Forests
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·1204
·
IF 3.282
Yuhan Liu,Jiangtao Shi,Weiqi Leng,Qiongtao Huang
Wood permeability and compressibility are affected by cell wall structure and chemical composition. These properties can be improved by appropriate wood pretreatments. Low-density poplar wood was converted to a more dense structure by the following steps: First, lignin and hemicellulose were removed using a mixture of NaOH and Na2SO3. Second they were impregnated with polyethylene glycol (PEG, mean molecular weight of 1200), nano-SiO2,and a silane coupling agent at atmospheric temperature and pressure. Finally, impregnated wood was compressed at 150 °C. Results showed that the tracheid lumens on the transverse section of the compressed wood almost vanished. Specifically, the lumens in the wood cells, especially those that were compressed, were almost completely filled with PEG. In FTIR, the asymmetric absorption peaks of Si–O–Si at 1078–1076 cm−1were clearly observed, which confirms the existence of bonding between nano-SiO2and wood. The highest melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy showed a heat storage capacity of modified wood, which were 20.7 and 9.8 J/g, respectively. Such phase change capabilities may have potential applications in regulating the rate of change of room temperature. In summary, the modified wood could be utilized as material for construction to conserve energy.Keywords:fast-growing poplar wood;wood modification;densified wood;PEG-treated wood
研究领域:
材料科学
·
林业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
·
2022
·
IF 0
Linhu Ding,Xiaoshuai Han,Lian Chen,Shaohua Jiang
Natural wood (NW) was treated with sodium chlorite to obtain delignified wood (DW) in this study, then epoxy was impregnated to get transparent wood (TW), and finally the TW was coated with perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS) to acquire hydrophobic and transparent wood (HTW). The hydroxyl group generated by the hydrolysis of the FAS and the hydroxyl group of the epoxy underwent a dehydration condensation reaction to generate a Si–O–C bond, while the FAS molecules were also dehydrated and condensed to form a Si–O–Si bond according to Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Therefore, the mechanical property and thermal stability of the HTW were better than the TW based on their tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Due to the large reduction of hydroxyl in epoxy, the hydrophobicity of the HTW was greatly improved compared with the TW, and their contact angles were 113° and 77°, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that epoxy was filled in the voids of wood. In addition, the coating of the FAS did not obviously reduce the transmittance, and the transmittance of the TW and HTW was 69% and 67% at 750 nm. All in all, the HTW has potential for application in transparent decoration.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
Forests
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·836
·
IF 2.4
Yongyue Zhang,Jiayao Li,Yun Lu,Jiangtao Shi
Wood exhibits a limited elastic deformation capacity under external forces due to its small range of elastic limit, which restricts its widespread use as an elastic material. This study presents the development of a stretchable wood-based elastomer (SWE) that is highly mechanical and flexible, achieved without the use of chemical cross-linking. Balsa wood was utilized as a raw material, which was chemically pretreated to remove the majority of the lignin and create a more abundant pore structure, while exposing the active hydroxyl groups on the cellulose surface. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution was impregnated into delignified wood, resulting in the formation of a cross-linked structure through multiple freeze–thaw cycles. After eight cycles, the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction reached up to 25.68 MPa with a strain of ~463%. This excellent mechanical strength is superior to that of most wood-based elastomers reported to date. The SWE can also perform complex deformations such as winding and knotting, and SWE soaked in salt solution exhibits excellent sensing characteristics and can be used to detect human finger bending. Stretchable wood-based elastomers with high mechanical strength and toughness have potential future applications in biomedicine, flexible electronics, and other fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
·
2023
·
IF 8
Sheng Yang,Dengkang Guo,Feng Fu,Xiao Han,Gaiyun Li,Fuxiang Chu
Inspired by the multi-level physiological structure of wood cell wall, a bionic method accomplished by annular thickening of cell wall by polymer was proposed to improve the mechanical performances of plantation wood. The thickening mechanism and the contribution of annular thickening of cell wall to the mechanical performances of plantation wood was analyzed. Results indicated that wood cell wall could be annularly thickened by the modification system prepared with water-soluble vinyl monomers and organic solvent . The flexural, compressive and impact strengths of plantation wood were synchronously improved after the treatment. The modulus of rupture of the prepared wood with 22.4% weight percentage gain reached up to 95.7 MPa which was higher than the TB 17 requirement based on the Chinese National Standard (GB 50206). The thickening degree which could be controlled by adjusting modifier concentration was closely related to the mechanical performance of treated wood.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
林业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Zebo Wu,Dan Liu,Wenhao Wang,Hongtong Xie,Xianghui Chen,Huibin Yin
Magnetized wood (M–W) has been proposed to be used as an absorber in solar-driven interfacial evaporation. The M−W could gain an evaporation rate of 1.46 kg m −2 h −1 under the combined effect of sunlight and magnetic fields, which is 27 % higher than carbonized wood (C–W). To explore the mechanism, they were subjected to SEM, XPS, and water contact angle tests. It is revealing that M−W forms much more microchannels for steam diffusion. The M−W shows 97 % optical absorption within the whole wavelength, while the C–W is lower than 85 %, revealing the M−W can gather most of the solar radiation. Finally, the permeability coefficients of carbonized and magnetized woods are calculated by the CFD model. The permeability coefficient of the M−W is 20 % higher than the C–W, which can be attributed to Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles disturbing the steam growth in the magnetic field, hence decreasing the thickness of the liquid film covering the bubbles and improving the solar evaporation rate.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 57
·期 2
·467-481
·
IF 3.4
Yin Xuefeng,Zhang Yaqian,Xu Yongjian
In this study, metal-free wood-based encapsulating materials for white light-emitting diode were obtained by using renewable transparent wood as the biological support and the light scattering component, and graphite carbon nitride as the color light emitting component. The graphite phase carbon nitrides with blue and green color were prepared by thermal polymerization through structural regulation of raw materials. The resulting different color phosphors were mixed with epoxy resin, respectively, and then, blue epoxy resin, green epoxy resin and red epoxy resin were mixed with a mass ratio of 4:2:1 and a proper amount of curing agent. The delignified balsa wood with high porosity was vacuum impregnated with epoxy resin mixture to obtain white luminescent transparent wood with better performance such as high transmittance and high haze. This work provides a feasible solution for the sustainable development of transparent wood and the application of transparent wood to photoelectric materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
可持续发展
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 52
·期 6
·3321-3329
·
IF 2.302
Gan Wentao,Gao Likun,Xiao Shaoliang,Zhang Wenbo,Zhan Xianxu,Li Jian
Wood is one of the key renewable resources due to its excellent structure and physical properties. Functionalized wood and wood-based materials not only possess important engineering applications but also great potential in some new technology fields, such as electronics, optics, and energy. Endowing these functional wood-based materials with magnetic properties has an important significance for exploring lightweight building materials or electronic devices. In this study, we report the fabrication of a transparent magnetic wood (TMW) based on filling the index-matching methyl methacrylate and magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles into the delignified wood template. The presence of the polymer and Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles within the wood structure is monitored by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. The resulting TMW possesses moderate transparency and magnetic properties combining with outstanding mechanical performance. Moreover, the influence of the concentration of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on the final optical, magnetic, and mechanical properties of TMW is also discussed. This work provides a potential strategy to develop wood-based materials for magneto-optical application.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
林业工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2022
·
IF 6.449
Zhenju Bi,Jeffrey J. Morrell,Yafang Lei,Li Yan,Meitong Ji
Wood protection using plant-derived extracts has shown some promise but the extracts are often easily leached making them less attractive for long-term wood protection. The potential of extracts from heat treated wood sawdust as a natural substitute for wood preservatives was explored, and a mild enzyme-catalyzed method was used to improve its leaching resistance. Laccase was used to catalyze grafting reactions of extracts from heat treated spruce ( Picea asperata Mast.) and larch ( Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen.). The resulting extracts were screened for antifungal activity and then impregnated into poplar blocks ( Populus tomentosa Carr.). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize extracts reactions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the grafted compounds. Acetone extracts from both heat treated spruce and larch exhibited good activity against the test fungi. Heat treated spruce and larch acetone extracts grafted on modified poplar and subjected to leaching showed better activity against the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quél. than the brown-rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.: Fr.) Murr. FTIR and XPS results indicated that heat-treated spruce and larch extracts were grafted on poplar by laccase catalysis. Squalene, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, and n-hexadecanoic acid were among those compounds suggested to be grafted. The results suggest that laccase-mediated pre-treatment of plant extracts has the potential to increase resistance to leaching. Trials with additional plant-extracts are recommended.
研究领域:
林学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Forests
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·1274
·
IF 2.4
Lin Liu,Junkai Tian,Ziyao Zhou,Chunwang Yang,Susu Yang,Kangkang Zhang,Yushan Yang,Jian Qiu
Utilizing conventional wood preservatives poses potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Therefore, the wood protection industry must develop alternatives that are both efficient and environmentally friendly. In this paper, industrial tobacco waste extracts were used as eco-friendly wood preservatives against wood decay fungi. Three major constituents in the extracts were identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and included nicotine, neophytadiene, and 2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol. The antifungal activities of waste tobacco extracts and these three major constituents against wood decay fungi were tested. At a concentration of 40 mg/mL, the tobacco waste extract treated with 50% ethanol significantly inhibited the activity of wood decay fungi. This was because the extract contained nicotine as the primary active component and neophytadiene as a synergistic active component. Wood decay resistance tests were conducted onPinus yunnanensisandHevea brasiliensistreated with a 50% ethanol extract of tobacco waste at a concentration of 40 mg/mL. The mass losses ofPinus yunnanensisexposed toG. trabeumandT. versicolorwere 4.11% and 5.03%, respectively, while the mass losses inHevea brasiliensisexposed toG. trabeumandT. versicolorwere 7.85% and 9.85%, respectively, which were classified as highly resistant. The acute ecotoxicity of the tobacco waste extract was assessed using a kinetic luminescent bacteria test withAliivibrio fischeri, which revealed significantly lower acute toxicity than a commercial copper-based wood preservative. This study offers insights into high-value utilization of tobacco waste and advancement of natural wood preservatives.
研究领域:
林产化学与技术
·
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2017
·
IF 5.951
Wentao Gan,Shaoliang Xiao,Likun Gao,Runan Gao,Jian Li,Xianxu Zhan
Natural wood is functionalized using the index matching poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and luminescent γ-Fe2O3@YVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles to form a novel type of luminescent and transparent wood composite. First, the delignified wood template was obtained from natural wood through a lignin removal process, which can be used as a support for transparent polymer and phosphor nanoparticles. Then, the functionalization occurs in the lumen of wood, which benefits from PMMA that fills the cell lumen and enhances cellulose nanofiber interaction, leading to wood composites with excellent thermal properties, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties. More importantly, this wood composite displays a high optical transmittance in a broad wavelength range between 350 and 800 nm, magnetic responsiveness, and brightly colored photoluminescence under UV excitation at 254 nm. The unique properties and green nature of the luminescent wood composite have great potential in applications including green LED lighting equipment, luminescent magnetic switches, and anti-counterfeiting facilities.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
林业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 12.5
Mingjie Guo,Ying Pan,Shengjun Xu,Wei Wang,Yan Zhang,Shaodan Xu,Dihua Wu,Dong Zhang,Suling Zhang,Ting Lü,Hongting Zhao
Transparent wood (TW), an emerging sustainable material with high optical transmittance and mechanical strength, is hindered by the inherent flammability of its cellulose-lignin matrix, posing fire risks. To address this, we developed an eco-friendly flame-retardant TW by integrating phosphorylated sodium alginate (PSA)-filled delignified wood with polyurethane acrylic resin (PUA). Delignified balsa wood was freeze-dried into a porous structure, functionalized with PSA, and reinforced with UV-cured PUA. Structural characterization confirmed uniform PSA coating on delignified wood channels, introducing phosphorus groups that enhanced thermal stability and flame retardancy. Combustion tests revealed self-extinguishing behavior in PSA-modified delignified woods, reducing peak heat release rate (pHRR) by 67 % and total heat release (THR) by 80 % versus delignified wood. The final PUA/wood-PSA3 composite demonstrated a 27 % pHRR reduction and 47 % lower THR compared to pure PUA, alongside 61 % less smoke emission. Optical transmittance of composites decreased moderately due to PSA's light absorption, while tensile strengths of PUA/wood composites surged to 30 MPa owing to the aligned cellulose scaffold. The flame-retardant mechanisms were investigated using characterization of the char residue and molecular dynamics simulations. These methods demonstrated the effectiveness of phosphorus-induced char formation and radical quenching in enhancing fire safety while preserving essential material properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
木材科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 20
·4063
·
IF 5
Xiaoshuai Han,Xiaoyi Wang,Wei Tian,Yuli Wang,Jiangbo Wang,Frank Lam,Shaohua Jiang
Mildly delignified wood showed a well-preserved wood cell wall framework, and its derived compressed materials demonstrate excellent mechanical properties and advanced functional material potential. Here, we proposed a simple yet effective approach for making strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate by a three-step process of mild delignification, infiltrating potassium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate (PFBS), and hot-pressing to densify the material. PFBS can be infiltrated into the micro/nano-structures of the mildly delignified wood to achieve a good flame-resistant protective barrier. Flame retardant tests showed that this strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate has a superior flame-retardant performance to natural wood. Additionally, the wooden laminate also exhibits a simultaneously enhanced tensile strength (175.6 MPavs.89.9 MPa for natural wood) and toughness (22.9 MJ m−3vs.10.9 MJ m−3for natural wood). Given these attributes, the resulting wooden laminates are identified as promising candidates for high-performance structural applications, fulfilling stringent requirements for both mechanical resilience and flame-retardant efficacy.Keywords:wood;biomimetic;mechanical performance;fire-retardant
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物仿生学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）