MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 5
·2205
·
IF 4.6
Shengli Shi,Xinsha Zhang,Xianbin Liu,Zhen Chen,Hewen Tang,Dongbao Hu,Hongmei Li
The essential oil (EO) was extracted from aerial parts with insecticidal and fungicidal activity. Herein, the hydro-distilled essential oils ofSeseli maireiH. Wolff roots were determined by GC-MS. A total of 37 components were identified, (E)-beta-caryophyllene (10.49%),β-geranylgeranyl (6.64%), (E)-2-decenal (6.17%) and germacrene-D (4.28%). The essential oil ofSeseli maireiH. Wolff had nematicidal toxicity againstBursaphelenchus xylophiluswith a LC50value of 53.45 μg/mL. The subsequent bioassay-guided investigation led to the isolation of three active constituents: falcarinol, (E)-2-decenal, and octanoic acid. The falcarinol demonstrated the strongest toxicity againstB. Xylophilus(LC50= 8.52 μg/mL). The octanoic acid and (E)-2-decenal also exhibited moderate toxicity againstB. xylophilus(LC50= 65.56 and 176.34 μg/mL, respectively). The LC50of falcarinol for the toxicity ofB. xylophiluswas 7.7 and 21 times than that of octanoic acid and (E)-2-decenal, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil fromSeseli maireiH. Wolff roots and their isolates may be developed as a promising natural nematicide.Keywords:Seseli maireiH. Wolff;Bursaphelenchus xylophilus;falcarinol
研究领域:
植物化学
·
植物保护
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Sustainable Materials and Technologies
·
2022
·
IF 10.681
Gehui Wang,Xiaoyu Xu,Qingqing Cheng,Jiamin Hu,Xueying Xu,Yiwu Zhang,Sen Guo,Yingchao Ji,Chenggang Zhou,Feng Gao,Long Yang,Yanxue Liu,Shuyan Yin,Chenyu Su
Monochamus alternatus is an important stem-borer that endangers economic and ecological forest, and also the main vector of pine wilt disease, a significant forest quarantine disease, which caused seriously losses for economic and ecological services. At present, M. alternatus mainly focuses on chemical control, among which Avermectin (AVM) is widely used as a high-performance spectrum insecticide. However, there are some problems, such as short duration, and environmental pressure caused by excessive use, which limit its application in pest control. In this paper, a drug delivery system based on dendritic mesoporous silica (DMSNs) was constructed to deliver biological pesticide AVM, so as to develop a new type of nano-pesticide, which could effectively control the stem borer M. alternatus and control Bursaphelenchus xylophilus . The [email protected] NPs composite was prepared by simple physical adsorption, and the loading rate was 85.73%, which significantly improved the utilization rate of AVM. The local application of AVM optimized by DMSNs showed that the contact toxicity (LC 50 = 14.27 μg/mL) and stomach toxicity (LC 50 = 10.90 μg/mL) of M. alternatus larvae were higher than those of AVM/EC and AVM treatment, which was based on the good permeability and adhesion of DMSNs. At the same time, DMSNs had better degradation ability in the natural environment: in PBS buffer solutions with different pH values, DMSNs completely degraded in 28 days. In addition, [email protected] NPs has a good absorption and transmission effect in trees, which indicates that nanoparticle-mediated pesticide delivery system will be a significant progress in the control of forest and fruit pests.
研究领域:
林业
·
害虫管理
·
纳米技术
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2013
·Vol. 8
·期 8
·e71676
·
IF 3.73
Feng Lin,Jianling Ye,Huaguang Wang,Aijun Zhang,Boguang Zhao
Background
A nematophagous fungus, Esteya vermicola , is recorded as the first endoparasitic fungus of pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus , in last century. E. vermicola exhibited high infectivity toward PWN in the laboratory conditions and conidia spraying of this fungus on Japanese red pine, Pinus densiflora , seedlings in the field protected the pine trees from pine wilt disease to some extent, indicating that it is a potential bio-control agent against PWN. Previous research had demonstrated that the living fungal mycelia of E. vermicola continuously produced certain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which were responsible for the PWN attraction. However, identity of these VOCs remains unknown.
Methodology/Principal Findings
In this study, we report the identification of α-pinene, β-pinene, and camphor produced by living mycelia of E. vermicola , the same volatile compounds emitted from PWN host pine tree, as the major VOCs for PWN attraction using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, we also confirmed the host deception behavior of E. vermicola to PWN by using synthetic VOCs in a straightforward laboratory bioassay.
Conclusions/Significance
This research result has demonstrated that the endoparasitic nematophagous fungus, E. vermicola , mimics the scent of PWN host pine tree to entice PWN for the nutrient. The identification of the attractive VOCs emitted from the fungus E. vermicola is of significance in better understanding parasitic mechanism of the fungus and the co-evolution in the two organisms and will aid management of the pine wilt disease.
研究领域:
生物学
·
生态学
·
真菌学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Microorganisms
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·434
·
IF 4.2
Lanwen Zhang,Yongxia Li,Xiaojian Wen,Xuan Wang,Wei Zhang,Dongzhen Li,Yuqian Feng,Zhenkai Liu,Xingyao Zhang
Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), is one of the most serious threats to pine forests worldwide. The fungusEsteya vermicola, with its lunate conidia capable of parasitizing the PWN, has shown promise as an efficient biological control agent against PWD. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is preferred for large-scale applications in the field, as it facilitates microbial agent transport and ensures a long shelf life. However, research on enhancing the yield of lunate conidia fromE. vermicolathrough SSF is limited. In this study, we initially achieved a yield of 3.04 × 108conidia/g using a basic SSF medium composed of wheat bran, corn flour, and soybean flour. To improve this yield, we employed an orthogonal experimental design (OED) to identify the optimal medium composition, which required a wheat bran-to-corn flour-to soybean flour ratio of 7:2:1 (w/w/w), a substrate-to-water ratio of 1:0.7 (w/v), and the addition of 1.33% (w/w) glucose, 1.33% (w/w) yeast extract fermentation, and 1.33% (w/w) MgSO4. Using the response surface methodology (RSM), we calculated the optimal fermentation conditions, which were 24.9 °C, 78.0% relative humidity (RH), an inoculation volume of 16.3% (v/w), and a fermentation time of 7.1 days. Under these conditions, the yield of lunate conidia reached a maximum of 16.58 × 108conidia/g, a 4.45-fold increase after optimization. This study improved the yield ofE. vermicolalunate conidia and provides insights for developing biopesticides based on this strain.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
微生物学
·
林业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 78
·期 8
·3704-3716
·
IF 4.462
Hongyi Shang,Hongyan Zhang,Rui Zhao,Meng Yu,Yingjian Ma,Zhe Sun,Xuemin Wu,Yong Xu
BACKGROUND Research on selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in chemical defense and chemotherapy of plants has developed rapidly owing to their high microbial toxicity, environmental safety, and degradability. Pine wilt disease (PWD) threatens pine forests worldwide; however, it is difficult to kill the nematodes ( Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ) inside the tree that cause PWD using traditional pesticide formulations. SeNPs could be the key to controlling PWD. RESULTS In this study, approximately 50 nm SeNPs were prepared using a simple and green method, and chitosan was used to increase their biocompatibility and stability. The preparation and characterization results showed that the prepared SeNPs coated with chitosan (SeNPs@CS) were spherical and evenly dispersed. The bioassay results showed that SeNPs@CS had an LC 50 of 15.627 mg L −1 against B. xylophilus . In addition, the killing mechanism of SeNPs@CS against B. xylophilus was studied. Confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that B. xylophilus were killed by reactive oxygen species, and the penetration of nano-form materials to B. xylophilus was higher than that of non-nano-form materials. To verify the effective penetration of SeNPs in pine tissues, Cy5-labeled SeNPs@CS was observed inside pine needles and branches using frozen sections and confocal microscopy. In addition, the cytotoxicity of SeO 2 and SeNPs@CS was tested, and the results showed that the cytotoxicity of SeNPs@CS to MC3T3-E1 cells was reduced. CONCLUSION These results show that SeNPs are expected to be used as a new strategy for the control of PWD with oxidative damage and high penetration to B. xylophilus and effective target penetration and biosafety. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
环境科学
·
纳米生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Genes
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 11
·1956
·
IF 4.141
Jie Chen,Xin Hao,Ruina Tan,Yang Li,Bowen Wang,Jialiang Pan,Wei Ma,Ling Ma
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(PWN) causes pine wilt disease (PWD), which is one of the most devastating pine diseases worldwide. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) catalyzes the biosynthetic metabolism of terpenoids and plays an important role in the modification of secondary metabolites in all living organisms. We investigated the molecular characteristics and biological functions ofBx-cyp29A3inB. xylophilus. The bioinformatics analysis results indicated thatBx-cyp29A3has a transmembrane domain and could dock with L(−)-carvone. The gene expression pattern indicated thatBx-cyp29A3was expressed in 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/mL L(−)-carvone solutions. TheBx-cyp29A3expression increased in a dose-dependent manner and peaked at 24 h of exposure when the L(−)-carvone solution concentration was 0.8 mg/mL. However, the gene expression peaked at 0.6 mg/mL after 36 h. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) indicated thatBx-cyp29A3played an essential role in the response to L(−)-carvone. The mortality rates of theBx-cyp29A3knockdown groups were higher than those of the control groups in the 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/mL carvone solutions after 24 h of exposure or 36 h of exposure. In summary, bioinformatics provided the structural characteristics and conserved sequence properties ofBx-cyp29A3and its encoded protein, which provided a target gene for the study of the P450 family ofB. xylophilus. Gene silencing experiments clarified the function ofBx-cyp29A3in the immune defense ofB. xylophilus.This study provides a basis for the screening of new molecular targets for the prevention and management ofB. xylophilus.Keywords:cytochrome P450;L(−)-carvone;Bursaphelenchus xylophilus;RNAi
研究领域:
分子生物学
·
植物病理学
·
线虫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Nano
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·363-372
·
IF 7.3
Long Chen,Jiamin Hu,Haiwei Pang,Shuyan Yin,Huixiang Liu,Yehan Tian,Shangkun Gao,Chenggang Zhou,Puxia Wu,Shuo Miao,Yingchao Ji,Chaoqiong Liang,Yanxue Liu
Pine wilt disease (PWD) is an infestation caused by pine wood nematodes (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), and has caused significant disruption to forest ecosystems worldwide. Trunk injection is effective in controlling PWD, but the long-term use of abamectin (AVM) and other drugs in large quantities has caused resistance problems, and the annual trunk injections have caused some damage to the trunks themselves. In order to reduce drug resistance and damage to the tree trunks, in this study, dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) were prepared by using a “one-pot” method, which is the easiest to industrialise, and AVM@DMSNs nano-pesticides with a uniform particle size, high loading efficiency (80.2%) and sustained release were prepared by physical adsorption. And cellular uptake and toxicity experiments were carried out on sf9 cells, and the results showed that the nano DMSNs could be enriched on sf9 cells and had good inhibition of cellular activity. The lethality of the nano-pesticides AVM@DMSNs and AVM on PWN was investigated using the insect dip method. The results showed that the corrected mortality rate of AVM@DMSNs was significantly higher than that of free AVM within 72 h. In addition, AVM@DMSNs compounded with a plant essential oil bark penetrant could be applied locally outside the bark and penetrate the drug into the tree to achieve the purpose of injury-free drug delivery, which could effectively reduce the damage of perforation injection on the tree and provide a new way for the control of forest pests.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
森林生态学
·
纳米生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Buyong Wang,Rongrong Wen,Xuenan Mao,Jie Chen,Xin Hao
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a pathogenic nematode responsible for pine wilt disease, which can cause the demise of pine trees and discoloration of trunks. As rotenone is an important botanical pesticide, its impact on B. xylophilus was investigated through RNA-seq to understand the response mechanism of nematode. The bioassay results yielded the 12-h LC 30 (1.35 mg L −1 ) and LC 50 (2.60 mg L −1 ) values for rotenone. Differential gene expression analysis identified 172 and 614 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in B. xylophilus exposed to two different concentrations of rotenone (1.35 and 2.60 mg L −1 ). To validate these findings, the expression patterns of 10 DEGs were confirmed through RT-qPCR. Additionally, all DEGs were categorized into eight gene expression profiles using STEM. Notably, the gene ontology (GO) processes of "single-organism process," "metabolic process," and "catalytic activity" were prominently enriched in rotenone-treated samples, suggesting a role for metabolic and catalytic pathways in the nematode's response to rotenone stress. KEGG pathways related to "carbon metabolism," "drug metabolism-cytochrome P450," and "metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450" were similarly enriched, indicating potential mechanisms for detoxification resistance and oxidative stress resistance. The analysis pointed to the pivotal roles of detoxification- and oxidoreduction-related genes, as well as signal transduction-related genes, in enabling B. xylophilus to adapt to rotenone exposure. These insights could markedly enhance our understanding of nematode resistance mechanisms and potentially inform the development of more effective rotenone-based strategies for controlling B. xylophilus .
研究领域:
植物保护
·
分子生物学
·
农药科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Fei Teng,Zhaogui Wang,Mingyu Xue,Hui Li,Quanmin Wen,Peng Xu,Dejun Hao
Pine wilt disease is caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus invasion and has a great impact on global pine resources. Injection of emamectin benzoate (EB) into pine trunks is an effective way to control B. xylophilus. However, EB has limited aqueous solubility, easily photodissociates, and its long-term use causes resistance problems. In this study, the metal–organic framework material ZIF-8 was prepared, and EB was loaded onto ZIF-8 through physical adsorption, resulting in a pH-responsive EB@ZIF-8 nanopesticide with a high drug loading rate (36.04%). Simulated release experiments of EB@ZIF-8 under different pH conditions showed a cumulative release of 64.43% within 10 h at pH 5.0, which increased as the pH decreased, compared to conditions at pH 7.0 and 9.0. EB@ZIF-8 showed positive insecticidal activity in a laboratory biological test (LC50 = 52.503 mg/L). In addition, 7 days after trunk injection in Pinus massoniana, EB residuals were detected in all parts of the branches, with the lowest residue level being 73.39 mg/kg. The proportion of the EB residue in the lower, middle, and upper branches of P. massoniana gradually increased, reaching 43.92% at 28 days after trunk injection, indicating that EB was distributed evenly in the tree. Therefore, EB@ZIF-8 had good morphology, structure, and pH-responsive release performance. EB@ZIF-8 also exhibited a high nematocidal ability due to its smaller particle size and rapid transport in P. massoniana. This study provides a new approach for the development of highly effective EB preparations, improvement of pesticide utilization, and B. xylophilus control.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
材料科学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Forests
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·244
·
IF 2.4
Quanmin Wen,Ruixu Chen,Tian Xu,Dejun Hao
Conifers have evolved sophisticated terpenoid defenses for protection against herbivores and pathogens.Pinus massonianaLamb. is the most widely distributed pioneer afforestation and resin tree species in China, but is seriously harmed by pine wilt disease.Monochamus alternatusis the main vector of pine wilt disease in China. Monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes, the main secondary defensive compounds ofP. massoniana, are catalyzed by different terpene synthases (TPSs), which participate in the important defense pathways against external biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we aimed to identify the terpene synthases (TPSs) inP. massoniana,responding to the feeding ofM. alternatus, and to characterize the functions and products of the mono-TPSs. We identified six differentially expressed TPS genes in theP. massonianafed upon byM. alternatus, including four mono-TPS and two sesqui-TPS genes. The functions of the four mono-TPSs were verified by analysis of the main product and by-products of these mono-TPSs. (+)-α-Pinene, (−)-α-pinene, and limonene were the major products of TPS (+)-α-pinene, TPS (−)-α-pinene, and TPS limonene, respectively, but TPS (−)-β-pinene only catalyzed a trace amount of (−)-β-pinene in the products. Our findings shed light on the potential relationships between the structure of terpene synthases and their corresponding products.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子生物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOREST PATHOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 49
·期 2
·e12467
·
IF 1.434
Buyong Wang,Rongrong Wen,Ling Ma,Yan Ma,T. Hua Zhou
The Forkhead box O transcription factor DAF-16 is an important downstream transcription factor in the well-conserved insulin signalling (IIS) pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans . The nuclear localization of DAF-16 can activate a series of genes that mediate oxidative stress, heat shock, xenobiotic responses, innate immunity, metabolism and autophagy. In this study, a Bxdaf-16-2b gene encoding 510 amino acids was cloned from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus . Sequence analysis showed that the BxDAF-16-2b protein shared the highest similarity value (92%) with the DAF16-2 (accession no. ADD84716.1 ) of B. xylophilus . Using in situ hybridization, Bxdaf-16-2b was shown to be constitutively expressed in the circum-pharyngeal nerve rings and intestines of males, and in the head neurons and the ovaries of females. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the highest gene expression was found in females, followed by juveniles, males and eggs. Bxdaf-16-2b expression was up-regulated after treatment with the botanical pesticides rotenone and matrine. RNA interference showed that the expression of Bxdaf-16-2b gene was reduced by dsRNA, and the silencing of Bxdaf-16-2b suppressed the expression of several IIS pathway genes. Bursaphelenchus xylophilus showed increased mortality at sublethal doses of rotenone and matrine when subjected to Bxdaf-16-2b gene silencing. Thus, Bxdaf-16-2b may participate in the stress response of B. xylophilus and play important roles in the immune system. This study paves the way towards design of new drug targets for non-polluting control of nematodes.
研究领域:
分子生物学
·
遗传学
·
植物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Rui Zhao,Zheng Zhang,Meng Yu,Rui Gao,Zhe Sun,Shou-he Pan,Ying-jian Ma,Yong Xu,Xue-min Wu
Pine wilt disease (PWD) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting global forest ecosystems, and Monochamus alternatus (MA) is the main insect vector of pine wood nematodes. Effective control methods that cover the entire emergence period of vector insects are urgently required. Improving the rainfastness of agrochemicals on leaves can extend the holding period. Thus, a new environmentally friendly castor oil-based polyurethane nanoemulsion (CWPU-NE) was developed to enhance the rainfastness of clothianidin. CWPU adsorbs on the surface of clothianidin particles through electrostatic and intermolecular hydrogen bonding and attaches to the surface of leaves through hydrogen bonding and film formation. The results showed that clothianidin was still effective against MA 60 d after application. The developed CWPU-NE functioned as an efficient rainfastness adjuvant that enhanced the rainfastness, retention, protection, and sustained release behavior of clothianidin. Thus, it has great potential for PWD control and wider agricultural applications.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
森林生态学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）