Nutrients
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 19
·3351
·
IF 4.8
Haiyan Wang,Zhenyu Yang,Shuxia Wang,Huwei Wu,Xuehong Pang,Yichun Hu,Xiaoguang Yang
Objectives: This study sought to understand the levels of vitamin K in the mature milk of Chinese lactating mothers, thereby providing a foundation for the development of appropriate intake (AI) of vitamin K for infants aged 0–5 months. Methods: Five hundred healthy lactating mothers were selected from the mature milk bank established by the Chinese Maternal and Infant Nutrition and Health Cohort by using a simple random sample procedure. Relevant information about lactating mothers and their infants was obtained by a questionnaire survey. Vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 (MK-4 and MK-7) in mature milk were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: The total concentration of vitamin K in mature milk was 4.50 (2.85–6.33) ng/mL. The concentrations of vitamin K1, vitamin K2, MK-4, and MK-7 were 2.81 (1.66–4.39) ng/mL, 1.37 (0.75–2.11) ng/mL, 1.20 (0.58–1.97) ng/mL, and 0.13 (0.08–0.19) ng/mL, respectively. The concentration of vitamin K1 was highest and the concentration of MK-7 was lowest. The concentrations of vitamin K2 and MK-4 in mature milk from the south were significantly higher than those in mature milk from the north. The total vitamin K, vitamin K2, and MK-4 concentrations in mature milk of lactating mothers residing in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas. There was a tendency for the concentration of total vitamin K and vitamin K1 to increase with the mother’s age. Moreover, the concentration of MK-4 in mature milk was highest in summer, followed by spring and winter. The levels of vitamin K1 and MK-4 in mature milk were found to be affected by lactation stage; they were highest at 91–120 days and lowest at 31–60 days. Conclusions: Based on the concentration of vitamin K in mature milk found in this study, it is recommended that the appropriate intake of VK for Chinese infants aged 0–5 months is 3.49 μg/d (2.18 μg/d for VK1 and 1.06 μg/d for VK2).
研究领域:
营养学
·
儿科医学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 2.61
Chang Li,Shao-Ping Nie,Yong-qiang Zhou,Ming-Yong Xie
3-monochoropropane-1, 2-diol (3-MCPD) esters from edible oils are considered to be a possible risk factor for adverse effects in human. In the present study, the exposure assessment of 3-MCPD esters to Chinese population was performed. A total of 143 edible oil and fat samples collected from Chinese markets were determined for the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters. The concentration data together with the data of fats consumed were analyzed by the point evaluation and probabilistic assessment for the exposure assessment. The point evaluation showed that the mean daily intake (DI) of 3-MCPD esters were lower than the value of provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 3-MCPD (2 µg/kg BW/d). The mean DI values in different age groups obtained from probabilistic assessment were similar to the results of the point evaluation. However, in high percentiles (95th, 97.5th, 99th), the DI values in all age groups were undesirably higher than the value of PMTDI. Overall, the children and adolescents exposed more to 3-MCPD esters than the adults. Uncertainty was also analyzed for the exposure assessment. Decreasing the level of 3-MCPD esters in edible oils and consuming less oil were top priority to minimize the risk of 3-MCPD esters.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
毒理学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Agriculture-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·1213
·
IF 3.6
Hewei Chen,Fengliang Xiong,Qichao Wu,Weikang Wang,Zhaoyang Cui,Fan Zhang,Yanlu Wang,Liangkang Lv,Yingyi Liu,Yukun Bo,Luotong Zhang,Hongjian Yang
The objective of this study was to investigate the feeding value of sheepgrass, including its chemical composition, dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, and available energy, as well as the prediction equations of dry matter intake (DMI), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), dry matter digestibility (DMD), digestible energy (DE), and metabolizable energy (ME). Two independent experiments based on a completely randomized experimental design were performed to evaluate the feeding value. The results showed that there were significant relationships between chemical composition and DMI, digestibility, and available energy. The best-fit equations were as follows: DMI (g/d·W0.75) = 121.75 + 0.06CP (%) − 0.24EE (%) − 0.10ADF (%) − 0.60NDF (%) − 0.15OM (%) (R2= 0.85,p< 0.01), DMD (%) = −1.37 + 0.23CP (%) + 2.96EE (%) + 0.32ADF (%) − 0.82NDF (%) + 1.27OM (%) (R2= 0.83,p< 0.01), NDFD (%) = 225.58 − 0.59CP (%) + 0.04EE (%) + 0.09ADF (%) − 2.46NDF (%) + 0.12OM (%) (R2= 0.67,p< 0.01), DE (MJ/kg) = −5.19 + 0.38OM (%) − 0.26NDF (%) − 0.03ADF (%) + 0.16CP (%) (R2= 0.91,p< 0.01), and ME (MJ/kg) = 5.55 + 0.67DE (MJ/kg) + 0.01CP (%) − 0.01ADF (%) − 0.08NDF (%) + 0.02OM (%) (R2= 0.98,p< 0.01). This study found the energy value of sheepgrass to be 11 MJ/kg, which is similar to that of millet grass silage. The NDF was the main component that affected DMI and digestibility. Using a hay replacement ratio of 28.5% to determine the forage value of sheepgrass allowed accurate prediction equations to be established. The NDF demonstrated the strongest correlation with DMI, NDFD, OMD, DE, and ME. DE was estimated to be the best single predictor of ME.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
饲料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Toxics
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·326
·
IF 4.6
Xiaoran Ma,Xin Chen,Haonan Hou,Donghui Liu,Xueke Liu,Peng Wang,Zhiqiang Zhou
As two commonly used fungicides, carbendazim and tebuconazole are widely found in the environment and in foods. Studies have reported that these fungicides can induce hepatic oxidative stress and other health risks. Nevertheless, the influences of exposure to carbendazim and tebuconazole at their acceptable daily intake (ADI) doses on hepatic oxidative stress, and the residual distributions in mice remain unclear. To fill these gaps, ICR (CD-1) mice were exposed to carbendazim and tebuconazole at their ADI doses by oral administration for 4 weeks in this study. The results showed that tebuconazole accumulated primarily in the epididymal fat of mice (16.84 μg/kg), whereas no significant residues of carbendazim in the tissues were observed. In addition, exposure to ADI doses of tebuconazole significantly reduced liver coefficients and induced hepatic oxidative stress in mice, including elevating the levels of glutathione and malonaldehyde. However, no significant impacts were observed on the hepatic redox homeostasis in mice after exposure to carbendazim at its ADI dose. The results could be helpful for understanding the exposure risks of carbendazim and tebuconazole in terms of low doses and long term.Keywords:carbendazim;tebuconazole;residue;oxidative stress;acceptable daily intake
研究领域:
毒理学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2017
·Vol. 14
·期 9
·970
·
IF 2.101
Gehui Wang,Jianjiang Lu,Zhenni Xing,Shanman Li,Zilong Liu,Yanbin Tong
Despite risks associated with perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in many regions, little is known about their prevalence in Xinjiang. We determined the presence of 13 PFAAs in 293 beef muscle and liver samples collected in 22 cities covering northern, southern, and eastern Xinjiang using liquid chromatography, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, the average values for PFAAs were relatively low compared with previous studies. Liver presented higher mean levels of total PFAAs at 1.632 ng/g, which was over 60-fold higher than in muscle (0.026 ng/g). Among the PFAAs analyzed, medium-chain compounds were dominant, accounting for more than 70% of the total. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was highly prevalent in the liver with the highest mean concentration (0.617 ng/g) and detection frequency (80%). When comparing the three regions of Xinjiang, we found differences in PFAA profiles, with the northern region showing the highest levels. Furthermore, the average daily intake and hazard ratios of PFOS and perfluorooctanoic acid varied by region, urban/rural environment, gender, ethnicity, and age. The highest risk value of 13 PFAAs was estimated to be 0.837 × 10−3, which is far below 1, indicating that there is no health risk posed by eating beef muscle and liver in Xinjiang.Keywords:perfluoroalkyl acids;muscle;liver;average daily intake;health risk;Xinjiang
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 11.4
Qing Zhang,Yingying Yang,Nanxiu Shang,Yu Xiao,Yilin Xiao,Yanna Liu,Xiaoman Jiang,Edmond Sanganyado,Shaoda Liu,Xinghui Xia
There is growing evidence that the transformation products of emerging contaminants in foodstuffs may pose a health risk to humans. However, the exact identities, levels, and estimated dietary intake (EDI) of neonicotinoid transformation products in crops remain poorly understood. We established an extended suspect screening strategy to investigate neonicotinoid insecticides and their transformation products in retail cowpea from 11 cities in Hainan Province, China. Forty-nine transformation products were identified in retail cowpea, of which 22–36 were found in 98.6% of the samples. Notably, 31 new transformation products were derived from new processes or a combination of different transformation processes. The mean concentrations of neonicotinoids and nine of the transformation products (with authentic standards) were in the ranges of 0.0824–5.34 and 0.0636–1.50 ng/g, respectively. The cumulative EDIs of the quantified transformation products were lower than those of parent neonicotinoids with the exception of clothianidin desmethyl, which had a ratio of 1157%. However, the coexistence of the other 40 transformation products (without authentic standards) in cowpea suggested that the exposure risk from all of the transformation products might be higher. This study demonstrated that pesticide transformation products should be considered in food chain risk assessments and included in future regulatory management.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-Chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment
·
2023
·
IF 2.9
Liqun Zhang,Pinggu Wu,Xiaoling Xiang,Huali He,Sha Yu
The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of 3-monochoropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters from edible oils for the Zhejiang population in China. Exposure assessment of 3-MCPD esters was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulation based on the concentrations of 3-MCPD esters in edible oils combined with survey data on the eating habits of Chinese residents classified by age group and gender. The simulation results indicated that the mean daily intakes (CDI) of 3-MCPD esters for children 7–10 years old were 2.154 µg (kg BW d)−1 for boys and 2.049 µg (kg BW d)−1 for girls, which are lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of 4 µg (kg BW d)−1 for 3-MCPD and 3-MCPD esters individually or in combination, set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. The range of mean dietary intakes of 3-MCPD esters in different subpopulation groups ranged 1.242–1.672 µg (kg BW d)−1, which was lower than the PMTDI. However, the CDI values of 3-MCPD esters in high percentile exposure subgroups (95th, 99th) of males (7–49 years old) and females (7–10 and 50–75 years old) were all above 4µg (kg bw d)−1. Outside of the senior group (50–75 years old), males had more exposure to 3-MCPD than females. The average hazard indexes (HI) of 3-MCPD esters to male and female children were 1.257 and 1.024, respectively, indicating there was a risk, but no immediate measures are required to address this risk. The average HI of 3-MCPD esters to adolescent, adult, and seniors were all below 1, indicating risk for those age groups were at an acceptable level.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
毒理学
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xinlei Yuan,Fang Wu,Le Cheng,Tengteng Ji,Chenyan Zheng,Yumeng Ma,Yutong Jin,Jianguo Dong,Yan Jin,Bing Fang
The acceptable daily intake (ADI) and maximum residue limits in food for chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphorus pesticide, may damage the intestine. Here, we evaluated damage to the intestine by CPF at the ADI (0.01 mg/kg bodyweight/day) and at 10 times the ADI (10ADI; 0.1 mg/kg bodyweight/day) in mice after 8 weeks of exposure and evaluated the resulting immune response to an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection. CPF at the ADI dose significantly disrupted the intestinal integrity and intestinal stem cell functionality, which may be associated with reduced indole-3-propionic acid levels. However, mice in the 10ADI group exhibited only elevated pro-inflammatory cell and cytokine levels. During ETEC infection, intestinal mucosal immunity was activated by the 10ADI dose, as indicated by increased regulatory T cells and IL-10 levels, which were associated with decreased fecal butyric acid content. Our study demonstrated that the effects of pesticide residues appear to be dose-specific, bringing attention to the health risk at the ADI level.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
免疫学
·
胃肠病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Xinhao Wang,Mengting Xu,Anqi Yang,Yakun Wang,Shengnan Hou,Na Zheng,Dapeng Liang,Xiuyi Hua,Deming Dong
Food delivery services have developed rapidly in China in recent years. Tens of thousands of food delivery services use hundreds of millions of plastic containers as packaging each year. This plastic packaging has the potential to cause health risks following population exposure to phthalic acid esters (PAEs) through the consumption of takeaway food in China. In this study, we used an online approach to distribute questionnaires nationwide to investigate the dietary characteristics of Chinese takeaway consumers. We collected a total of 952 valid questionnaires from 32 provinces. We also collected the main types of food packaging used in the market ( n = 18). Based on the migration of PAEs to the food from the plastic packaging, we used the differentiated event frequency ( EF ) to calculate the chronic daily intake ( CDI ) of PAEs in different population. We then comprehensively evaluated the hazard quotient ( HQ ) and carcinogenic risk ( CR ) of PAE exposure in different regions and for different populations. The CDI values of different PAEs were low, at about 5.0 × 10 −04 –3.5 × 10 −03 μg·kg −1 ·d −1 . The amount of various PAEs released from white opaque plastic containers were relatively small, indicating that their use was relatively safe, although region, age, occupation and other factors had different degrees of impact on the CDI . The HQ was 0–0.15, and the CR was 0–1.4 × 10 −08 . The non-carcinogenic risks were < 1 and carcinogenic risks were < 1E-06 in all cases. Although no significant health risks were identified, we recommend that attention should still be given to the potential harm of PAEs. High food temperatures and high-fat food characteristics, as well as a higher frequency of consumption, will exacerbate the health risks. In addition, a small number of children and pregnant women also consumed food stored in the plastic food containers. The behavior of these sensitive groups should be controlled.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2019
·
IF 5.714
Junjie Ao,Tao Yuan,Hui Xia,Yuning Ma,Zhemin Shen,Rong Shi,Ying Tian,Jun Zhang,Wenjin Ding,Li Gao,Xiaodong Zhao,Xiaodan Yu
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous in the environmental matrix, and their eco-toxicity on wide life and health risks on humans arising concerns. Due to the information gap, current risk assessments of PFAS ignore the indoor exposure pathway such as indoor dust and the different sources of drinking water . We collected and analyzed 168 indoor dust and 27 drinking water samples (including tap water , filtered water and bottled water). The mean concentrations of six typical PFAS measured in indoor dust and drinking water are in the range of 15.13–491.07 ng g −1 and 0.31–4.14 ng L −1 , respectively. For drinking water, PFOA and PFOS were the dominant compounds, while PFHxS was the most abundant in indoor dust. Short-chain PFAS concentrations were higher than long-chain PFAS in both drinking water and indoor dust. Higher concentration of PFAS was observed in tap water and filtered water than bottled water. The total daily intake (TDI) of six PFAS are 20.67–52.97 ng kg −1 d −1 for infants, children, teenagers, and adults. As to children, teenagers, and adults, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is the major compound, accounting for 72.9–74.7% of the total daily intake. And PFOA (38.7%) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 42.2%) are the dominant PFAS for infants. The quantitative proportions of exposure sources are firstly revealed in this study, which in the order of foodstuff > indoor dust > drinking water > indoor air. Although the contribution to the PFAS intake of drinking water and indoor dust was not predominant (<9%), the health risks caused by long-term exposure need our attention. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of total PFAS were in the range of 0.154–0.498, which suggesting the relatively lower exposure risk in Chinese population. This study provides important reference to understand PFAS exposure status other than foodstuff.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Chen Liang,Li Fei,Ma Zhiyuan,Wang Aiqin,Kang Yuru,Liu Baocang,Xu Hui,Li Jiandong,Wang Xinji,Li Kaidong
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of including a mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay (MDA) into a naturally moldly diet for Hu lambs. Fifty male Hu lambs with similar initial body weight (28.24 ± 1.80 kg) were randomly allocated into five dietary treatments: a basal diet containing naturally occurring mycotoxins with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kg/t MDA, and basal diet with a commercial mycotoxin adsorbent Solis with montmorillonite as the major component at 1 kg/t. Both MDA and Solis increased average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI; P ≤ 0.004), and there was no difference in growth performance between MDA and Solis (P ≥ 0.26). The final body weight, DMI, and ADG were linearly increased with increasing MDA supplementation (P < 0.01). Lambs treated with both MDA and Solis demonstrated greater apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and energy compared with the control group (P ≤ 0.03), and there were no differences in nutrient digestibilities between MDA and Solis (P ≥ 0.38). Digestibility of CP was linearly increased with the increasing MDA supplementation (P = 0.01). Neither MDA nor Solis affected rumen total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration (P ≥ 0.39), but decreased the acetate-to-propionate ratio and molar proportion of n-butyrate (P ≤ 0.01), and MDA also increased the concentration of ammonia (P = 0.003). Besides, increasing MDA supplementation linearly reduced the acetate-to-propionate ratio and molar proportion of n-butyrate (P = 0.01), but linearly and quadratically increased the concentration of ammonia (P ≥ 0.003). These results showed that the incorporation of MDA into a naturally moldy diet of Hu lambs yielded comparable results to the Solis product, with higher growth performance and nutrient digestibility but lower acetate-to-propionate ratio observed. In conclusion, including ≥ 1 kg/t of MDA in high mycotoxin risk diets for growing lambs improves feed intake and rumen fermentation.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
畜牧学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Getu Kassaw,Tolera Seda Badessa,Dessie Ezez
This study was aimed to determine the mineral contents and their hazardous level and associated health risk assessments in Sesame indicum Linn. seed samples grown in Ethiopia. To determine some selected metals (Na, Mg, Ca, K, Fe, Cu and Zn) in the samples, flame atomic absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS) was used, and for the determination of phosphorus, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer was used. The health risk assessment via consumption of S. indicum Linn seed has been conducted through evolution of estimated daily intake (EDI), Target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values. The estimated daily intake (EDI) levels for male adults varied between 0.0511 μ g/kg/day to 0.829 μ g/kg/day, whereas for female adults were 0.0471 μ g/kg/day to 0.125 μ g/kg/day. The values of target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) for male and female adult consumers in the studied sites were less than one ( < 1), indicates that there is no serious health risk for adults by the ingestion of S. indicum Linn seed.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
环境健康学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）