Minerals
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2021
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·410
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IF 2.644
Yangjia Hu,Zhiqiang Zhao,Liang Lu,Huanyu Zhu,Wei Xiong,Yangge Zhu,Sigang Luo,Xingrong Zhang,Bingqiao Yang
In this study, a novel organic depressant maleyl 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (MATT) was synthesized and utilized as a galena depressant in the flotation separation of molybdenite and galena. The results of the flotation test indicated that MATT exhibited an excellent depression ability on galena but barely influenced the flotation of molybdenite in the pH range of 6.0–11.0. Zeta potential results suggested that MATT preferentially adsorbed on galena surface. UV-visible spectroscopy analysis indicated that the stoichiometric ratio of lead ion and reagent in the complex compound. XPS analysis demonstrated that the S (-SH) atom and N (1,3,4-thiadiazole group) atom of MATT coordinated with the Pb atom on galena surface.Keywords:flotation;galena;molybdenite;depressant;MATT
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 4.439
Kai Jia,Qiming Feng,Guofan Zhang,Wanying Ji,Wukai Zhang,Bingqian Yang
Smithsonite is a readily dissolvable carbonate mineral that is naturally hydrophilic, making recovery of this ore by flotation difficult. The flotation results showed that conditioning with only sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) did not successfully allow the smithsonite samples to float, whereas treatment with a combination of S(II), Pb(II) and xanthate (with Na 2 S as the sulfurizing reagent, lead ions (Pb(II)) as the activator, and xanthate as the collector) improved the flotation of smithsonite, achieving a mass recovery of 95.8%. A combination of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in conjunction with depth profiling , was used to investigate the chemical nature of the sulfur and lead species on the smithsonite surface. For S(II)-conditioned smithsonite, a layer of ZnS formed on the smithsonite (ZnCO 3 ) substrates; this newly formed ZnS coating was amorphous or poorly crystallized. For smithsonite samples conditioned with S(II) and Pb(II), the microstructures and the phase constituents, obtained by AFM and XRD analyses, confirmed the formation of the PbS species with a cubic galena structure on the surface. XPS depth profiling showed that the PbS layer was 18-nm thick, which corresponds to 30 PbS molecular layers . This study presents direct evidence that the coating of the activation product, PbS, on the smithsonite surface was similar to a relatively thick galena layer, which led to successful flotation.
研究领域:
矿物学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Zhihao Shen,Qicheng Feng,Shuming Wen,Han Wang,Jing Cao,Zhengyong Song
The separation of polymetallic sulfide ores by flotation is a difficult task in the mineral processing industry. In this investigation, a small-molecule organic compound, mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA), was used as a new depressant for inhibiting galena in chalcopyrite flotation. Micro-flotation and surface wettability tests indicated that MSA pronouncedly weakened the floatability of galena but not chalcopyrite, resulting in marked differences in their flotation recovery. Findings of Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy measurements and reagent adsorption trials showed that MSA was strongly adsorbed on galena, resulting in the inability of the collector to effectively interact with galena. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses further corroborated that MSA showed a greater affinity for galena than chalcopyrite, this behavior markedly altered the superficial chemical environment of galena. Molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) showed that MSA increased the concentrations of H 2 O molecules on galena, which enhanced the surface hydrophilicity of galena.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
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DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.518
Rongdong Deng,Yi Wang,Wenting Duan,Dingquan Xing,Yuan Hu
Smithsonite is a common oxidized zinc ore , and its recovery has gained increasing attention to meet the high demand for zinc. Current methods to concentrate oxidized zinc ores are through sulfidation flotation or “sulfidation + metal + xanthate” flotation. However, such techniques are not sufficiently efficient for treating smithsonite. In this study, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 was used to pre-treat smithsonite as a crystallization inducer, and the mechanism of lead modification was studied through micro-flotation tests, adsorption measurements, contact angle measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and TOF-SIMS analysis. The micro-flotation test results showed that the recovery of smithsonite after Pb 2+ pre-treatment increased from 80.3% to 85.3%. The comprehensive results of adsorption experiments, contact angle measurements, XRD and SEM analysis indicated that Pb 2+ adsorbed on the smithsonite surface and transformed portion of smithsonite into cerussite, increasing the active sites on the mineral surface for adsorption of S ions . The newly formed PbS after sulfidation had an effect of induced crystallization on subsequently formed PbS, increasing PbS species and making the surface more effective for xanthate flotation. ToF-SIMS was used to visualize the 3D distribution of Pb 2+ and S 2- adsorption, and it further proved that pre-treatment with Pb(NO 3 ) 2 enhanced the sulfidation process of smithsonite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
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2025
·
IF 7.2
Wang Chao,Wu Zhongxian,Wang Tongbo,Qiao Bo,Huang Hao,Ran Jincheng,Ma Guangxi,Tao Dongping
To investigate the mechanisms of how nanobubbles enhance the flotation separation performance of galena from pyrite, the effects of nanobubbles on the surface properties of galena and pyrite and the interactions between mineral particles and air bubbles were examined in this study. Various analytical techniques, including focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), three-phase contact line (TPCL) analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurement, were employed. It has been demonstrated that nanobubbles significantly enhanced the flotation recovery of galena and its flotation selectivity from pyrite, as compared to the conventional flotation process. The preferential formation of nanobubbles on the galena surface, which is more hydrophobic than pyrite surface, further increased the surface hydrophobicity and agglomeration of galena particles. The introduction of nanobubbles into the flotation system also increased in the maximum TPCL length and detachment length between the galena surface and bubbles, contributing to the enhanced flotation efficiency.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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界面化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Heng Yu,Hongliang Zhang,Chenyang Zhang,Wei Sun,Mingjun Han,Rong Wang,Xin Wei,Songjiang Li
With the increased use of silver in industry, a lot of wastewater containing silver is produced. If this wastewater is not treated, it will seriously impact both the ecological environment and human life. In order to effectively remove Ag + from silver-containing wastewater, this study innovatively developed a natural mineral-based adsorption material (galena). The effects of reaction time, galena dosage, starting concentration, initial particle size, temperature, and solution pH on Ag + removal were first studied using batch studies. The outcomes demonstrated that the initial Ag + concentration of 50 mg/L reduced to 0.086 mg/L with the reaction duration of 15 min, the galena dose of 5 g/L, the initial particle size of −400 mesh (38 μm), the reaction temperature of 25 °C, and the pH of 5. The adsorption results show that the removal behavior of Ag + by galena is consistent with the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model and the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model, with the maximum adsorption amount of 18.78 mg/g. Solution chemical analysis shows that in the Ag + -NO 3 2− -Pb 2+ -S 2− system, Ag + mainly reacts with S 2− and forms a precipitate at pH = 5–6. SEM-EDS, FT-IR, and XPS analysis also showed that S 2− and Ag + are bound together as Ag 2 S in the galena surface. Orbital hybridization of the 4d orbitals of Ag + with the S 2− 3p orbitals occurs during the adsorption process according to density functional theory (DFT) calculations. During the adsorption process, Ag + undergo charge transfer with S 2− in the surface of galena.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Zhihao Shen,Qicheng Feng,Shuming Wen,Han Wang
Novel eco-friendly organic depressants with high selectivity are attracting ever-growing interests. The selective inhibition effect of pyrogallic acid (PA) on galena in chalcopyrite flotation was investigated in this study. Flotation trials showed that PA markedly depressed galena with only a small effect on chalcopyrite, which contributed to the separation of chalcopyrite and galena by flotation after adding a low dosage of PA. Surface hydrophobicity tests suggested that PA strongly adsorbed on galena but not on chalcopyrite, which attenuated the adsorption activity of collector on galena, thus rendering galena highly hydrophilic. Conversely, chalcopyrite still retained favorable floatability. These findings were corroborated by the results obtained from infrared and surface adsorption measurements. Results of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements also validated the strong adsorption of PA on galena. This behavior promoted the generation of other hydrophilic species on galena. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations demonstrated that PA tended to adsorb on galena, and water molecules accumulated on galena following PA adsorption, which would decrease the floatability of galena.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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计算化学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
·
IF 8.1
Fan Feng,Haiyang He,Dan Liu,Siqing Liu,Jianjun Fang,Shuming Wen
This study presents an organic reagent, quercetin, as a flotation depressant used to effectively separate chalcopyrite and galena. Quercetin and O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate (IPETC) are used as depressants and collectors, respectively, and results of micro-flotation tests showed that quercetin can depress galena and has less effect on chalcopyrite. Tests of artificially mixed samples of the chalcopyrite and galena show that the separation effect of quercetin as a depressant is better than that of sodium sulfate and sodium silicate combined depressant, it is close to that of potassium bichromate as a depressant, that is, it has the potential to be a depressant to achieve selective separation of chalcopyrite and galena. The X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results demonstrate that quercetin can chemisorb with oxidized metal sites on minerals’ surfaces. Results of the contact angle, adsorption capacity, and Atomic Force Microscope show that quercetin has comparable adsorption amounts on both minerals’ surfaces, and can hinder the IPETC adsorption on the mineral surface, but the amount of IPETC adsorb on chalcopyrite is much higher than on galena surfaces. The differences in the adsorption of the collector on their surface are the main reason for realizing the separation of chalcopyrite from galena.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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有机化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
·
2024
·
IF 5.5
Linquan Dai,Bo Feng,Yutao Guo
Background Sphalerite and galena often exist in mixed form and are difficult to separate effectively. The effect of surface oxidation behavior regulation on the depression of calcium lentisulfonate (CLS) was studied in galena and sphalerite. Methods Flotation experiment, contact angle experiment, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and microcalorimetric experiment were used to study the effect and mechanism of modulation of surface oxidation behaviour on CLS on the depression of galena flotation. Significant findings The results show that CLS can depress both galena and sphalerite. The oxidizing agent H 2 O 2 oxidizes galena significantly faster than sphalerite. The treatment with H 2 O 2 induces the formation of more oxidation products, such as PbSO 4, on the surface of galena, enhances the adsorption of CLS and makes the surface of galena hydrophilic, thus reducing the recovery of galena in the flotation process. On the other hand, the treatment of the activator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) reduces the amount of oxidation products ZnSO 4 on the sphalerite surface, and CLS loses the active site that can be adsorbed on the galena surface, making the galena surface hydrophilic. In view of the huge hydrophobicity difference between sphalerite and galena, flotation separation is achieved.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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材料科学与工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 5.134
Mingyu Zheng,Tiefeng Peng,Yanhong Wang,Liqun Luo,Wei Shao,Jiaqi Gao,Qi Lu
Selective separation of pyrite and galena using 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI) as a chelating collector, was investigated by flotation , scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Single-mineral flotation showed a significant flotability of pyrite at pH = 2–4 and galena at pH = 8–10 in the presence of MBI. The depressant effect of pyrite was observed to be more pronounced under alkaline conditions. Artificially mixed minerals flotation suggested the galena-pyrite could be separated under alkaline conditions, especially at pH = 10. SEM analysis indicates that the adsorption of MBI on galena surface is more intense than pyrite. However, the interaction between MBI and pyrite is stronger than that of MBI-galena. FT-IR analysis shows the iron and lead ions may chelate with -N = and -SH groups of MBI. Pyrite contains more iron hydroxide (or sulfate forms) in solution from XPS analysis, only half of the metallic ions on the surface function as active sites, thus reducing the amount of metal that can be chelated with MBI. DFT calculations revealed that MBI was often in the molecular form under acidic mediums and the ionic form under alkaline condition, while the ionic form of MBI was more active.
研究领域:
矿物学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Qinbo Cao,Yan Yan,Heng Zou,Haiyu Zhang,Dianwen Liu,Shuming Wen,Yanjun Li
The separation of galena (PbS) from chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) requires strong oxidants for the depression of PbS, due to the excellent hydrophobicity of PbS. In this work, an advanced oxidation process, i.e., S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ treatment, was employed to selectively depress PbS. The parameters of the S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ process were determined via flotation tests as follows: pH 3, 1:1 S 2 O 8 2− : Fe 2+ molar ratio, and 10 min reaction time. The S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ treatment selectivity decreased the hydrophobicity of the PbS surface. UV–vis spectroscopy results revealed that SO 4 − (major species) and OH radicals were produced in solution by the activation of Fe 2+ . The SO 4 − / OH radicals reacted with the PbS surface, generating the SO 4 2− and PbSO 4 species. These species coated the PbS surface, forming a hydrophilic PbS surface and inhibiting the PbS flotation. By contrast, the S 2 O 8 2− /Fe 2+ treatment generated only a minimal amount of SO 4 2− (5.98 % of the total S species) on the CuFeS 2 surface. Therefore, the CuFeS 2 surface was hydrophobic and CuFeS 2 particles could still be floated into the foam phase. This study provides a promising method for the selective depression of PbS in the PbS-CuFeS 2 mixture.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Haiyu Zhang,Qinbo Cao,Yan Yan,Heng Zou,Xingguo Huang,Dianwen Liu
The flotation separation of galena (PbS) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ) is not yet fully resolved due to the lack of efficient depressants. This study proposed a new depressant, i.e. an Fe 2+ /NaClO system, as an efficient PbS depressant. The inhibition effect of the Fe 2+ /NaClO system is attributed to the oxidation effect of •OH radicals from the reaction between HClO and Fe 2+ . The recovery of PbS is only 9.48 % and that of CuFeS 2 is 82.33 % under the following conditions: pH 3.5, 4 min reaction time, 10:1 Fe 2+ :NaClO molar ratio and 1 × 10 −2 mol/L NaClO concentration. Contact angle test results suggested that the hydrophobicity of PbS was decreased by conditioning with the Fe 2+ /NaClO system. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the S 2− species on the PbS surface was oxidised into SO 4 2− , and thus, PbSO 4 occurred on the PbS surface. Furthermore, SO 4 2− concentration reached 61.67 % of the total S species. Oxidative production coated the PbS surface well, depressing PbS flotation. However, the Fe 2+ /NaClO system barely changed the components of the CuFeS 2 surface. The CuFeS 2 surface still exhibits a high hydrophobic level. Therefore, PbS can be efficiently separated from CuFeS 2 by using the Fe 2+ /NaClO system.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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