JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2023
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IF 9.9
Kunling Liu,Yao Cheng,Jinhao Li,Dan Ding,Yunlan Liu,Guangxian Zhang,Fengxiu Zhang
Cotton fabrics are extremely flammable. Therefore, ammonium salt of dipentaerythritol hexaphosphoric acid (ADPHPA), a novel reactive phosphorus flame retardant without halogen and formaldehyde, was synthesized by solvent-free synthesis method. Surface chemical graft modification was chosen to introduce flame retardant, imparting its flame retardancy and washability. SEM indicated that ADPHPA entered the interior of cotton fiber, which was grafted with OH of control cotton fabrics (CCF) by forming P O C covalent bonds to obtain treated cotton fabrics (TCF). There were no apparent differences in the fiber morphology and crystal structure after treatment according to SEM and XRD analysis. TG analysis demonstrated that the decomposition process of TCF was changed compared with CCF, while lower heat release rate and total heat release of TCF indicated its combustion efficiency was also reduced based on cone calorimetry test. Meanwhile, in the durability test, TCF had undergone 50 laundering cycles (LCs) in accordance with AATCC-61-2013 3A standard and had a short vertical combustion charcoal length, which were able to be regard as durable flame-retardant fabrics. The mechanical properties of TCF decreased to a degree, but did not affect the actual use of cotton fabrics. Taken as a whole, ADPHPA has research significance and development potential as a durable phosphorus-based flame retardant.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纺织工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
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2025
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IF 5.1
Xinyi Gao,Zhiyong Li,Xinru Bai,Yuting Dong,Jingjing Meng
There are many concerns associated with high-valued applications of bisphenol A, especially for health and safety issues. Since its widespread use in epoxy resins, related functionalization upgrading has garnered a lot of attention. In particular, its high flammability poses a major risk to property and human safety. To reduce flammability, epoxy monomers, such as 2,2′-(((propane-2,2-diylbis(2-allyl-4,1-phenylene))bis (oxy))bis(methylene))bis(oxirane)(DBAQ) and 2,2′-(((propane-2, 2-diylbis(2, 6-diallyl-4, 1- phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(methylene))bis(oxirane)(DBAW) containing multiple allyls and epoxides have been fabricated and then cured using aromatic amines via a solvent-free process. Therein, structural modification was achieved via a concurrent ring-opening polymerization/olefin polymerization. All these networks displayed good mechanical properties and outstanding thermal stability. Most importantly, all thermosets exhibited excellent flame retardancy displaying a UL-94-V0 rating for combustion. Thus, a green protocol has been established for the generation of halogen- and phosphorus-free functional epoxy resins. It is believed that this approach may provide strong potential for sustainability in practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
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2022
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IF 5.546
Yuqi Liu,Li Yuan,Guozheng Liang,Aijuan Gu
Endowing intrinsic halogen-free and phosphorus-free flame retardant biobased benzoxazine resins (biobased content > 50 %) with ultrahigh thermal stability and high strength is still an important and challenging issue. Herein, starting from citraconic anhydride and para -aminophenol or ortho -aminophenol, two isomeric phenolic compounds containing citraconimide groups, p CI and o CI , were designed and synthesized, each of which then reacted with furfurylamine and paraformaldehyde to synthesize novel para -functionalized benzoxazine monomer ( p CI–fa ) or ortho -functionalized benzoxazine monomer ( o CI–fa ). Results show that p CI–fa and o CI–fa have excellent processability, represented by low melting point ( p CI–fa : 150.0 °C, o CI–fa : 127.7 °C) and low curing temperature ( p CI–fa : 217.6 °C, o CI–fa : 205.5 °C); moreover, interestingly, there is no Diels-Alder reaction between citraconimide and furan groups. The cured resin from p CI–fa or o CI–fa , coded as poly( p CI–fa) or poly( o CI–fa) , has outstanding thermal resistance, tensile properties and flame retardancy. Especially, poly( p CI-fa) has better integrated performance than poly( o CI–fa) , and the initial thermal decomposition temperature ( T di ) of poly( p CI-fa) is as high as 391 °C, obviously higher than the those of all halogen-free and phosphorus-free flame retardant biobased benzoxazine resins (the biobased content > 50 %) reported in SCI database by 3 August 2022. The mechanism behind the integrated performances was discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2021
·Vol. 28
·期 11
·7355-7372
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IF 5.044
Guo Yingbin,Xiao Mengyuan,Ren Yuanlin,Liu Yansong,Wang Yang,Guo Xun,Liu Xiaohui
A novel effective halogen-free flame retardant (FR) rich in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) was synthesized via Mannich and esterification reaction of ethanolamine, glyoxal, phosphoric acid and urea, and used for the preparation of durable flame retardant lyocell fabric (FR-lyocell). Its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, 1 H and 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry and elemental analysis were conducted to test the phosphorous, carbon and nitrogen contents. The results confirmed that the FR was successfully synthesized and grafted on the lyocell fabric via firm P–O–C covalent bonds. The limiting oxygen index of the FR-lyocell treated with 30 wt% flame retardant finishing solution is 44.6%, demonstrating high efficiency flame retardancy. The thermo-gravimetric analysis indicated that FR-lyocell degraded preferentially than that of the control sample and the char residue was 38.8 wt% at 800 °C in N 2 atmosphere. In addition, the cone calorimeter test revealed that FR-lyocell could not be ignited and the peak of heat release rate was much lower than that of original specimen. Furthermore, the char residue of FR-lyocell is compact and the I D / I G value is 0.771, exhibiting a super degree of carbonization. Moreover, TG-IR result revealed that FR played dual flame-retardant effect in the gaseous and condensed phases. The flame retardant finishing has a negligible impact on the mechanical properties of the fibers. In summary, FR-lyocell exhibits excellent flame retardancy and superior char forming capability, which is suitable for the preparation of flame retardant lyocell fibers. Graphic abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
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纺织工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2023
·Vol. 8
·期 37
·e202301015
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IF 2.1
Heming Zhang,Chan Meng,Qian Su,Li Dong,Wen Liu,Xiaokang Wang,Yunong Li,Weiguo Cheng
Graphical In this work, a series of halogen-free phosphonium ionic liquids (ILs) regulated by steric hindrance were designed and synthesized, for the catalytic synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO 2 and epoxides, the effect of catalyst structures with different steric hindrance on catalytic activity was studied, and a plausible synergistic catalytic mechanism was proposed. The halogen-free bifunctional ILs proposed in this study provides a new insight on catalyst design and CO 2 utilization. In the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) with epoxides, halogen catalysts lead to halogen loss and environmental pollution. It is necessary to design efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts. A series of halogen-free phosphonium ionic liquids (ILs) regulated by steric hindrance were designed and synthesized. It is further used as effective catalysts for the catalytic conversion of CO 2 into cyclic carbonates. The effect of different catalyst structures on catalytic activity has been investigated. Amino group has been shown to contribute to increased activity, and its location determines the degree of increased activity. Among them, [Bu 4 P] 2 [5-AMP] with meta-substitution showed the best catalytic activity, the conversion of propylene oxide (PO) was 96 % at the optimum conditions of 120 °C, 2 MPa and 3 h. Based on characterization analysis and DFT calculations, the interaction of ILs with CO 2 and PO were revealed. Finally, a plausible synergistic catalytic mechanism was proposed. The halogen-free, metal-free phosphonium ILs proposed in this paper provide a new insight on catalyst design and CO 2 utilization.
研究领域:
化学
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环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2020
·Vol. 27
·期 8
·4817-4829
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IF 4.21
Zhu Wenju,Yang Mingyang,Huang Hao,Dai Zhao,Cheng Bowen,Hao Shuaishuai
Abstract A halogen-free, non-formaldehyde and eco-friendly bio-based synergistic flame retardant containing phosphorus–boron–nitrogen elements were synthesized and applied on cotton fabrics. Three curing cycles in cotton finishing process were employed. Samples treated with 30 g/L PBN solutions revealed the best result, while high concentrations did not gain more weight increase nor improved performance on the products. The SEM morphologies suggested penetration of ammonium phytate groups to the inner space and floatation of boron-containing groups on the surfaces of the cotton fibers. FTIR and XPS analyses indicated that after 50 laundering cycles, the boron can still stay on the surface of the treated cotton fibers. The LOI value of 30 g/L PBN finished cotton fabrics reached 45.0% and remained at 37.6% after 50 LCs. The char length of the treated cotton sample was 63 mm, whereas the control sample was 300 mm. The TG analysis in N 2 demonstrated that the decomposition temperature of the treated fabric slightly decreased, while the thermal oxidation stability was significantly improved. Cone calorimetry analysis showed that the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and effective heat combustion of the treated samples were substantially reduced compared with the control sample at 50 kW/m 2 . LOI, TG, vertical burning and cone calorimetry showed that the PBN treated samples had good flame retardancy and thermal stability. Graphic abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
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纺织工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
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2020
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IF 4.231
Yao Wang,Li Yuan,Guozheng Liang,Aijuan Gu
A novel type of intrinsic flame retardant thermosetting resin without halogen and phosphorus elements (BDS) was developed based on building crosslinked network with a new disulfide-containing aryl allyl ether compound (DS) and bismaleimide. The molar ratio of DS to bismaleimide has a significant effect on performances of BDS resins, the resin (BDS-0.86) of which the molar ratio of DS to bismaleimide is 0.86 shows the best integrated performances including outstanding flame retardancy, high flexural strength (128.2 ± 8.6 MPa) and the highest glass transition temperature (336 °C) among halogen-free and phosphorus-free flame retarding bismaleimide resins reported so far. The origin of superior integrated performances of BDS-0.86 was intensively discussed from molecular structures and curing mechanism.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2023
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IF 6.4
Huan Zhao,Zhipeng Yin,Pengcheng Gu,Yang Liu,WeiYan Wang,Huahang Lai,Hai-Qiao Wang,Ning Li,Weijie Song
The state-of-the-art organic solar cells (OSCs) are basically based on halogenated active materials and solvents. However, halogens/halides could be detrimental to the stability of OSCs due to their corrosiveness to the interface and the electrode. On the other hand, the introduction of halogens, especially the use of halogen solvents, could cause hazards to the environment, further limiting the application of OSCs. Thus, it is meaningful to explore and develop efficient and stable OSCs based on halogen-free materials and solvents. It is demonstrated that fully halogen-free OSCs deliver efficient performance as well with an efficiency of 10.42%, based on the nonhalogenated active blend PBDB-T:ITIC and the nonhalogenated processing solvent CS2. More importantly, superior thermal stability is achieved for the halogen-free cells, with 95% of the initial efficiency retained in 1400 h under 85 °C in a N2 atmosphere, due to the stabilized blend morphology and impeded corrosion of the metal electrode. These results provide insights into the thermal degradation of OSCs and suggest possible rules/directions for the design of active materials and selection of solvents to achieve efficient and thermally stable OSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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可再生能源
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太阳能电池技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 9.2
Xiaoqing Yang,Jinshan Zhao,JunFeng Zeng,Bihua Chen,Liang Tang,Jun Zhang,Akif Zeb,Zhiyong Li,Shiguo Zhang,Yan Zhang
Hyper-crosslinked porous ionic polymers (HCPIPs) are important materials for CO2 capture and catalytic conversion. In this work, we used ion exchange to combine the cross-linking-active tetraphenylborate anion (BPh4-) with a guanidine-based (Gua) ionic liquid (IL), forming a halogen-free IL ([Gua][BPh4]). Using different proportions of formaldehyde dimethyl acetal (FDA), we successfully constructed a series of halogen-free guanidine-functionalized HCPIPs (Gua-HCPIP-x) and achieved efficient CO2 capture and conversion. Specifically, Gua-HCPIP-4, which had rich porosity and a high specific surface achieved a CO2 adsorption capacity of up to 3.2 mmol g-1. Gua-HCPIP-x, with guanidine and BPh4- groups, exhibited higher efficiency and selectivity in the catalytic N-formylation reaction of CO2. Under mild conditions (3 bar, 80 °C), Gua-HCPIP-4 achieved a 94% yield in the CO2 N-formylation reaction and maintained catalytic activity after 5 cycles. This study provides new insights into enhancing the catalytic activity of the CO2 N-formylation reaction and offers practical guidance for synthesizing halogen-free HCPIPs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
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IF 7.5
Xiaojun Bao,Zhiyuan Ma,Dongshun Deng
Phenolics are high added value materials mainly gained from coal tar and coal liquefaction oil. Present study systematically investigated new halogen-free betaine-glycolic acid and betaine-glycolic acid-ethylene glycol deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as extractants of phenol from model oil, including the influence of DES composition, DESs/oil mass ratio, extraction time, temperature, and initial phenol concentration on the extraction performances. The preferred betaine-glycolic acid-ethylene glycol (1:1:1) demonstrated the extraction efficiency of 96.5% and the toluene entrainment of 6.9%. Meanwhile, FT-IR, quantum chemistry (QC), and molecular dynamics (MD) mutually confirmed that the extraction was governed by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces between DESs and phenolics. These DESs demonstrated potential application in separating phenolics from oils due to their good and reversible extraction ability.
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 29
·15698-15707
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IF 14.511
Yuan Hu,Yuan-Yuan Yue,Chan Wang,Hai-Bo Zhu,S. Ted Oyama,Xiao-Jun Bao
Hierarchical zeolites show great promise in green chemical and petrochemical processes, but their syntheses usually involve the use of nitrogen-/halogen-containing templates whose removal from the as-synthesized zeolites via calcination inevitably leads to serious environmental pollution, high energy consumption and sometimes destruction of zeolite frameworks. We report an eco-friendly and acid-degradable polymer denoted as PK3 as a multifunctional template to synthesize single-crystal hierarchical zeolites. It is shown that by strongly interacting with zeolite aluminosilicate gel precursors, PK3 acts as a structure-directing agent for the nucleation and crystallization of the amorphous gel into protozeolite crystals, and via its adsorption on the surfaces of protozeolite crystals, PK3 greatly inhibits their growth and thereby results in the formation of zeolitic nanocrystals. Furthermore, these thermodynamically unstable nanocrystals encapsulating PK3 spontaneously aggregate, then align in an oriented manner, and at last ripen, leading to the formation of single-crystal zeolite particles with interconnected mesopores. Importantly, the removal of PK3 from the as-synthesized zeolites can be achieved by a simple acid treatment. Thanks to these unique characteristics of PK3, a nitrogen-/halogen-free and combustion-free route is successfully achieved for synthesizing hierarchical MFI, MOR and GME zeolites. Moreover, the synthesized MFI zeolite exhibits superior catalytic activity in cracking low-density polyethylene.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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环境科学
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催化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）