oxides through bidentate ligand binding; only by dissolution of hydrous iron oxides can this Cr(VI) species be leached. The distribution of Cr(VI) species is closely linked to particular soil compositions including exchangeable Ca 2+ and hydrous iron oxides which determinate the Cr(VI) adsorption in soil. Cr(III) species comprise Fe-Cr coprecipitate hydroxides Cr(III), Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cr(III), organic matter-bound Cr(III) and residual Cr(III). Their distribution depends on the types of reductants present in the soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
·
2016
·
IF 3.994
Chenguang Wang,Wei Xiong,Sathyanarayana Reddy Perumalla,Jianguo Fang,Changquan Calvin Sun
Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is a natural flavanol compound isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine , Ampelopsis grossedentata . Despite that optically pure (+)DMY is desired for treating chronic pharyngitis and alcohol use disorders, only DMY racemate is commercially available due to prolonged exposure time to high temperature and the presence of metal ions during industrial extraction, which cause racemization of the homochiral (+)DMY. We have developed an extraction method for successfully obtain optically pure (+)DMY. We have further assessed the physicochemical properties of the two phases using PXRD, DSC , TGA, FTIR, and moisture sorption. Among them, PXRD and FT-IR are suitable for quickly distinguishing homochiral (+)DMY from racemic (±)DMY. Lastly, with the aid of cocrystallization with theophylline , the absolute configuration of homochiral (+)DMY was identified to be (2R, 3R).
研究领域:
药学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
XiaoNing Gao,YanXiao Zhang,Wei Fu,Hong Zhou,Lu Feng
Conventional hydrolysis of total saponins for the extraction of diosgenin, an essential ingredient in the production of steroid hormones, has caused significant ecological pollution, making efficient and clean extraction methods necessary. Here, UiO-66-NH 2 with defect sites containing Zr-coordinated hydroxide and water groups was synthesized using concentrated HCl as a crystal modulator, which was further treated with trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (Me 3 SiOTf) to afford UiO-66-NH 2 OTf using the oxygen affinity of the Me 3 Si group. The strong Lewis acid UiO-66-NH 2 OTf was used to extract diosgenin from the total saponin, and the extraction temperature, extraction time and amount of addition were optimized using single-factor experiments and the response surface method. In addition, high-resolution mass spectrometry has been used to analyze the resulting compounds, thus suggesting an alcoholysis pathway and an alcoholysis mechanism for the total saponins.
研究领域:
药用植物化学
·
环境科学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2019
·
IF 5.714
Xiaoxin Han,Xueqiang Lu,Rolf D. Vogt
Microplastic pollution in the environment has received growing attention worldwide. A major impediment for accurate measurements of microplastics in environmental matrixes is to extract the particles. The most commonly-used method for separation from soil or sediment is flotation in dense liquid based on the relatively low density of plastic particles. This study provides an improved and optimized process for extraction of microplastic particles by modifying the floatation technique and floatation solution. Microplastics in soils and sediments are extracted by adding 200 g dry soil or sediment sample to 1.3 L mix of the saturated NaCl and NaI solutions in a volume ratio of 1:1 and aerating for 40 s then filtering the supernatant. The accuracy and precision of the new approach is validated by recovery experiments using soil and sediment samples spiked with six common microplastic compounds: polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and expanded polystyrene (EPS), and comparison with the previous method. The optimized approach is further compared with the previous approach using the real soil and sediment samples.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
污染生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 6.986
Aimei Hong,Qing Tang,Ashfeen Ubaid Khan,Maozhong Miao,Zhenlan Xu,Fei Dang,Qian Liu,Yawei Wang,Daohui Lin,Juliane Filser,Lingxiangyu Li
Nanoscale silver (n-Ag) including silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs), and silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S-NPs) and their corresponding ionic counterpart, namely, dissolved Ag, may coexist in soils. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) is used to elucidate the speciation of n-Ag in soils, whereas it possesses drawbacks like high costs, rare availability of the instrument, and providing semiquantitative data. We developed a new method for the identification and speciation of n-Ag in soils and sediments based on a sequential extraction technique coupled with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Extraction conditions were first evaluated, establishing the optimal extraction procedure; Ag-NPs, AgCl-NPs, and dissolved Ag in soil were simultaneously extracted by using an aqueous solution of 10 mM tetrasodium pyrophosphate, followed by selective isolation and quantification via AgCl-NPs dissolution (4.45 M aqueous ammonia), centrifugation (Ag-NPs), and detection. The Ag2S-NPs remaining in the soil were then extracted with Na2S solution at pH 7.0 through selective complexation. Optimal recoveries of Ag-NPs, AgCl-NPs, Ag2S-NPs, and dissolved Ag were 99.1 ± 2.4%, 112.0 ± 3.4%, 96.4 ± 4.0%, and 112.2 ± 4.1%, respectively. The method was validated to investigate the speciation of n-Ag in soils and sediments, exhibiting the distribution of Ag-NPs, AgCl-NPs, Ag2S-NPs, and dissolved Ag in each sample, wherein Ag2S-NPs, the major species of n-Ag, accounted for 35.42–68.87% of the total Ag. The results of n-Ag speciation in soil are comparable to those obtained through the linear combination fitting of XANES. This method thus is a powerful, yet convenient, substitute for XANES to understand the speciation of n-Ag in complex solid matrices.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.589
Mengting Liu,Yang Song,Shibo Lu,Rong Qiu,Jiani Hu,Xinyu Li,Moritz Bigalke,Huahong Shi,Defu He
Microplastics (MP) have been recently found in soil environments. These MP might have adverse effects at high concentrations and thus efficient extraction and analysis of MP from soil is needed. Here we propose a new method of NaBr solution circulation for extracting soil MP. A device for the circular extraction of soil MP was developed. This device included a separation, vacuum filtration, and solution recovery system. It was then utilized to test separation efficiency of soil MP with three economic and environmentally friendly extraction reagents: NaCl, CaCl 2 and NaBr solutions. The separation was tested with ten different types of polymers, three different size classes and three different shapes of MP. Extraction with NaBr showed the highest recovery rates ranging from 85% to 100%. After extraction the samples were treated with H 2 O 2 and analyzed by micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The developed method was assessed for its potential influence on MP and no significant changes in the integrity of multiple MP were found. Finally, the established method was used to analyze MP in four types of soil: farmland, yellow-brown, paddy and floodplain soil from the suburb of Shanghai. Results showed that the mean abundance of MP was 136.6–256.7 item kg −1 . Various MP including PP (40%), PE (35.5%), Acrylic (15.6%), PET (6.7%) and PA (2.2%) were found. With this paper, we provide an alternative method through NaBr solution circulation for the extraction of soil MP.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2013
·Vol. 22
·期 3
·705-712
·
IF 0.695
Wang Mengfan,Guo Jian,Qi Wei,Su Rongxin,He Zhimin
In this paper, an effective and green strategy was developed to obtain aglycone isoflavones from soybean through the extraction, hydrolysis, and purification steps. Firstly, a novel ethanol-alkaline extraction method was designed and optimized. The high extraction yield (94.34%) of isoflavones was achieved under the optimal extraction conditions of pH 9.0, 70°C, 60 min, ethanol concentration of 65%, and 1:15 of the solid to liquid ratio. Then, the cellulase (GC-220) was used instead of traditional β-glucosidase to hydrolyze the glycoside isoflavones into aglycone isoflavones which gave an excellent conversion of 95%. Finally, the crude aglycone isoflavones have been purified by an environmental-friendly procedure comprised of ethanol precipitation, ethyl acetate extraction, and water rinse. The final amount of aglycone isoflavones obtained was 1.279 mg for every gram of defatted soybean by this strategy, and the final recovery, and purity of aglycone isoflavones could achieve 80.38 and 87.21%, respectively.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2025
·Vol. 26
·期 3
·920
·
IF 4.9
Jiagang Zheng,Fuquan Zhang,Qingyun Zhao,Rentong Yu,Yanfang Zhao,Xiaoxue Liao,Lusheng Liao
Natural rubber (NR) is in high demand due to its excellent elasticity and physical and mechanical properties, but production is limited and NR is in short supply. There is an urgent need to find new alternative rubber sources.Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS), as a green, renewable, widely planted and high content rubber producing plant, has shown broad application prospects. The extraction process is the key to developing efficient, green, and high-purityTaraxacum kok-saghyzNatural Rubber (TKNR) to replace NR in various applications. In this study, TKS roots were processed through repeated boiling to remove inulin, followed by alkaline treatment with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to isolate lignin and facilitate cell wall disruption. Subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis using pectinase and cellulase enabled the dissolution of root-structure carbohydrates, thereby obtained TKNR. Structural characterization of TKNR was conducted and compared with that of NR. The results showed that the combined alkaline and enzymatic extraction methodology effectively isolates TKNR from TKS roots. Structural analysis reveals that TKNR closely resembles NR, having comparable molecular weight and distribution, crystallinity, and crosslinking networks, with both polymers primarily consisting of cis-1,4-polyisoprene.
研究领域:
植物学
·
材料科学
·
可再生资源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.2
Xianda Li,Zhongping Shao,Haozhe Shan,Li Liu
Cellulose utilization has been seriously hindered by the formation of humins, whereas humins structure remains challenging since unconverted cellulose and humins exist as solid mixture. In this work, we developed a novel strategy to extract humins from unconverted cellulose and disclosed the structural evolution process of cellulose-derived humins for the first time. The key intermediate of levoglucosan was successfully captured and identified, which significantly favors the formation of anhydro-sugars followed by polymerization due to the stability. By means of comprehensive HPLC-MS/MS, FT-IR, MALDI-TOF and SEM characterizations, it was proposed that multiple elementary reactions were involved in the formation of cellulose-derived humins, including cellulose depolymerization, etherification, esterification, aldol condensation, dehydration and thermal oxidation. In the early stage, cellulose depolymerization results in glucose and levoglucosan (LG), which undertake etherification to form the early humins via small molecule mechanism, accompanied by esterification and dehydration. In the later stage, gluco-oligosaccharides esp. with LG end from cellulose depolymerization undergo etherification via oligomer mechanism. Meanwhile, etherification of HMF and aldol condensation with LA take place prominently, together with dehydration and oxidation, resulting in the enhancement of C=C and C=O conjugation.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·2088
·
IF 5.2
Yongshuai Jing,Meng Yan,Hao Zhang,Dongbo Liu,Xiaoyue Qiu,Beibei Hu,Danshen Zhang,Yuguang Zheng,Lanfang Wu
Polygonatum sibiricumpolysaccharides (PSPs) have important biological functions, such as antioxidation, immunomodulatory, and hypolipidemic functions. Different extraction methods have effects on their structures and activities. In this study, six extraction methods, including hot water extraction (HWE), alkali extraction (AAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and freeze–thaw-assisted extraction (FAE) were used to extract PSPs, and their structure–activity relationships were analyzed. The results showed that all six PSPs had similar functional group compositions, thermal stability, and glycosidic bond compositions. PSP-As (PSPs extracted by AAE) exhibited better rheological properties due to their higher molecular weight (Mw). PSP-Es (PSPs extracted by EAE) and PSP-Fs (PSPs extracted by FAE) had better lipid-lowering activity due to their lower Mw. PSP-Es and PSP-Ms (PSPs extracted by MAE), which do not contain uronic acid and have a moderate Mw, had better 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical-scavenging activity. On the contrary, PSP-Hs (PSPs extracted by HWE) and PSP-Fs, with the Mw of uronic acid, had the best OH-radical-scavenging activity. The high-Mw PSP-As had the best Fe2+-chelating ability. In addition, mannose (Man) may play an important role in the immunomodulatory activity. These results indicate that different extraction methods affect the structure and biological activity of polysaccharides to varying degrees, and these results are helpful for understanding the structure–activity relationship of PSPs.Keywords:Polygonatum sibiricum;polysaccharides;extraction methods;physicochemical properties;biological activity
研究领域:
药学
·
生物化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2020
·
IF 5.778
Xiangnan Zhang,Kai Yu,Hong Zhang,Yuning Liu,Jing He,Xiangyu Liu,Jie Jiang
Microplastics (MPs) pollution in the marine has become a global concern. To obtain accurate measurements of MPs in the marine sediments is important for understanding its effects and potential risks to the environment. In this study, we developed a novel method for extracting MPs from sediments by density flotation of sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH 2 PO 4 ) solution, which utilized the heating-assisted to increase the density of separation solution. It features high density, nontoxic, and economic, indicating its promising application in the MPs extraction. A standard procedure based on NaH 2 PO 4 for extracting MPs from sediments was established and validated by the recovery experiments of seven common plastics. Results showed NaH 2 PO 4 solution exhibited higher recovery rates than the commonly-used NaCl solution; three plastics with high density couldn’t be recovered by NaCl, while NaH 2 PO 4 was available for all the studied MPs. A large number of real beach samples was collected and validated by this method, and the abundance and characteristic of the collected MPs were further analyzed. Results exhibited the heating-assisted NaH 2 PO 4 could be a promising way for extracting MPs in environmental samples.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
海洋学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）