CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Qianshun Cui,Tongcai Wang,Guangshuai Gu,Rihan Zhang,Tingting Zhao,Zhifeng Huang,Gong Wang,Fei Chen
The establishment of a lunar base is crucial for lunar studies, resource extraction, and advancement in deep space exploration . Considering the limitations of rocket capacity and Earth-Moon transportation costs, lunar regolith is regarded as the most practical material for lunar base construction. Consequently, the in-situ additive manufacturing technology for simulated lunar regolith has been widely studied in recent years. This paper proposes a novel additive manufacturing approach for lunar regolith simulants. The simulants and several resins were mixed into a paste with high simulant content of 86 wt%, which was suitable for extrusion-based additive manufacturing process . To fully leverage the lunar environment , the feasibility of the ultraviolet (UV) and thermal curing of the resins was first verified, which was followed by the validation of the lunar regolith paste with the solid content of 86 wt%. After the characterization of the ultraviolet and heat curing properties, the paste was further 3D printed via the extrusion-based device. The extruded paste underwent preliminary curing in a UV environment and was then heated to approximate the daytime lunar conditions, achieving complete curing of the printed component. The cured parts exhibited a compressive strength of 9.83 ± 1.07 MPa, meeting the requirements for infrastructure construction in the low-gravity lunar environment. This work offers significant implications for future in-situ construction on the Moon using extrusion-based additive manufacturing of lunar regolith.
研究领域:
材料科学
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航天工程
·
建筑技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
VACUUM
·
2023
·
IF 4
Pengfei Zhao,Guangshi Li,Ximu Chen,Peng Cheng,Yiming Yan,Zhongya Pang,Chenteng Sun,Xing Yu,Xingli Zou,Xionggang Lu
One of the greatest challenges for long-term human activities on the Moon is the development of in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies, including in-situ oxygen extraction. In this study, a novel method called laser thermal vacuum metallurgy (LTVM) was proposed for oxygen extraction from lunar regolith , specifically using TiO 2 as raw material. Firstly, the theoretical feasibility of oxygen production from TiO 2 was elucidated through thermodynamic calculations. Subsequently, the impact of laser power density on the decomposition behavior of TiO 2 was investigated. The results demonstrate that through the augmentation of laser power density to elevate temperatures, there is a substantial enhancement observed in both the pyrolysis and vaporization processes of TiO 2 . Under the conditions of a laser power density of 2.48 kW/cm 2 , the surface temperature of TiO 2 can be maintained at approximately 2175 °C. The resulting pyrolysis products consist of Ti 6 O 11 (8.2 ± 0.5 wt %), Ti 5 O 9 (23.7 ± 0.6 wt %), Ti 4 O 7 (10.9 ± 0.4 wt %), and Ti 3 O 5 (57.2 ± 0.8 wt %). Further combining with the result of gas collection, the estimated oxygen extraction rate is approximately 43.3 L per kilogram of TiO 2 . Therefore, LTVM holds the potential to provide a new approach for in-situ oxygen extraction from titanium-containing lunar regolith on the Moon.
研究领域:
材料科学
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天体物理学
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航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA ASTRONAUTICA
·
2025
·
IF 3.4
Chunlei Sun,Guihua Tang,Rui Yang,Mu Du,Cong Wang,Zhigang Liu
Constructing a lunar base is strategically vital for deep space exploration, resource development, and future interstellar migration. However, the absence of atmospheric protection exposes the lunar surface to extremely complex thermal management issues and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation challenges. For the first time, this study presents a multifunctional composite silica aerogel to enhance UV shielding, thermal insulation, and plant photosynthesis for sustainability in lunar base. The doping scheme is based on the numerical simulation combining Mie scattering, discrete dipoles approximation (DDA) and Monte Carlo method. The optimized UV-opacifier TiO 2 has 0.005% volume fraction and 30 nm particle radius. ITO infrared opacifiers, with volume fraction of 0.05% and radius of 20 nm, reduce infrared radiative dissipation, thereby enhancing thermal insulation. Ag nanorods with volume fraction of 0.001%, length-to-diameter ratio of 3.5, and radius of 10 nm, can filter green light, promoting plant photosynthesis and sustainability. Synthesized with a one-step base-catalyzed sol-gel method, this composite aerogel demonstrates 18.4% improvement in UV resistance compared with traditional transparent aerogels, while maintaining visible light transmittance of 75.2%. The thermal conductivity is 0.0409 W/m·K at 400 K. Its exceptional thermal insulation properties achieve energy savings up to 87.1% under extreme temperature fluctuations on the lunar surface. This composite aerogel can provide crucial solution to the sustainable development of lunar bases.
研究领域:
材料科学
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天体生物学
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可持续发展
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2024
·Vol. 76
·期 5
·2403-2413
·
IF 2.1
Zhang Jie,Li Detian,Zhang Yuankun,He Chengdan,Feng Sen,Wang Jin,Li Chengfang,Wang Yongjun,Liu Aimin,Shi Zhongning
The lunar regolith can be utilized as raw materials for constructing lunar bases through the fabrication of lunar cement. However, the low CaO content in lunar regolith presents a challenge for producing silicate cement. This study explores enriching CaO in NEU-1 lunar soil simulant by calciothermic reduction. Non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that calcium reacted with Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 at approximately 808°C, 816°C, and 826°C, respectively. The reaction ratios were 1.1, 1.6, and 0.8, with apparent activation energies of 941.6 kJ/mol, 965.17 kJ/mol, and 547.28 kJ/mol. The products obtained from the calciothermic reduction of lunar soil simulant were CaO, Ca 2 Si, and AlFe, as analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Increasing the temperature was found to be beneficial to the reaction process, and a suitable reaction temperature of 850°C was determined. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the reduction percentages of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 were 93.01% and 91.04%, respectively, at 850°C for 30 min. The CaO content in the product obtained by calciothermic reduction was 50.65%, which could be further increased to 81.16% after crude purification, and the CaO yield was 82.57%. These results demonstrated that the process has a significant CaO enrichment effect.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 3
·471
·
IF 3.2
Shaokang Su,Jingzhen Li,Chunhao Sun,Kai Du,Chengjie Wang,Mingshan Han,Jing Geng,Yongde Long,Yuxiang Hu
With the development of space technology, in situ resource utilization (ISRU) of lunar resources holds great potential for constructing lunar bases. This study, for the first time, proposes the in situ construction of lunar soil simulants-based battery systems. When novel ilmenite cathode materials are applied in aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAIBs), a facile ball milling treatment is used to simulate the natural characteristics of lunar-based ilmenite with proper electrochemical performance. The in situ constructed lunar soil-based batteries demonstrated a practical capacity of 68.1 mAh g−1at 1.0 A g−1with a capacity retention rate of 89.6% after 100 cycles. Even at a high current density of 5.0 A g−1, the as-prepared batteries still maintained a capacity of 41.7 mAh g−1. This study provides a promising energy storage solution for lunar bases and promotes sustainable energy technologies through in situ utilization of lunar resources.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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空间探索
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Wei Jia,Zibian Fan,An Du,Lin Shi
Ethyl carbamate (EC) is carcinogen occurring naturally in fermented foods, while the EC formation pattern in Feng-flavor Baijiu during Mare Nectaris storage and magnetic field treatment remains controversial. In this work, variation of EC in Mare Nectaris and magnetic field were investigated for the first time through ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap). Quantification results revealed that EC decreased significantly in the stage of 3–9 years and kept at 12.4 μg L −1 after 10 years of aging. Arginine succinate synthase (ASS) and urease were deemed as vital factors for EC decomposition. Degradation effetc of EC in 250 mT is simillar to that of EC in Baijiu stored in Mare Nectaris for 8 years. This is due to that aging process was accelerated by magnetic field and the content of total acid in Baijiu was increased, creating a favorable environment for decomposition of EC and urea.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 5
Ziyan Han,Hejiu Hui,Haizhen Wei,Weiqiang Li
The Moon is depleted in volatile elements and compounds, and lunar samples exhibit a wide range of Cl isotopic compositions , which is believed to result from the volatilization of metal chlorides (e.g., NaCl, KCl, and FeCl 2 ). However, the Cl isotopic fractionation behavior during volatilization is not well constrained, particularly for metal chlorides. Furthermore, the effect of metal chloride evaporation on metal isotopes is poorly known. In the present study, we performed NaCl and KCl sublimation experiments to study Cl and K isotopic fractionations at temperatures ranging from 923 K to 1061 K and at pressures of 7×10 –5 bar to 1 bar in an N 2 atmosphere. The isotope fractionation factors of 37/35 Cl( α gas–solid ) from NaCl sublimation experiments are 0.9985±0.0002, 0.9958±0.0004, and 0.99807±0.00004 at 1, 10 –2 , and 7×10 –5 bar, respectively. Those of 41/39 K( α gas–solid ) and 37/35 Cl( α gas–solid ) from KCl sublimation experiments are 0.99884±0.00004 and 0.9988±0.0003 at 1 bar, 0.9977±0.0002 and 0.9972±0.0003 at 10 –2 bar, and 0.9989±0.0002 and 0.9989±0.0001 at 7×10 –5 bar, respectively. Chlorine and K isotopes fractionate more at 10 –2 bar than at 7×10 –5 bar and 1 bar. The saturation index in all the sublimation experiments was >95%, which resulted in near-equilibrium isotopic fractionation at the sublimation interface. Therefore, the isotopic fractionation was controlled by mass transfer processes in the gas and solid phases. The isotopic fractionation at 10 –2 bar was controlled by the chemical diffusion of sublimated gas in an N 2 atmosphere with almost no convection effect, (i.e., Pe number close to zero), whereas the isotopic fractionation at 1 bar was suppressed by atmospheric convection with a turbulence factor of 0.4±0.1 (i.e., Pe number >1). The extremely high sublimation rate and the very slow diffusion in the sublimating solid at 7×10 –5 bar suppressed isotopic fractionations. Based on our experimental results, calculations using Cl/K and Na/K in lunar materials reveal that degassing of KCl contributed very little (<0.2‰) to the K isotopic fractionation (>0.58‰) during lunar magma ocean degassing. The Cl isotopic fractionation factor from lunar samples is similar to our results at 10 –2 bar. This similarity of Cl isotope fractionation indicates that there may have been a transient atmosphere above the lunar magma ocean.
研究领域:
地球化学
·
行星科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）