Haidong Wang,Ji Qiu,Minyao Zhou,Yanqiu Luo,Xinyu Li,Minqi Wang
In this study, we investigated the effect of monobutyrin (MB) on the gut microbiota and intestinal health of weaned mice. MB was administered via gavage to 21-day-old weaned mice. Samples of small intestinal and ileal contents were collected on day 1, day 7, and day 21 post-administration. Seven days of MB administration enhanced the mucin layer and morphological structure of the intestine and the integrity of the intestinal brush border. Both MB and sodium butyrate (SB) accelerated tight junction development. Compared to SB, MB modulated intestinal T cells in a distinct manner. MB increased the ratio of Treg cells in the small intestine upon the cessation of weaning. After 21 days of MB administration, enhancement of the villus structure of the ileum was observed. MB increased the proportion of Th17 cells in the ileum. MB facilitated the transition of the small intestinal microbiota toward an adult microbial community structure and enhanced the complexity of the microbial community structure. An increase in Th17 cells enhanced intestinal barrier function. The regulatory effect of MB on Th17 cells may occur through the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, MB can potentially be used to promote intestinal barrier function, especially for weaning animals, with promising application prospects.
Human milk oligosaccharides could prevent pathogenic bacterial infections in neonates; however, direct in vivo anti-infection evidence was still lacking. Here, we systematically evaluated the effects of 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) and 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) on the structural development and functional maturation in neonates and their defense against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli infection. It was found that supplementation with 2′-FL and 3′-SL improved the resistance of weaned mice to enteroaggregative E. coli. The mechanism related to the promotion of 2′-FL and 3′-SL in the maturation of intestinal mucosal immunity by promoting stem cell differentiation, mucus layer integrity, and tight junction formation. 2′-FL and 3′-SL significantly increased the ratio of Th1 and Treg cells in the lamina propria, contents of short-chain fatty acids, as well as the serum content of IgA. This study lays a theoretical basis for the application of 2′-FL and 3′-SL in infant formula, as well as the development of intestinal health products.
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