ENERGY & FUELS
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2024
·
IF 5.2
Yuxiang Chen,Chao Li,Lijun Zhang,Shu Zhang,Jun Xiang,Song Hu,Yi Wang,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Xun Hu
Pig manure is a typical solid waste, which features a high content of inorganics. These inorganics might be involved in thermochemical conversion of pig manure, and this was investigated herein by pyrolysis of pig manure leached with varied concentrations of H2SO4 (0.5–6 mol L–1) at 600 °C. The removal of acid-leachable inorganics [CaCO3, Ca3(PO4)2, alkaline oxides, etc.] exposed more acidic sites derived from the oxides, like SiO2. This enhanced production of the gases at the expense of bio-oil. Furthermore, aromatization and secondary condensation reactions were also promoted, increasing not only the yield of char (from 29.6 to 39.7%, on an organic basis) but also the carbon content in char from 16.1% (blank sample) to 26.2% (leached with 6 mol L–1 H2SO4). Leaching partial inorganics rendered more sufficient contact and interaction between the organics, facilitating charring of organic matter. This further retained more carbon skeleton for generation of more micropores, which further enhanced the capability of the resulting char for adsorption of phenol. In situ infrared analysis indicated the presence of more abundant oxygen-containing functionalities and carbonaceous species after the leaching treatment, favoring the occurrence of aromatization reactions.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源转化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2020
·
IF 4.302
Biao Yang,Hua Fang,Bingqi Chen,Shun Yang,Zhichao Ye,Jianghua Yu
Chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ) disinfection usually does not produce halogenated disinfection by-products, but the formation of the inorganic by-product chlorite (ClO 2 – ) is a serious consideration. In this study, the ClO 2 – formation rule in the ClO 2 disinfection of drinking water was investigated in the presence of three representative reductive inorganics and four natural organic matters (NOMs), respectively. Fe 2+ and S 2– mainly reduced ClO 2 to ClO 2 – at low concentrations. When ClO 2 was consumed, the ClO 2 – would be further reduced by Fe 2+ and S 2– , leading to the decrease of ClO 2 – . The reaction efficiency of Mn 2+ with ClO 2 was lower than that of Fe 2+ and S 2– . It might be the case that MnO 2 generated by the reaction between Mn 2+ and ClO 2 had adsorption and catalytic oxidation on Mn 2+ . However, Mn 2+ would not reduce ClO 2 – . Among the four NOMs, humic acid and fulvic acid reacted with ClO 2 actively, followed by bovine serum albumin, while sodium alginate had almost no reaction with ClO 2 . The maximum ClO 2 – yields of reductive inorganics (70%) was higher than that of NOM (around 60%). The lower the concentration of reductive substances, the more ClO 2 – could be produced by per unit concentration of reductive substances. The results of the actual water samples showed that both reductive inorganics and NOM played an important role in the formation of ClO 2 – in disinfection.
研究领域:
环境科学
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水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Huai Liu,Yanping Kong,Weipeng Song,Rui Zhang,Junhua Zhang,Yong Sun,Lincai Peng
The inhibition effect of impurities in the raw lignocellulosic biomass greatly impedes its direct acid-catalyzed alcoholysis process to produce downstream chemicals. Previous literatures widely investigated the inhibition problems of lignin content and cellulose crystallite in the raw biomass for the production of alkyl levulinate (AL), while the effect of inorganic matters on this process only received cursory attention. In this contribution, the vital importance of ash removal in raw material for efficient catalytic alcoholysis of cellulose fraction been highlighted. Moreover, it has been found that the facile pretreatment of Napier grass stem greatly facilitates the acid-catalyzed alcoholysis of its cellulose fraction towards ethyl levulinate (EL), a versatile commodity chemical. EL yield as high as 72.1 % can be accomplished from the NaOH-pretreated Napier grass stem in ethanol/γ-valerolactone co-solvent medium over Al(OTf) 3 at 170 ℃ for 150 min, which is almost ten times that from the pristine one in ethanol medium. It is also interesting to note that a facile and green water prewashing treatment can efficiently remove the inorganic component of the raw biomass, which thus largely promotes the conversion of Napier grass stem to EL. The activation energies of cellulose degradation and glucopyranoside alcoholysis after pretreatment decreased to 62.4 kJ/mol and 68.6 kJ/mol, respectively. This work presents a highly-reliable strategy for valorizing grass lignocellulosic feedstock to produce bio-based ester compounds.
研究领域:
生物化学
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可再生资源与环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2020
·
IF 6.551
Xin Xiao,Zaiming Chen,Baoliang Chen
As an important part of biochar, surface functional group is the key interface between biochars and other phases, as well as an essential source of biochar's alkalinity and buffer abilities. However, due to the intricate organic and inorganic structures within biochars, the contribution from organic and inorganic matters to the functional groups remains unknown. In this work, the proton uptake curves were applied to study the functional groups of biochars via titration. Pine needle (PN) derived biochars with low inorganic content was selected for analyzing the organic functional groups variation under different pyrolysis temperatures. While rice straw (RS) derived biochars and the double-acid treated rice straw (DRS) derived biochars were compared for understanding the contributions from inorganic matters. The results indicate that the sorption behavior of proton onto biochars is surface adsorption, and the functional groups variation within PN biochars keeps consistent with reactions happened during pyrolysis. The inorganic matters within RS biochars contributed significantly to the buffering ability of biochars, and it is noteworthy to find that the contribution of inorganic matters of RS350, RS500, and RS700 on the total proton uptake stabilized at 67%, 84%, and 84% in the pH range of 2–8, respectively. As far as we know, this is the first report on separating the proton uptake ability of the organic and inorganic matters for biochars. The study on the interaction between biochars and proton will improve the estimation of the fate of ionizable pollutants, and the differentiation on the organic and inorganic matter contributions would benefit the understanding of biochar organic structures and inorganic structures.
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
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IF 7.5
Fangjun Chen,Jinze Dai,Henrik Ström,Yi Ouyang,Muhammad Shahzad Khurram,Bilainu Oboirien,Lin Lang,Qingang Xiong
The mechanisms by which calcium-rich inorganics within pulp and paper mill sludge (PPMS) influence the pyrolysis of its organic components remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of inorganic constituents on the evolution of pyrolysis products from major organic components (cellulose, plastics, lipids, proteins, and ink) in PPMS through fixed-bed pyrolysis experiments. The results demonstrated that inorganics significantly promoted secondary tar reactions by improving heat transfer, providing catalytic sites, and prolonging the residence time of pyrolysis vapors. These effects markedly increased gas yields, particularly CO 2 (e.g., by 29.27–35.41 mL/g for cellulose), and decreased tar yields (e.g., by 10.27–11.38 wt% for cellulose), while also altering tar composition. Specifically, calcium-rich inorganics catalyzed the conversion of cellulose into small ketone molecules such as hydroxyacetone, reducing the proportions of anhydrosugars and furans. For plastics, PPMS ash promoted the β -scission of long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons and the transformation of monocyclic hydrocarbons into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons while also increasing char formation. For lipids, calcium-rich inorganics effectively catalyzed the decarboxylative ketonization of palmitic acid to produce 2-heptadecanone. For proteins, PPMS ash suppressed NH 3 release and promoted nitrogen migration into nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. For ink, the inherently high ash content limited the regulatory effect of additional ash. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insights into PPMS pyrolysis and supports its sustainable conversion.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2019
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IF 4.527
Xiao-Ru Zhao,Xia Xu,Jie Teng,Nan Zhou,Zhi Zhou,Xin-Yu Jiang,Fei-Peng Jiao,Jin-Gang Yu
Three-dimensional (3D) porous graphene oxide-maize amylopectin (GO-MA) composites with controllable pore-sizes composites in the range of 6–40 nm were prepared by facile hydrothermal-assisted assembly approaches. The morphologies, pore sizes, specific surface area (SSA) and compositions of GO-MA x:y composites with and different GO-to-MA mass ratios (x:y) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To reveal the adsorption-desorption mechanism, effects of contact time, temperature, initial adsorbate concentration, pH value of the solution on the adsorption process were studied in detail. The adsorption capacities of 3D GO-MA 20:1 composite for organic contaminants including tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), p-aminophenol (PAP), p-nitrophenol (PNP), o-nitrophenol (MNP), hydroquinone (HQ), alizarin red S (ARS) and neutral red (NR) were 22.17, 116.4, 44.78, 36.96, 16.10, 39.92 and 24.23 mg g −1 , respectively. The adsorption capacities of GO-MA 30:1 composite for inorganic substances including Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cr 2 O 7 2− , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Nd 3+ , La 3+ , Y 3+ , Yb 3+ and Er 3+ were 84.76, 7.92, 13.6, 17.64, 30.56, 25.52, 12.48, 16.96, 23.32 and 30.32 mg g −1 , respectively. In addition, GO-MA x:y composites also exhibited high mechanical properties and good reusability. Consequently, GO-MA x:y composites could be used as reusable adsorbents for removal/enrichment inorganic/organic substances in aqueous solutions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Science Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 42
·
IF 11.7
Jun Zhang,Kai Wu,Xiaoqing Gao,Min Zhang,Xin Zhou,Florian Bertram,Chen Shen,Yunlong Zhou
Chiral structures and functions are essential natural components in biominerals and biological crystals. Chiral molecules direct inorganics through chiral growth of facets or screw dislocation of crystal clusters. As chirality promoters, they initiate an asymmetric hierarchical self-assembly in a quasi-thermodynamic steady state. However, achieving chiral assembly requires a delicate balance between intricate interactions. This complexity causes the roles of achiral-chiral and inorganic components in crystallization to remain ambiguous. Here, we elucidate a definitive mechanism using an achiral-chiral ligand strategy to assemble inorganics into hierarchical, self-organized superstructures. Achiral ligands cluster inorganic building blocks, while chiral ligands impart chiral rotation. Achiral and chiral ligands can flexibly modulate the chirality of superstructures by fully using their competition in coordination chemistry. This dual-ligand strategy offers a versatile framework for engineering chiroptical nanomaterials tailored to optical devices and metamaterials with optical activities across a broad wavelength range, with applications in imaging, detection, catalysis, and sensing.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
·
化学
·
光学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B-Physics
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2020
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IF 0.911
Hailin Xie,Zhihua Zhou,Wenjuan Liu,Yanmin Zhao,Tianlong Huang,Ping Chen,Ziwei Zhou,Dan Wang,Jianglong Duan,Jianjun Fang
Polymeric/ceramic composite scaffolds that are biocompatible and biodegradable are widely used for tissue engineering applications. In this work a series of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone)/nano-biaoactive glass-nano-β-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds were successfully fabricated and the influences of the inorganic content and freezing temperature on the physical properties were studied. The composite scaffolds with various inorganic contents showed an interconnected pore structure with irregular shapes. The composite scaffolds had a porosity that was reduced with increasing inorganic content and decreasing freezing temperature. The incorporation of inorganic fillers and decreasing freezing temperature improved the mechanical properties of the hybrid scaffolds. By appropriate control of these two factors (10.0 wt% content of NBAG and β-TCP with freezing at −30 °C) a suitable composite scaffold was prepared as a potential bone tissue engineering implant.
研究领域:
生物材料
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组织工程
·
高分子科学
·
陶瓷材料
·
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）