CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2014
·
IF 1.552
Wenju Wang,Huiling Li,Junli Ren,Runcang Sun,Jie Zheng,Guangwei Sun,Shijie Liu
An efficient homogeneous catalytic process was developed for the dehydration of xylose to furfural using inorganic salts as catalysts in a water/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) system under mild condition. The effects of the types of inorganic salts were compared. The results showed that chlorides had higher catalytic performance than other salts, and SnCl 4 was the most effective chloride. The catalytic activity of paired SnCl 4 /LiCl catalysts was much higher than that of the single salt, and when the distribution coefficient ( χ SnCl4 ) was 0.8, the maximum furfural yield was 56.9%. The effects of the reaction conditions on the furfural yield were also investigated. The highest furfural yield, 63.0%, was achieved at 130 °C for 6 h under the optimized reaction conditions.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
生物化工
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Bioresource Technology Reports
·
2018
·
IF 0
Jing Gao,Shaoli Xin,Liyuan Wang,Youfeng Lei,Hongwu Ji,Shucheng Liu
Albeit ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment has been demonstrated to effectively enhance the saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass , extremely high costs of ILs still restrict its scale-up. If the ILs at high water content can be used as pretreatment solvents for lignocellulosic biomass, the chemical costs will be significantly reduced. However, the dissolving capacity of the ILs was notably decreased when water contents exceeded within limits. In this work, inorganic salts (K 3 PO 4 and K 2 CO 3 ) were added as additives of imidazolium-based IL/water systems to improve tolerance of ILs in the presence of water. The pretreatment with 50% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C 2 mim]Cl) + 49.5% water + 0.5% K 2 CO 3 at 95 °C for 3 h improved lignin removal to 69.32%, and also increased the surface areas as compared to untreated rice straw. The reducing sugar yield of the regenerated materials was increased to 82.45% after 72 h enzymatic hydrolysis .
研究领域:
生物学
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生物化学
·
植物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Chuandong Ma,Wenqi Zhang,Zhisen Li,Junxiang Wang,Qingbiao Wang,Lin Li,Xiaofang You
In this study, high-concentration inorganic salt wastewater containing microplastics (MPs) was used to prepare MPs-coal wastewater slurry (MPs-CWWS). The rheological behavior, stability, and solid content of the slurry were discussed, and the interfacial interaction mechanism between particles was analyzed. Experimental results show that the presence of inorganic salts in the system will cause an increase in viscosity. This is because cations neutralize the negative charges on particle, resulting in a reduction in the electrostatic repulsion between particles. In addition, a large amount of water is adsorbed due to “ionic bonding”, resulting in a reduction in free water content and therefore a decrease in the solid loading of the suspended system. The enhanced stability is attributed to the thickening of the hydrated film. MPs have strong hydrophobicity and are easy to adsorb dispersants due to non-polar effects, which increases the negative charge and steric hindrance effect on the surface. MPs promote the dispersion of particles in the slurry. The extended-DLVO theoretical calculation results show that electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effect are the main forces promoting particle dispersion. Electrostatic repulsion plays a key role in promoting particle dispersion. The extended-DLVO theoretical calculations verify that the main reason for the increase in viscosity caused by inorganic salts is the decrease in electrostatic interaction energy. The existence of MPs can reduce the negative effects caused by inorganic salts.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.431
Xiaojun Lai,Xun-an Ning,Yao He,Yiqian Yuan,Jian Sun,Yaowei Ke,Xiaoyuan Man
Understanding the occurrence states of persistent organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in textile dyeing sludge is the key to their further treatment and disposal. Here, the effects of inorganic salts (silicate, sulfate, phosphate, hydroxide, and iron salts) that were typically rich in textile dyeing sludge on PAH adsorption by sludge and PAH degradation by an ultrasound (US) combined zero-valent iron/EDTA/Air (ZEA) system were studied in a simulated sludge system. The results showed that the simulated sludge containing inorganic salts had a larger specific surface area, which was beneficial for the adsorption of PAHs. More low-ring PAHs were adsorbed on the surface of the particles in the simulated sludge because of the inorganic salts, which was conducive to low-ring PAHs degradation by US/ZEA. The PAH removal rates were increased by 15.37% and 11.19%, respectively, in the presence of SiO 3 2− and HPO 4 2− . The yield of hydroxyl radicals ( OH) was increased by 42.39% and 66.25% by SiO 3 2− and HPO 4 2− , respectively. The reason was that the oxidation of the ligand ([Fe Ⅱ (EDTA)]) formed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and divalent iron was promoted by SiO 3 2− and HPO 4 2− . The formation of OH in the US/ZEA system was inhibited by the corrosion inhibition of SO 4 2− on zero-valent iron (ZVI), the reaction of ferric salt with EDTA, and the reaction of Mg(OH) 2 with the ligand ([Fe III (EDTA)]). This work provides an essential theoretical insight into the role of the inorganic components of sludge in the removal of PAHs by advanced oxidation processes.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
污染控制
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2022
·
IF 4.035
Guo-zhong Xu,Xu Gao,Mi Li,Zhong-xuan Han,Lin Jiang
In this study, to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose, CaCO 3 and Li 2 CO 3 were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen atmosphere using TG/DSC at three different heating rates (2, 5, 10 K/min). The numerical relationship between activation energy ( E ) and conversion rate was obtained by FWO and KAS method, and it was discovered that CaCO 3 could improve the thermal stability of NC. Activation energy values were calculated by Kissinger method, and it was found that NC that contain Li 2 CO 3 had the highest activation energy while NC containing CaCO 3 had the lowest E value. By combining the thermal analysis data with Malek method, the most probable mechanism model of thermal degradation is obtained as Šesták-Berggren model, which expression is f ( α ) = α m (1 - α ) n . As a result of this study, there are certain guiding principles that can be applied to the pyrolysis reaction model and to the actual production process of nitrocellulose.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2021
·
IF 4.094
Bingzhong Mo,Songping Mo,Lisi Jia,Zhibin Wang,Ying Chen
Inorganic salts are typically used phase change materials for high temperature thermal energy storage . Leakage and corrosion of phase change materials can be addressed by microencapsulation methods. However, microencapsulation of ethanol-soluble inorganic salts has not been reported. In this study, lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) as a model ethanol-soluble inorganic salt was microencapsulated in silica (SiO 2 ) by a novel method. Experimental results show that LiNO 3 was physically encapsulated by SiO 2 , confirming the formation of the microcomposites. The crystal structure of LiNO 3 was not changed during the microencapsulation process. The onset melting temperature and the melting enthalpy of the microcomposites stabilized at 250.9 °C and 265.2 kJ/kg after thermal cycles, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热能存储
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 6.141
Zhengbin Yan,Pengwei Yang,Jiaxin Huang,Qian Jia,Jing Wen,Jinmei Dong,Weixin Zheng,Chenggong Chang,Hongning Wang,Ruoyu Chen
In this work, the Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) added with five kinds of inorganic salts (CaCl 2 , Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , KCl, LiCl, and NH 4 NO 3 ) were prepared under the low temperature (5 ℃), and the effects of inorganic salts on the hydration reaction and engineering properties were investigated. The results show that the addition of inorganic salt can significantly improve the hydration reaction rate, increase the content of the 5-phase, and shorten the curing time. Compared with pure MOC, the compressive strength of MOC added with CaCl 2 increased by about 128% after 7 days of curing. Moreover, the existence of inorganic salts weakened the surface shielding layer [Mg(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ of active MgO, thereby improving the zeta potential of active MgO and promoting the diffusion rate of Mg 2+ . Overall, these results could provide valuable information for studying the hydration reaction and engineering performance of MOC at low temperatures.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Wei Wu,Xuesong Li,Bo Zhou,Zhiwei Wang
While chemical conditioning is the most commonly used conditioning process for sludge dewatering, the dewaterability of chemically conditioned sludge is found to be significantly affected by shear force. However, relevant studies are still lacked, which obstructed an in-depth understanding on sludge conditioning. In this study, we systematically investigated the impacts of floc breakage induced by shearing on the sludges conditioned with polyacrylamides (PAMs)/inorganic salts. Although PAM-conditioned sludges had better structural strength and dewaterability than the ones conditioned with inorganic salts, they exhibited a drastically deteriorated dewaterability upon floc breakage after shearing. Further analysis revealed that the PAM-conditioned flocs were mainly wrapped by polymer chains and thus floc breakage would lead to a substantial release of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and exposure of massive non-neutralized negative charge. In comparison, the coagulation by inorganic salts was mainly completed by charge neutralization and compression of EPS, which resulted in a conditioned sludge with a much less deteriorated dewaterability after shearing. Accordingly, PAMs are suggested as the chemical agents if screw pump is used for the sludge conditioning, while extra shearing should be minimized in the conditioning process. Inorganic salts are more applicable for the conditioning layout with a flexibly located equalization tank due to their relatively low coagulation kinetics but well-maintained sludge dewaterability. This study fills some critical knowledge gaps in the fundamental understandings on chemical conditioning process and offers a guideline for the selection of practical conditioning strategy.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
污水处理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 4.2
Qiang Fu,Mingqiang Chen,Weixin Pang,Zhen Xu,Zengqi Liu,Huiyun Wen,Xin Lei
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of four inorganic salts, KCl, NaCl, KBr and NaBr, on the thermodynamic conditions of methane hydrate formation. In order to achieve this, the vapor–liquid water-hydrate (VL W H) equilibrium conditions of methane (CH 4 ) hydrate were measured in the temperature range of 274.15 K–282.15 K by the isothermal pressure search method. The results demonstrated that, in comparison with deionized water, the four inorganic salts exhibited a significant thermodynamic inhibition on CH 4 hydrate. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of Na + on methane hydrate is more pronounced than that of K + , where there is no discernible difference between Cl − and Br − . The dissociation enthalpy ( ∆ H d i s s ) of CH 4 hydrate in the four inorganic salt solutions is comparable to that of deionized water, indicating that the inorganic salt does not participate in the formation of hydrate crystals. The Chen–Guo hydrate model and N–NRTL–NRF activity model were employed to forecast the equilibrium conditions of CH 4 hydrate in electrolyte solution. The absolute relative deviation (AARD) between the predicted and experimental values were 1.24%, 1.08%, 1.18% and 1.21%, respectively. The model demonstrated satisfactory universality and accuracy. This study presents a novel approach to elucidating the mechanism and model prediction of inorganic salt inhibition of hydrate.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Rui-Yun Ren,Ye-Chen An,Zhi-Hui He,Jing-Long Han,Guang-Zhi Wang,Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade,Bin Liang,Hong-Cheng Wang,Ai-Jie Wang
Efficient separation of organic compounds and inorganic salts is essential for chemical manufacturing, wastewater treatment, and resource recovery. However, current industrial challenges include resource loss and environmental risks due to inadequate solute recovery, compounded by the poor tolerance of polymer membranes to organic solvents. Graphene oxide (GO) membranes offer a promising solution with cost-effectiveness, solvent resistance, and reduced fouling, yet scalable production remains underdeveloped. This study demonstrates that tubular ceramic membranes serve as an excellent support layer for scaling up GO membrane fabrication. Using a three-time self-assembly method, GO/ceramic composite membranes achieved a 10.91 % NaCl rejection rate while exceeding 99.90 % rejection for Alizarin Red S (ARS) and Disodium Chromotropate Dihydrate (DCD). The molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) determined via polyethylene glycol (PEG) testing, was 1332 Da. Furthermore, a 19-channel high-membrane-area GO/ceramic composite membrane was fabricated, fulfilling industrial application and production requirements. This work presents a simple, cost-effective strategy for large-scale GO/ceramic membrane manufacturing, advancing their industrial application in low-carbon separation processes for organic–inorganic mixtures.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 7
·3756-3764
·
IF 3.119
Zhixin Zhao,Bei Lei,Wenhao Du,Zhaojie Yang,Danyang Tao,Yuanfang Tian,Jin Xu,Xi Zhang
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride ([BMIM]Cl) plasticized starch/poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) blends containing inorganic salts with different cations were prepared by a Haake mixer. The compatibility, thermal behaviors including crystallinity, crystallization temperature and melting temperature, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of these blends were systematically investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the inorganic salts could interact strongly with [BMIM]Cl plasticized starch/PBS blends to improve their mechanical properties, while the thermal stability of the [BMIM]Cl plasticized starch/PBS blends was simultaneously reduced. The SEM results suggested that the compatibility of [BMIM]Cl plasticized starch and PBS was significantly improved with increasing inorganic salt content. Furthermore, by incorporating inorganic salts, the melting enthalpy (ΔHm), crystallinity (Xc), and cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) of the blends were decreased.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 7.183
Zhixiao Liu,Tao Wang,Daming Wang,Zhiming Mi
Nanofiltration (NF) membrane typically prepared by interfacial polymerization (IP) technology is facing the problems of low permeance and flux-selectivity trade-off effect, which will seriously affect the efficiency of water purification . Here, novel NF membranes with a thin and crumpled polyamide (PA) layer were obtained by introducing low concentration of soluble inorganic salts (≤2 wt%) in the IP process and thermally induced crystallization of inorganic salts in the heat treatment process. The forces generated by the growth of inorganic salt crystals inevitably stretched the nascent and flexible PA layer, and further the inorganic salt crystals can sacrifice themselves in water, contributing to the formation of a thin and rough PA layer with crumpled nanostructure . Using NaCl as an example, the resulting NF membrane exhibited the permeation flux as high as 84 L/m 2 h at 4 bar while maintaining a high rejection of 96.2% for Na 2 SO 4 . Meanwhile, it is universal for other soluble inorganic salts such as KCl, Na 2 SO 4 , KNO 3 and CaCl 2 to improve the filtration performance of NF membrane. This study is the first to combine the growth of inorganic salt crystals with the morphology regulation of PA active layer in the heat treatment process, which will further expand the research method of NF membrane with efficient water purification.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）