MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2025
·
IF 5
Guosai Jiang,Ziyuan Liu,Yao Xue,Xiaoguang Zhang,Zhe Tan,Yufeng Wu,De’an Pan
Acid sludge, a hazardous waste from lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn) smelting process, typically contains selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg), both of which have high economic value. Recovering these elements contributes to resource reuse and environmental pollution reduction. However, designing an efficient recovery process for Se and Hg is a key technical challenge in the disposal of Se/Hg-containing acid sludge. In this study, we proposed a highly efficient wet recovery method for Se and Hg, which involves mechanical ball milling pretreatment of acid sludge followed by an oxidizing acid leaching process. Through single-factor experiment and response surface methodology (RSM) optimization, the leaching efficiencies of 99.69 % for Se and 99.64 % for Hg within 11 min were achieved. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the leaching process were thoroughly investigated to elucidate the conversion mechanisms of Se and Hg and the rate-controlling step from chemical reaction. Notably, the mechanical pretreatment significantly enhanced the leaching efficiencies of Se and Hg in less time compared to direct leaching process, owing to the reduced particle size, more scattered distribution and decreased crystallinity. This research offers valuable insights into the efficient leaching of Se and Hg species from acid sludge, potentially addressing the issues of resource wastage and environmental pollution from large stockpiles of acid sludge.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
·
资源回收
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2013
·Vol. 1
·期 12
·3983-3991
·
IF 0
Lina Chong,Jianxin Zou,Xiaoqin Zeng,Wenjiang Ding
In this work, a reversible hydrogen storage composite, 3NaBH4/NdF3, has been prepared using a mechanical milling method. The de-/rehydrogenation properties as well as the mechanisms of reversible hydrogen sorption in the composite were carefully investigated. Based on the pressure–temperature–composition measurements, the de-/rehydrogenation enthalpies of the 3NaBH4/NdF3 composite are determined to be 86.4 kJ mol−1 H2 and −13.2 kJ mol−1 H2, respectively. The onset dehydriding temperature of the composite is determined to be 413 °C in 0.1 MPa Ar atmosphere and can be as low as 80 °C under vacuum conditions. Analyses revealed that NdB6, Nd2H5 and NaF were formed after the decomposition of the composite, which can be hydrogenated to produce NaBH4 and NaNdF4. The formation of NaNdF4 instead of NdF3 in the hydrogenated products is believed to be responsible for the reduced hydrogen storage capacity, while the intermediate formation of B, Nd and NdB4 during dehydrogenation accounts for the asymmetric hydriding/dehydriding behaviors in the 3NaBH4/NdF3 composite.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2014
·
IF 2.93
Lina Chong,Jianxin Zou,Xiaoqin Zeng,Wenjiang Ding
In this work, the complex hydrogen sorption behaviors in a 3NaBH 4 /HoF 3 composite prepared through mechanical milling were carefully investigated, including the reactions occurred during ball milling and de-/rehydrogenation processes. Different from other rear earth fluorides, the HoF 3 can react with NaBH 4 during ball milling, leading to the formations of Na–Ho–F and Na–Ho–BH 4 complex compounds. The first dehydriding of the 3NaBH 4 /HoF 3 composite can be divided into 4 steps, including the ion exchange between H − and F − , the formation of NaHo(BH 4 ) 4 , the decomposition of NaHo(BH 4 ) 4 and reaction of NaBH 4 with Na–Ho–F compounds. The final products, HoB 4 , HoH 3 and NaF, can be rehydrogenated to generate NaBH 4 and NaHoF 4 with an absorption capacity of 2.3 wt% obtained at 400 °C. Based on the Pressure–Composition–Temperature measurements, the de-/rehydrogenation enthalpies of the 3NaBH 4 /HoF 3 composite are determined to be 88.3 kJ mol −1 H 2 and −27.1 kJ mol −1 H 2 , respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
·
IF 7.4
Yuxiang Shi,Lei Li,Shuyan Zhang,Wenjun Zhou,Shaolin Li,Wei-xian Zhang
A critical problem in the production of ultrafine zero-valent iron (ZVI) using mechanical milling is that the metallic iron (main component of ZVI) is ductile and can withstand severe plastic deformation , which leads to the slow pulverization of ZVI during its milling. In this work, we introduce non-ductile particle solids (FeS x ) as milling aids to enhance the pulverization of the ductile ZVI, and find that the addition can improve the pulverization. The result is verified in three different ways through which the milling aids (FeS x ) are introduced, namely, the addition of the FeS x solid directly, the use of the FeS x that is formed during the milling using aqueous sulfide solution as milling solvent with and without the addition of ferrous ion. The ZVI particles are pulverized to hundreds of nanometers using the milling aids, while the particles are deformed to flakes of a few microns without the milling aids. Such size difference is quantified using two sizing technologies independently and is verified by the study of the hydrodynamic performance at three flow conditions that are of practical interest for the environmental applications of ZVI. Mechanism of the FeS x as milling aids for the pulverization enhancement may relate to its wedge effects, its non-ductile texture that inhibits the cold welding and its fine bead function. The study provides a method to improve the efficiency of the production of ultrafine iron particles for environmental applications and it is also the 1st work reporting the enhancement of the pulverization of ductile ZVI.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2022
·
IF 5.204
Zhenglong He,Donghua Jia,Lili Wang,Ao Gao,Zhipeng zeng,Xinmeng Wang
To improve the exothermic temperature and flammability of polyurethane foam (PUF), red phosphorus (RP) and diatomite (D) from mechanical milling were chosen as the flame retardants to be incorporated into the polyurethane/waterglass foam (PUHF). The maximum exothermic temperature and temperature distribution of PUF and PUHF were measured using an infrared thermal camera. The morphology and chemical structure of the flame retardants as well as the chemical structure, morphology, compressive strength, thermal stability and flame retardancy of different PUFs were comprehensively investigated by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, compression test, thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index, vertical burning combustion test, cone calorimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained results showed that the maximum exothermic temperature and temperature distribution of PUHF were lower and more uniform than those of PUF. The addition of D increased the dispersion of RP in PUHF, and the uniform and closed pore structures and compressive property were well-retained. Moreover, RP/D/PUHF exhibited excellent thermal stability and flame retardant properties. In addition, a possible flame retardant mechanism of RP/D/PUHF was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
·
IF 7.1
Danni Tang,Bing Ma,Ruiqiang Liu,Jingqing Tian,Chen Zhao
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid is an important biomonomer for the synthesis of polyesters, and studies on the synthesis of FDCA mainly focus on the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furoic acid routes. The synthetic route starting from furfural has a broader and more economical raw material source than the furoic acid route. In this study, the furfural route was used to develop an energy-efficient and one-pot method for synthesizing FDCA from furfural and CO2 as raw materials. Under solvent-free conditions, the Co–N–C catalyst and CsOH·H2O were used as catalyst and base, respectively. Pure furfural was converted to cesium furoate (with a yield of 93%) by mechanical ball-milling. Then, without the need for separation and purification, CsOH·H2O was in situ-transformed into Cs2CO3 at 260 °C under a flowing CO2 atmosphere, thereby facilitating the carboxylation of furoate to cesium 2,5-furandicarboxylate. The dynamic experiments and Matlab data fitting revealed that it followed the iterative steps of rapid disproportionation (k1 = 7.53) and slow furfuryl alcohol oxidation (k2 = 0.13). Single Co sites improved atomic utilization without using any solvent, yielding a fast formation rate of furoic acid (21.6 molFA molmetal–1 h–1). The renewable biomass furfural and greenhouse gas CO2 were comprehensively utilized to form a biobased polyester monomer FDCA via a green and simple strategy.
研究领域:
化学工程
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生物质化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2019
·
IF 4.084
Liang Dan,Long Hu,Hui Wang,Min Zhu
To improve the hydrogen sorption kinetics of MgH 2 , the MoO 3 nanobelts were added into MgH 2 by mechanical milling, leading to fine distribution of MoO 3 in the MgH 2 matrix. Compared to uncatalyzed MgH 2 , the hydriding and dehydriding rates of MoO 3 -catalyzed MgH 2 were significantly improved. The MgH 2 doped with 2 mol% MoO 3 exhibited fast dehydrogenation without activation, and the initial dehydrogenation amount of 5 wt% could be reached within 900 s at 300 °C. The dehydrogenation apparent activation energy is decreased down to 114.7 kJ/mol. The excellent catalytic effect of MoO 3 originates from its specific role as fast hydrogen diffusion pathways. In the hydrogenation process , the MoO 3 transformed to MoO 2 , resulting in the fading of catalytic activity .
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
·
2021
·Vol. 50
·期 11
·6426-6437
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IF 1.938
Zhang Chao,Sun Huajun,Zhu Quanyao
In this paper, two methods (magnetic stirring and mechanical ball milling) were used to modify the surface of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particles. Then, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/PZT piezoelectric films were prepared by extrusion casting and solvent casting. We investigated the mechanical, dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties, as well as the breakdown strength of the PVDF/PZT films. We found that adding PZT particles improved the mechanical stability of the films under variable temperature conditions. Modification by the UP-105 titanate coupling reagent further improved the combination and dispersion of PZT@105 particles in PVDF. The films prepared by extrusion casting showed improved properties in terms of density, dielectric constant, breakdown strength, and piezoelectric coefficient. The piezoelectric coefficient ( d 33 ) of the PVDF/PZT@105 composite film (with 25 wt.% PZT@105) prepared by extrusion casting reached 35 pC/N, and the electromechanical strain ratio was almost 1.6%, which is higher than that of piezoelectric ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
·
2017
·
IF 0.736
X. Guan,P. Luo,S. J. Dong
Aluminum (Al)-based materials composited of different low melting point materials were prepared by mechanical ball-milling. Hydrogen production using these materials was investigated to help resolving the safety issues associated with the storage and transportation of hydrogen. The phase composition and microstructure of the Al-based composited materials were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. As observed in this study, the addition of low melting point metals (such as Sn, Bi and In) helped to lower the initial Al-water reaction temperature and to increase the yield in the production of hydrogen. Samples of optimized compositions, Al–6% Sn–4% Bi and Al–6% Sn–4% In, were found to exhibit high hydrogen production yields of up to 448 and 515 mL, respectively. Meanwhile, their hydrogen generation rates were increased.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Waste and Biomass Valorization
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 8
·5043-5052
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IF 2.6
Yang Wei,Yang Fan,Wu Shengji,Che Lei
Ball milling of rice straw impregnated with sulfuric acid (RS-S), hydrochloric acid (RS-H), acetic acid (RS-A), or nitric acid (RS-N) were carried out in this study. Physicochemical analysis and subcritical water hydrolysis were performed to evaluate the effect of acid species on ball milling treatment of rice straw. Acetic acid and solo ball milling treatment showed little effect on solubility, thermal stability and crystalline structure of rice straw, while hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and nitric acid significantly improved the solubility and decreased the crystallinity index and thermal stability of rice straw. Sulfuric acid was found to be the most efficient acid to destroy the rice straw structure during ball milling followed by nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, attributed to its long retention on rice straw surface after drying. The effective cleavage of holocellulose-lignin chemical linkages in RS-S during pretreatment made the hydrolysis products of RS-S easier to be hydrolyzed to biochar at high reaction temperatures, resulting in the increased solid residue yield. The breakage of crystallites and holocellulose-lignin chemical linkages greatly improved the reactivity of RS-S, resulting in the lower temperature and activation energy required to initiate the hydrolysis reaction compared with those of rice straw and RS-A. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
生物质能
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化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Processes
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·672
·
IF 2.8
Peng Tan,Nuo Meng,Xuxin Cao,Xiguo Zhang,Yuanyuan Huang,Tielong Li,Wei Wang
As an alternative to the traditional advanced oxidation process of adding potassium persulfate (PS) and its activator to the solution separately, in this study, M(AC-PS), an integrated activator and catalyst, was synthesized by vacuum ball milling of PS and activated carbon (AC) to improve the PS’s utilization efficiency. The joint mechanical milling caused a change in the preferentially exposed crystal surface of the PS and the generation of more π-π* structures on the AC, leading to successful and stable connection of the PS onto the surface of the AC. Within 40 min, the M(AC-PS) achieved a degradation rate of 97.3% for tetracycline (TC, 20 mg/L), while the mixed system where AC and PS were separately ball milled achieved only a 53.1% removal of TC. Reactive oxygen species and electrochemical tests showed that M(AC-PS) mainly oxidized TC through non-free radical mechanisms. In M(AC-PS), AC provided oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., C=O) to activate the PS and electron holes as an electron transfer medium, generating1O2and promoting electron donation from the TC to enhance the oxidation of the TC. Almost no catalytic components were detected in the solution, indicating that the obtained solid composite material avoids the limitations of solid–liquid interface contact and mass transfer, and then improves the efficiency of activation and catalysis. This study presents a simple and feasible method for obtaining efficient and convenient material for the advanced oxidation treatment of wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
·
2015
·Vol. 30
·期 7
·967-972
·
IF 1.647
Tan Yajun,Zhu Yunfeng,Yuan Jianguang,Li Liquan
Ti was added to Mg–Ni alloy (Mg 95 Ni 5 ) by a novel hydriding combustion synthesis (HCS) process. The effect of Ti on hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics of Mg 95 Ni 5 was investigated. The results showed that Ti had superior catalytic effects on hydrogen storage properties of Mg 95 Ni 5 , which required only 80 s to reach its saturated hydrogen absorption capacity of 6.29 wt% at 473 K and released 5.49 wt% hydrogen within 900 s at 553 K. Based on an Arrhenius analysis, the activation energy of the hydrogen desorption process was 80.8 kJ mol −1 for the main phase of MgH 2 in the Ti-doped Mg 95 Ni 5 . The excellent hydriding/dehydriding properties were related to the existence of TiH 1.924 , which improved the efficiency of mechanical milling and was helpful in the refinement of the crystallite size of MgH 2 , resulting in more fresh surface area and grain boundary area. Besides, it was thought to restrain the Mg particles from growth during the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）