ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Xue Zhang,Xu Wan,Jianhui Zhao,Xiaohua Guo,Zhenxin Wang,Zishan Diao,Wenpeng Li,Yameng Zhao,Xirui Zhao,Weijia Wang,Xiaohan Zhang,Shuguang Wang,Xianzheng Yuan
The widespread utilization of synthetic musks (SMs) in various consumer and personal care products (PCPs) has led to human external exposure through dermal absorption, inhalation of volatile fragrances, and ingestion of contaminated foods, dust, and liquids. Nonetheless, investigations comparing external and internal exposures in humans remain limited in China, particularly regarding internal exposure assessments in blood, which have lacked follow-up over the past decade. In this study, data concerning the concentrations of SMs in 135 blood samples (68 females and 67 males) obtained from residents of Shanghai are provided, representing the sole publication within the last decade on this topic. The findings suggest a potential association between SM concentrations in females and their income and ages. Additionally, the concentrations in blood are higher than in urine, suggesting that relying solely on urine assessments may underestimate health risks associated with internal exposure. Furthermore, data on internal exposure in human fluids reveal SMs' potential transfer to infants via breast milk, posing substantial threat. Noteworthy, we quantify total external exposure across various pathways for Chinese population. Our findings indicate that PCPs are identified as the predominant source of external exposure for adolescents and adults. However, in the case of infants and children, food ingestion, and PCPs dermal absorption make substantial contributions, representing 80.53 % and 16.06 % of the total for infants, and 69.96 % and 22.40 % for children, respectively. Notably, the total estimated daily intake (EDI), derived from urine analysis, falls notably below the total external exposure. While the contribution of each SM exhibits considerable variability, which can be ascribed to the distinct metabolic pathways of these compounds in vivo. Hence, additional research on the metabolism and transformation of SMs in humans is urgently needed for better human health risk assessment in the future.
研究领域:
环境科学
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公共卫生
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 9.621
Kai Cui,Xiaohu Wu,Dongmei Wei,Ying Zhang,Junli Cao,Jun Xu,Fengshou Dong,Xingang Liu,Yongquan Zheng
Neonicotinoid pesticide residues are ubiquitous in various foodstuffs and may adversely affect human health. We performed a nationwide survey of neonicotinoid residues in foodstuffs collected from Chinese markets and evaluated the risks of chronic and acute exposure in 1–6-year-old children and the general population. Among the 3406 samples of 13 commodities, 62.21% contained neonicotinoids with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1471.43 μg/kg, and 37.58% were simultaneously contaminated with 2–7 neonicotinoids. Acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid were the top three detected neonicotinoids (22.14–34.32% of samples). Chronic and acute cumulative risk assessment using the relative potency factor method revealed that exposure to neonicotinoids was within established safety limits (below 1); however, the acute risk was much greater than the chronic risk (chronic hazard index range, 1.40 × 10 −6 –2.33 × 10 −3 ; acute hazard index range, 1.75 × 10 −6 –0.15). A relatively greater acute cumulative risk was found for children with respect to consumption of grapes, mandarins, and cowpeas (acute hazard index range, 0.11–0.15). Despite the low health risk, the potential health hazards of neonicotinoids should be continuously assessed, given their ubiquity and cumulative effects.
研究领域:
食品安全
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毒理学
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环境健康
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2022
·
IF 6.796
Di Zhang,Shengkun Dong,Li Chen,Rong Xiao,Wenhai Chu
Quantification of regulated and emerging disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in swimming pool water, as well as the assessment of their lifetime health risk are limited in China. In this study, the occurrence of regulated DBPs (e.g., trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids) and emerging DBPs (e.g., haloacetonitriles, haloacetaldehydes) in indoor swimming pool water and the corresponding source water at a city in Eastern China were determined. The concentrations of DBPs in swimming pool water were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that in source water. Lifetime cancer and non-cancer risks of DBPs stemming from swimming pool water were also estimated. Inhalation and dermal exposure were the most significant exposure routes related to swimming pool DBP cancer and non-cancer risks. For the first time, buccal and aural exposure were considered, and were proven to be important routes of DBP exposure (accounting for 17.9%-38.9% of total risk). The cancer risks of DBPs for all swimmers were higher than 10 −6 of lifetime exposure risk recommended by United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the competitive adult swimmers experienced the highest cancer risk (7.82 × 10 −5 ). These findings provide important information and perspectives for future efforts to lower the health risks associated with exposure to DBPs in swimming pool water.
研究领域:
环境科学
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公共卫生
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 10.3
Zhuo Li,Zhenyang Yu,Daqiang Yin
As emerging pollutants, antibiotics were widely detected in water bodies and dietary sources. Recently, their obesogenic effects raised serious concerns. So far, it remained unclear whether their obesogenic effects would be influenced by water- and diet-borne exposure routes. In present study, Caenorhabditis elegans , nematodes free-living in air–water interface and feeding on bacteria, were exposed to water- and diet-borne erythromycin antibiotic (ERY). The statuses of the bacterial food, inactivated or alive, were also considered to explore their influences on the effects. Results showed that both water- and diet-borne ERY significantly stimulated body width and triglyceride contents. Moreover, diet-borne ERY’s stimulation on the triglyceride levels was greater with alive bacteria than with inactivated bacteria. Biochemical analysis showed that water-borne ERY inhibited the activities of enzymes like adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in fatty acid β-oxidation. Meanwhile, diet-borne ERY inhibited the activities of acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) in lipolysis, while it stimulated the activities of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in lipogenesis. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that water-borne ERY with alive bacteria significantly upregulated the expressions of daf-2 , daf-16 and nhr-49 , without significant influences in other settings. Further investigation demonstrated that ERY interfered with bacterial colonization in the intestine and the permeability of the intestinal barrier. Moreover, ERY decreased total long-chained fatty acids (LCFAs) in bacteria and nematodes, while it decreased total short-chained fatty acids (SCFAs) in bacteria but increased them in nematodes. Collectively, the present study demonstrated the differences between water- and diet-borne ERY’s obesogenic effects, and highlighted the involvement of insulin and nhr-49 signaling pathways, SCFAs metabolism and also the interaction between intestinal bacteria and the host.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分子生物学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Xiaoqian Li,Yan Yu,Na Zheng,Sujing Wang,Siyu Sun,Qirui An,Pengyang Li,Yunyang Li,Shengnan Hou,Xue Song
Street dust is an important contributor to heavy metal exposure in street sweepers. In this work, the levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) in street dust were evaluated, and the corresponding health implications for street sweepers in the smelting district of Huludao city northeast China were assessed. The contributions of dietary sources and dust to total metal exposure in street sweepers were compared. Because street sweepers are exposed to street dust both during work and nonwork hours, the health risks faced by street sweepers are uncertain. Therefore, variable exposure duration was considered using a deterministic model. A probabilistic risk assessment model was developed to explore the health effects of street dust on street sweepers via Monte Carlo simulation. The various exposure parameters that affect risk were analyzed using sensitivity analysis. The average Cd, Pb, and As levels in the hair of street sweepers were 2.04, 20.12, and 0.52 mg·kg -1 , respectively. These values were higher than those for residents (i.e., not street sweepers) of Huludao. Strong correlations were found between the logarithms (base 10) of the Cd, Pb, and As contents in dust and hair ( r Cd = 0.581, p < 0.01; r Pb = 0.428, p < 0.01; r As = 0.378, p < 0.01; n = 62). Based on analysis using deterministic models, the maximum exposures to Cd and Pb via dust through the alimentary canal were nearly three and six times higher than the dietary exposures, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that exposure duration is an important parameter.
研究领域:
环境科学
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公共卫生
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
·
2016
·Vol. 175
·期 2
·298-305
·
IF 1.798
Li Yan,Yu Hua,Li Peng,Bian Ying
In order to assess occupational exposure level of 15 rare earth elements (REEs) and identify the associated influence, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) based on closed-vessel microwave-assisted wet digestion procedure to determinate the concentration of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu in urinary samples obtained from workers producing ultrafine and nanoparticles containing cerium and lanthanum oxide. The results suggest that La and Ce were the primary component, together accounting for 97 % of total REEs in workers. The urinary levels of La, and Ce among the workers (6.36, 15.32 μg.g −1 creatinine, respectively) were significantly enriched compared to those levels measured in the control subjects (1.52, 4.04 μg.g −1 creatinine, respectively) ( p < 0.05). This study simultaneously identified the associated individual factors, the results indicate that the concentrations in over 5 years group (11.64 ± 10.93 for La, 27.83 ± 24.38 for Ce) were significantly elevated compared to 1–5 years group (2.58 ± 1.51 for La, 6.87 ± 3.90 for Ce) ( p < 0.05). Compared the urinary levels of La and Ce at the separation and packaging locations (9.10 ± 9.51 for La, 22.29 ± 21.01 for Ce) with the other locations (2.85 ± 0.98 for La, 6.37 ± 2.12 for Ce), the results show urinary concentrations were significantly higher in workers at separation and packaging locations ( p < 0.01). Inter-individual variation in levels of La and Ce in urine is the result of multi-factorial comprehensive action. Further researches should focus on the multiple factors contributing to the REEs levels of the occupationally exposed workers.
研究领域:
职业健康
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分析化学
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环境医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Chao Peng,Yiming Chen,Xingyue Gao,Ping Wei,Yihao Lin,Li Fu,Bingpu Zhou,Mengchen Zhang,Jianbo Jia,Tiangang Luan
In this study, leveraging the tunable surface groups of MXene , the two-dimensional (2D) Nb 2 C T x with OH terminal (NC) was synthesized. 2D ZnIn 2 S 4 (ZIS) nanosheets were prepared with the aid of sodium citrate, enhancing the exposure ratio of active (1 1 0) facet. On this basis, 2D/2D ZnIn 2 S 4 /Nb 2 C T x heterojunctions were fabricated to improve photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. The optimized 6 wt%Nb 2 C T x /ZnIn 2 S 4 -450 (6NC/ZIS-450) photocatalyt exhibits a remarkable HER rate of 3603 μmol g −1 h −1 , which is 10 times superior to that of the original ZnIn 2 S 4 . Its apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) at 380 nm reaches 14.9 %. Meanwhile, even after 5 rounds of HER, the activity of 2D/2D ZnIn 2 S 4 /Nb 2 C T x heterojunction remained at 90 %, far superior to that of pure ZnIn 2 S 4 (34 % and 31 %). Energy band structure analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicate that Nb 2 C T x adsorbed with OH exhibit a low work function . By serving as a hole cocatalyst, it effectively boosts the photocatalytic HER rate of ZnIn 2 S 4 /Nb 2 C T x heterojunction and inhibits the photocorrosion of ZnIn 2 S 4 . This unique insight, via hole transport highways and increased exposure of active facets, effectively enhances the activity and stability of sulfides photocatalysts .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Current Nanoscience
·
2024
·Vol. 21
·期 2
·345-353
·
IF 1.4
Liqing Zeng,Yazhen Chen,Baiqi Pan,Hui Yang,Yuyan Chen,Mei Xu,Songmei Chen,Fan Yang,Chongyu Gu
BackgroundMicroplastics is a new type of global pollutant that can absorb pollutants in the environment and enter the food chain. Arsenic (As) is a kind of heavy metal element, and its pollution to the environment has been triggered concern. Currently, the escalating threat to marine ecology posed by both microplastics and heavy metal pollution is garnering increasing attention, particularly concerning their detrimental impact on human health.MethodsThe aim of this paper is to study the adsorption of As by microplastics and their combined toxic effects on clams, which were determined by joint toxicity test.ResultsDuring the initial 48 hours, the fatality rates for larval clams exposed to As (III)-adsorbed microplastics, including polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) at concentrations ranging from 10 mg/L to 500 mg/L, varied in the range of 0-30.0%, 0-10.0%, 0-30.0%, 0-15.0%, and 0-50.0%, respectively. Similarly, adult clams exhibited fatality rates within the ranges of 0-35.0%, 0-25.0%, 0-30.0%, 0-50.0%, and 0-15.0%. However, these rates increased significantly after 48 hours, reaching 80.0% (PP), 62.0% (PE), 40.0% (PS), 60.0% (PVC), and 70.0% (PMMA) for larval clams, and 85.0% (PP), 72.0% (PE), 40.0% (PS), 72.0% (PVC), and 65.0% (PMMA) for adult clams, respectively. In contrast, when exposed to microplastics concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L with adsorbed As (III), both larval and adult clams experienced fatality rates that initially peaked between 55.0% and 100.0% within the first 48 hours. Throughout the entire incubation period with As (III) alone, the fatality rates for larval and adult clams remained relatively low, ranging from 0-20.0% and 0-15.0%, respectively.ConclusionThe mortality rate of clams directly correlated with the input of microplastic particles containing As (III); specifically, an increase in the concentration of microplastics resulted in higher fatality rates and accelerated death rates among the clams. Clams demonstrated varying toxicological responses to the different types of microplastics.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
·
海洋生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2019
·
IF 5.108
Min Chen,Yongfei Gao,Xiaoxue Bian,Jianfeng Feng,Weiqi Ma,Lin Zhu
Aquatic organisms are often exposed to time-varied concentrations of contaminants due to pulsed inputs in natural water. Traditional toxicology experiments are usually carried out in a constant exposure pattern, which is inconsistent with the actual environment. In this study, a refined toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model was used to study the toxic effects of Pb and Cd on zebrafish larvae under three pulse exposures with 2, 4, and 6 h, respectively. The parameter sensitivity analysis showed that J M, max had the greatest impact on the output of the model. Cd or Pb pulse exposure resulted in less death than constant exposure at the same time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations. Survival fraction in larvae under 6 h interval between two pulses of Pb or Cd was larger than that under 2 h and 4 h interval. Toxicity under constant exposure of Cd or Pb was greater than that under 2, 4, and 6 h interval pulse exposure because the cumulative Cd or Pb concentration in the body under constant exposure was greater than that under pulse exposure. The results also showed that the stochastic death (SD) model was more suitable than the individual tolerance (IT) model for predicting the survival fraction of larvae under pulse exposure to Pb and Cd, which was indicated by higher R 2 (0.670–0.940) in SD model than that (0.588–0.861) in IT model. Our model provides approaches for laboratory toxicity testing and modeling approaches for addressing the toxicity of heavy metal pulsed exposure.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2021
·Vol. 18
·期 22
·12051
·
IF 3.39
Yifei Duan,Hua Shi,Yongmei Jiang
In order to understand current blood lead levels (BLLs), we investigated the BLLs of children in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020. We then monitored the treatment effects of calcium in children with high BLLs to assess their treatment status. Finally, we explored the effects of lead on Ca2+through in-situ experiments. Whole blood samples were used for BLL tests. The BLLs of 76,362 children aged 0–7 years were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. The median BLL was 35 μg/L (interquartile range: 28–47). The BLLs were significantly higher in boys than in girls (p< 0.001). The BLLs generally decreased annually and increased with age. The overall prevalence of BLLs ≥ 100 μg/L was 1.20%. The children with high BLLs received subsequent check-ups, and the median time required for effective treatment was 18 months. We observed that lead exposure led to a gradual and persistent loss of Ca2+levels in neurons of mice brain slices, and the effect did not subside immediately even after the lead was removed. China has made rapid progress in pediatric healthcare, but the treatment status remains unsatisfactory. Because lead causes an irreversible loss of Ca2+, there is an urgent need to develop new standardized treatments to reduce the treatment duration.Keywords:blood lead levels;treatment status;calcium supplement;Ca2+imaging
研究领域:
公共卫生
·
神经生物学
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儿科医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2022
·Vol. 23
·期 11
·6282
·
IF 6.208
Weikai Ding,Yousef Sultan,Shumei Li,Wenjun Wen,Bangjun Zhang,Yiyi Feng,Junguo Ma,Xiaoyu Li
Previous studies have indicated that the harmful heavy metal lead (Pb) contamination in aquatic systems has caused intelligence development disorders and nervous system function abnormalities in juveniles due to the increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier. Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered “green” organic solvents that can replace traditional organic solvents. Studies have found the presence of ILs in soil and water due to chemical applications or unintentional leakage. Therefore, what would happen if Pb interacted with ILs in a body of water? Could ILs enable Pb to more easily cross the blood–brain barrier? Therefore, we examined the combined exposure of Pb and ILs in common carp at low concentration (18.3 mg L−1of Pb(CH3COO)2•3 H2O and 11 mg L−1of the IL 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride, 5% of their LC50) for 28 days in the present study. The result of a neurobehavioral assay showed that chronic exposure of lead at lower concentrations significantly altered fish movement and neurobehaviors, indicating that lead exposure caused neurotoxicity in the carp. Increases in the neurotransmitter dopamine levels and injuries in the fish brain accounted for neurobehavioral abnormalities induced by lead exposure. Moreover, we also found that lead could easily cross the blood–brain barrier and caused significant bioaccumulation in the brain. Particularly, our study indicated that the ionic liquid could not synergistically promote blood–brain barrier permeability and hence failed to increase the absorption of lead in the fish brain, suggesting that the combined exposure of lead and ILs was not a synergistic effect but antagonism to the neurotoxicity. The results of this study suggested that ILs could recede the Pb induced neurotoxicity in fish.Keywords:Cyprinus carpio;Pb;ionic liquid;combined exposure;neurotoxicity
研究领域:
水生毒理学
·
环境科学
·
神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.872
Ruifen Kang,Aneela Perveen,Chunmei Li
T-2 toxin is a kind of group A trichothecenes mycotoxins , frequently detected in various foods and feeds, having high toxic effects on both humans and animals. The present study aims to investigate the toxic effects of T-2 toxin exposure to ICR mice during pregnancy and lactation on liver glycolipid metabolism of young mice. The pregnant mice were given 0, 0.005 and 0.05 mg of T-2 toxin/kg bw daily through oral gavage from late gestation (GD 14) to the lactation (LD 21). Liver and serum samples of the young mice were collected on postnatal day 21 (PND 21), PND 28 and PND 56. The results showed that T-2 toxin increased the contents of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO) and glucose in serum of young mice on PND 21 and PND 28. In addition, obvious lipid droplets of liver in T-2 toxin treatment groups were observed, especially in 0.05 mg group of PND 21and PND 28. Compared with the control group, T-2 treatment also increased the expressions of genes associated with liver glycolipid metabolism, such as PEPCK , Glut2 , Fas , Acox1 , Hmgcr , PPARα , Srebp1 and CD36 . These results demonstrated T-2 toxin exposure to pregnant mice could cause liver glycolipid metabolism disruption in the young mice and the toxic effects weakened on PND 56.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）