Gels
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 4
·208
·
IF 4.432
Jianxiong Xu,Yuecong Luo,Yin Chen,Ziyu Guo,Yutong Zhang,Shaowen Xie,Na Li,Lijian Xu
Spiropyran-containing hydrogels that can respond to external stimuli such as temperature, light, and stress have attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, most of them are generally dual or multiple stimuli-responsive to external stimuli, and the interplay of different stimulus responses is harmful to their sensitivity. Herein, spiropyran bearing polymer beads incorporated PAM (poly(AM–co–MA/DMSP3)) hydrogels with sole mechanochromic properties were synthesized by emulsion polymerization of acrylamide (AM) and methyl acrylate (MA) in the presence of spiropyran dimethacrylate mechanophore (DMSP3) crosslinker. Due to the hydrophobic nature of MA and DMSP3, the resultant hydrogel afforded a rosary structure with DMSP3 bearing polymer beads incorporated in the PAM network. It is found that the chemical component (e.g., AM, MA, and DMSP3 concentrations) significantly affect the mechanical and mechanoresponsive properties of the as-obtained poly(AM–co–MA/DMSP3) hydrogel. Under optimal conditions, poly(AM–co–MA/DMSP3) hydrogel displayed high mechanical properties (tensile stress of 1.91 MPa, a tensile strain of 815%, an elastic modulus of 0.67 MPa, and tearing energy of 3920 J/m2), and a good self-recovery feature. Owing to the mechanoresponsive of SP3, the hydrogels exhibited reversible color changes under force-induced deformation and relaxed recovery states. More impressive, the poly(AM–co–MA/DMSP3) hydrogel showed a linear correlation between tensile strain and chromaticity (x, y) as well as a stain and resting time-dependent color recovery rate. This kind of hydrogel is believed to have great potential in the application of outdoor strain sensors.Keywords:mechanophore;mechanoresponsive hydrogels;emulsion polymerization;spiropyran
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2018
·
IF 2.975
Wen Yang,Shengnan Wang,Ran Li,Jian Xu,Wentao Hao
A growing interest has been devoted to the mechano-responsive fluorescent polymers recently for their potential applications in mechanosensors, memory devices, security papers, etc. In this article, we demonstrated that hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s (HPAMAMs) are novel mechano-responsive fluorescent polymers. The fluorescence intensity of HPAMAM films sensitively increases as the films stretch, both for small and large strains. After the strain is released, the fluorescence intensity of HPAMAMs can quickly return to nearly original values. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity of HPAMAMs continuously changes when experiencing cyclic stretching and releasing. It is believed that this work provides a new insight for the research of mechano-responsive fluorescent polymers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Tianguang Wang,Jinsong Zeng,Pengfei Li,Fugang Hu,Hao Yang,Jianqiao Su,Daxian Cao,Kefu Chen
Responsive ionic hydrogels with switchable stiffness exhibit broad potential for practical applications. However, the presence of hydration layers presents significant challenges in optimizing the performance of these materials. In this manuscript, we report a strategy for converting the hydration layer of ionic hydrogels into a transitional layer. This enables isochoric and reversible switching between soft ionic hydrogels and rigid polymers by adjusting phase separation, accompanied by a gigantic stiffness change from approximately 0.36 MPa to 694.90 MPa. By analyzing these mechanical responses during continuous phase separation, we identified a three-stage evolution pattern: transitioning from a soft state to a tough state, and ultimately to a robust state. Meanwhile, research has demonstrated that the presence of a transition layer not only ensures uniform stress distribution and defect-free structures in ionic hydrogels at low stiffness levels but also significantly enhances the dimensional stability, mechanical integrity, and fatigue resistance of the polymer network during stiffness-switching. This ultimately facilitates the successful fabrication of polymer materials with a broad range of tunable stiffness and enhanced toughness. This work presents a novel strategy for integrating transitional layers into ionic hydrogels, underscoring their potential for applications requiring isochoric and a broad range of adjustable stiffnesses.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
力学性能研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 16.6
Li Bo,Cai Chuanyang,Liu Yang,Wang Fang,Yang Bin,Li Qikai,Zhang Pengxiang,Deng Biao,Hou Pengfei,Liu Weishu
Ferroelectric polymers have great potential applications in mechanical/thermal sensing, but their sensitivity and detection limit are still not outstanding. We propose interface engineering to improve the charge collection in a ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) thin film via cross-linking with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) layer. The as-fabricated P(VDF-TrFE)/PEDOT:PSS composite film exhibits an ultrasensitive and linear mechanical/thermal response, showing sensitivities of 2.2 V kPa −1 in the pressure range of 0.025–100 kPa and 6.4 V K −1 in the temperature change range of 0.05–10 K. A corresponding piezoelectric coefficient of −86 pC N −1 and a pyroelectric coefficient of 95 μC m −2 K −1 are achieved because more charge is collected by the network interconnection interface between PEDOT:PSS and P(VDF-TrFE), related to the increase in the dielectric properties. Our work shines a light on a device-level technique route for boosting the sensitivity of ferroelectric polymer sensors through electrode interface engineering.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS
·
2019
·
IF 0.486
Chengyi Chu,Huangsheng Wu,Aihua Sun,Xiaobing Tang,Yugang Yan,Guoxiong Shao,Zhixiang Li,Jianjun Guo,Gaojie Xu
The multresponsive photonic hydrogels (MRPHs) based on Fe3O4@C NPs and Acrylamide-N-isopropylacrylamide (AM-NIPAM) was prepared by UV polymerization process with the help of magnetic field. This work is mainly about the long-term stability of MRPHs. The mechano-response performance of MRPHs after being remained in water for a year has been measured and discussed in details. The result shows that the MRPHs were still very sensible and exhibit brilliant structure color. The reflectance peak of MRPHs changed markedly (from 700 nm to 550 nm) as increasing compression from 0 to 1N and the structure color change can be made reversible for ∼100 times or even more if necessary. Besides, the structure color of MRPHs was broken after being natural air-dried for 3 months and it can recover when dried MRPHs were immerged in water for 10 hours. So the MRPHs have good stability and the structure color can persevere for long time without fading, which contributes to the piratical application of MRPHs used as sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemSystemsChem
·
2024
·
IF 3.1
Zhenfang Cheng,Ling Yuan,Hui Wang,Haodi Yu,Meng Zhang,Irving R Epstein,Tan Gao,Lin Ren,Qingyu Gao
Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) self-oscillating gels exhibit periodic volumetric swelling–deswelling, providing the basis for autonomous soft robots without external control. However, traditional BZ self-oscillating gels suffer from degradation and slow chemo–mechanical response. Here, three types of BZ self-oscillating gels were prepared by adjusting the monomer/crosslinker ratio and using N-isopropylacrylamide nanogels as crosslinker. Compared with traditional gels, the toughness of nanopolymerized and entangled gels was markedly improved and their response to the Ru (II)/Ru (III) alternation was accelerated. The three self-oscillating gels showed different periodic responses in a BZ reaction solution. Entangled gels, as a result of their greater spatial uniformity in energy dissipation and enhanced interconnection between mesopores, respectively, showed the longest lifetime and shortest chemo-mechanical oscillation delay. The synthesis of tougher and faster responding entangled gels expands the function and application of BZ self-oscillating gels.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Hongyang Ma,Yuanyuan Xiang,Mengmeng Li,Haiyang Zhang,Xiaofeng Liu,Chao Wu,Shuqi Zhao,Xu Liu,Zhongjun Cheng,Yuyan Liu
Adhesives with switchable adhesion for both solids and liquids have become research frontier because of their broad application potential in fields such as biomedicine and soft grippers. However, these adhesives simultaneously achieving high adhesion modulation ratios for both solids and liquids remain challenge, because high surface free energy and large contact area make the adhesives lose the ability to control liquid adhesion. In this study, we integrated the adhesive concepts of the lotus leaf, gecko, and mesovelia to design a mechanically responsive adhesive surface (MRAS), which consists of a low adhesion background mesh (LABM) similar to lotus leaves and high adhesion pillar array that mimics geckos. Similar to the adhesion-regulating mechanism of mesovelia, this MRAS enables reversible adhesion switching by mechanically controlling the protrusion/retraction of pillars on the LABM. The MRAS can regulate adhesion force by altering the surface chemistry of pillars and the contact state between the pillars and solids/liquids. The MRAS can achieve high adhesion modulation ratios of 260 for solids and 105 for liquids, and can switch adhesion rapidly (less than 1 s) and efficiently. These capabilities allow the MRAS to manipulate various solids and liquids. Additionally, it enables the programmable control of solids and liquids. This research could provide new strategies for applying switchable adhesive surfaces in various fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
仿生学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
·
2018
·Vol. 303
·期 9
·1800154
·
IF 2.69
Yanyu Jia,Wen-Jun Wang,Bo-Geng Li,Shiping Zhu
Colorimetric mechanophores like spiropyran (SP) represent an emerging type of interesting signal molecule that can be incorporated into polymers or other materials as a stress transducer. In this work, a new type of spiropyran-containing inimer molecule MA-SP-Br are designed and synthesized, which is incorporated into polybutylacrylate (PBA) chains through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization with n- butyl acrylate (BA). PBA-SP-Br is then used as a macro-initiator to graft polystyrene (PS) side chains from the PBA backbone through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene. The resulting comb-structured graft copolymer PBA-SP-PS contains 0.15–0.34% SP and exhibits a characteristic feature of thermoplastic elastomers. Under uniaxial stretch, the materials possess an excellent mechano-responsivity and change color at strains as low as about 14%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Soft Matter
·
2013
·Vol. 9
·期 24
·5807-5814
·
IF 3.909
Xiuqin Cai,Ying Wu,Liya Wang,Ni Yan,Jing Liu,Xiaohua Fang,Yu Fang
Two novel cholesteryl derivatives of calix[4]arene with L- or D-phenylalanine residues in the linkers (1 and 2, respectively) were designed and synthesized. The gelation behaviors of the compounds in 30 organic solvents were tested. It was demonstrated that 1 gels n-butanol and n-pentanol at room temperature, but 2 gels isopropanol only under the treatment of heating–cooling cycling or energy supplementing via sonication, vortex or agitation at room temperature. AFM and SEM measurements revealed that the structures of the gel networks are greatly affected by the spatial configurations of the linkers contained in the calix[4]arene derivatives. Furthermore, mechanical treatment not only promotes the gelation of the system of 2–isopropanol, but also enhances the strength of the gel. Specifically, 18 min of agitation at room temperature makes the storage modulus and the yield stress of the gel (3.5%, w/v) exceed 1 × 106 Pa and 6 × 103 Pa, respectively, which are second only to the mechanically strongest low molecular mass gelator-based molecular gel reported until now. XRD analysis revealed the hexagonal packing structure of 1 in its n-pentanol gel.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 167
·期 4
·047515
·
IF 3.721
Zhuangzhi Sun,Lu Yang,Jintao Zhao,Wenlong Song
The design of smart full-hydrogel actuators constructed with natural carbohydrate polymers applied in biomedical and tissue engineering is very important but challenging. Herein, inspired by the efficient transportation of nerve impulses from human muscle, a very simple and natural enhancement strategy was proposed for the preparation of high-efficiency ion transportation channels and high-performance cellulose-all-hydrogel electroactive human-like muscles. Simulating the mechanisms that nerve excitation in human muscle are transmitted through, e.g., releasing ions into efficient channels, co-doped conductive nanoparticles of manganese dioxide (MnO2)/polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/reduced graphene oxide (r-GOx) are applied to construct ionic electrolyte membrane (IEM) with superconductive ion channels based on a natural cellulose polymer as a skeleton template, and the obtained product demonstrated outstanding ion transportation efficiency, mechanical properties and electrochemical properties. Bioinspired artificial muscles prepared by IEM exhibit excellent actuation performance including superfast response speed, deflection displacement (16.284 mm), and output force (4.153 mN). These advantages are largely attributed to the superconductive ion channels formed by the codoping of conductive nanoparticles, and this anisotropic feature also contributes to the increase in porosity and specific surface area within the IEM. This study reveals that the bioinspired idea of developing efficient ion transportation channels provides an innovative inspiration for accelerating the actuation performance of artificial muscles.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
组织工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Bio
·
2024
·
IF 8.7
Shengjia Chen,Xiangshu Guo,Yanyu Yang,Junjie Deng,Ting Xu,Zhechen Yuan,Hao Xue,Longxing Niu,Rong Wang,Yi Shen
The tympanic membrane (TM) is constantly in a state of vibrating. However, there is currently a lack of drug-delivery scaffolds suitable for the dynamic environment of TM perforation. In this study, a mechano-responsive tough hydrogel was developed. It consists of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-loaded sodium alginate (SA) microspheres, polysulfobetaine methacrylate (polySBMA), and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). This hydrogel was designed to serve as a TM scaffold to promote perforation healing under dynamic conditions. bFGF was encapsulated in SA microspheres, which were then incorporated into polySBMA-GelMA hydrogels through photo-initiated free radical polymerization. The mechanical properties, tissue adhesiveness, swelling properties, and degradation of the hydrogels were evaluated before and after microsphere incorporation. It was observed that incorporating bFGF-loaded SA microspheres did not significantly impact the adhesion and degradation mechanisms of the hydrogel. The compressive strength and tensile strength of the microsphere-incorporated hydrogel were up to 6.6 MPa and 64.1 kPa, respectively, suitable for a TM scaffold. The release behavior of bFGF from the hydrogel could be controlled by vibration stimulation without significantly affecting the hydrogel's mechanical properties, indicating a mechano-responsive nature of the hydrogel. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the hydrogels showed no cytotoxic effects. Moreover, cell culture assays demonstrated that vibration stimulation could enhance the release of bFGF, significantly promoting cell proliferation and migration. The results demonstrate the significant potential of the mechano-responsive hydrogel as a scaffold for repairing TM perforations.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
组织工程学
·
耳科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2021
·
IF 4.43
Xinzhu Sun,Danman Guo,Yifeng Cao,Faxu Lin,Huahua Huang,Zhiyong Yang,Yongming Chen,Zhenguo Chi
A series of mechanoresponsive fluorescence composite films were prepared by doping pyrene (Py) and its derivatives including 1-hydroxypyrene (HPY), 1-pyrenemethanol (PYM) and 1-pyrenylboronic acid (PBA) into thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) via physical blending, respectively. The fluorescence property of the composite films was found to be influenced by the polar group of pyrene derivatives and the content of hard segment of PU. The doped PYM showed a stronger trend to aggregate in PU matrixes, relative to other dyes. Contrary to PU/Py and most of previously reported mechanoresponsive materials, the emission intensity of aggregated PYM molecules in both PU25/PYM and PU50/PYM films exhibited a stretching-enhanced-emission feature. When PU25/PYM was stretched up to 500%, the intensity ratio of its dual emission peaks at 490 and 400 nm increased from 2.3 to 5.3. This interesting mechanoresponsive behavior was related to the formation of strong hydrogen bonding between PYM and hard segment of PU matrixes proved by FT-IR spectrograph. Enhancing instead of reducing the emission intensity of dyes through stretching would be remarkable in the field of mechanoresponsive materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
光学材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）