Animal Nutrition
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Li Dong,Yangshu Zhou,Mengxuan Wang,Qingqing Yuan,Guangzhi Qiu,Jun Liu,Hongrong Wang,Aimin Wu,Lihuai Yu,Daiwen Chen
This study aims to elucidate intestinal injury from the perspective of intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis and to explore the modulatory roles of terpine-4-ol (a major bioactive component of tea tree oil). Forty 28-day-old piglets (7.82 ± 0.43 kg) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 pigs per group. Piglets in the control (CON) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) groups were fed a basal diet, while those in the remaining 3 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 30 (LTP), 60 (MTP), or 90 mg/kg terpine-4-ol (HTP), respectively. Piglets in the LPS and terpine-4-ol supplementation groups were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μg/kg BW of LPS at the end of the 21-day growth period. Six hours after injection, 6 piglets from each group were randomly selected and slaughtered to detect intestinal cell homeostasis. The results showed that the average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets in MTP and HTP groups were higher than those in the CON group ( P < 0.05), whereas the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of piglets in LTP group were lower as compared to the CON group ( P < 0.05). Terpine-4-ol supplementation also decreased the diarrhea rate of piglets. Lipopolysaccharide challenge decreased the villus length and the ratio of villus length to crypt depth (V/C) in the jejunum ( P < 0.05), decreased the V/C ratio and increased the crypt depth in the ileum ( P < 0.05). In contrast, terpine-4-ol supplementation led to increased villus length and V/C ratio in the jejunum, raised the V/C ratio in the HTP group, and decreased crypt depth in the LTP and MTP groups in the ileum ( P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide reduced the number of Ki67 + cells and increased the number of caspase 3 + cells ( P < 0.05) in both the jejunum and ileum, whereas terpine-4-ol increased the number of Ki67 + cells in the crypts of the jejunum and ileum, while decreasing the number of caspase 3 + cells of the the ileum and in the jejunum of MTP and HTP groups ( P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide down-regulated the expression of the intestinal stem cell marker leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) ( P < 0.05, execpt for Lgr5 gene in the jejunum), while terpine-4-ol supplementation alleviated the effect. Lipopolysaccharide decreased the number of goblet cells and mucin 2 (Muc2) secretion ( P < 0.05), whereas the number of goblet cells and Muc2 secretion in the small intestine of MTP group was increased ( P < 0.05). In addition, LPS injection led to a reduction in the expression of endocrine cell marker chromogranin A and absorption cell marker villin ( P < 0.05). Conversely, terpine-4-ol increased the abundance of endocrine cells and absorption cells in the small intestine ( P <0.05). Moreover, LPS inhibited the expression of genes and proteins of wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathway ( P < 0.05), whereas terpine-4-ol reversed this effect. In conclusion, terpine-4-ol supplementation improved growth performance, decreased diarrhea in piglets and alleviated the damage to the intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis under LPS challenge, probably via Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. A dose of 60 mg terpine-4-ol per kilogram diet was recommended based on the present study.
研究领域:
畜牧学
·
兽医学
·
分子生物学
·
药理学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 3.757
Rui-Feng Mei,Ya-Xian Shi,Jun-Li Gan,Si-Ping Deng,Hao Ding,Le Cai,Zhong-Tao Ding
Alternaria alternata is a critical plant pathogen, and the black spot caused by this fungus is the main cause of crop loss. In this study, four monoterpenes commonly found in plant essential oils, β -lonone, citral, γ -terpinene and myrcene, were found to possess a two-way interaction relationship with A. alternata . Four monoterpenes exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against A. alternata with MIC values of 128, 256, 512 and 256 μg/mL, respectively. However, when the concentration of monoterpenes in the culture medium was reduced to 1/4 MIC, A. alternata could facilitate the biotransformation of the aforementioned four monoterpenes by hydroxylation, dihydroxylation or carboxylation. These biotransformations were verified to be promoted by the P450 enzyme. Considering that none of the converted products showed inhibitory activity against A. alternata , these transformations were hypothesized to be self-protective mechanism of A. alternata . Expectedly, the combined use of P450 enzyme inhibitors and monoterpenes exhibited stronger antifungal activities, and could significantly inhibited black spot development in tomatoes. This work provides a reference for the development of effective antifungal agents.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
真菌学
·
植物化学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2025
·Vol. 26
·期 16
·7702
·
IF 4.9
Xinyue Jiang,Liang Fei,Yayun Yang,Jiao Han,Zhaoxin Tang,Jianzhao Liao,Lianmei Hu,Ying Li,Jiaqiang Pan
Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS), a metabolic disorder causing economic losses in broilers, arises from hypoxia-induced portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, triggering mitochondrial oxidative damage, excessive ROS production, and altered mitochondrial biogenesis. This study explored terpinen-4-ol (T4O), known for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, in mitigating PHS. Broilers were divided into four groups, including PHS-affected birds with/without T4O supplementation. Analyses revealed that PHS birds exhibited reduced antioxidant capacity, elevated MDA and ROS levels, increased mitochondrial numbers, and upregulated expression of oxidative stress markers (Keap1, HO-1, Nrf-2) and mitochondrial biogenesis regulators (PGC-1α, Nrf-1, Tfam). T4O administration enhanced antioxidant activity, reduced ROS and MDA, suppressed compensatory mitochondrial proliferation, and downregulated Keap1/Nrf-2 and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways. These effects suggest that T4O alleviates hypoxia-driven oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in broilers. Findings highlight T4O’s potential as a therapeutic agent to mitigate PHS-related losses in poultry production.
研究领域:
兽医学
·
动物营养
·
分子生物学
·
家禽科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2022
·
IF 6.449
Shenglan Liao,Gang Yang,Shan Huang,Bin Li,Aijun Li,Jianquan Kan
Malassezia restricta is associated with many human diseases. Currently, the limited number of antifungal drugs and the rising resistance of M. restricta have prompted research into safer, and more effective antifungal alternatives. In this study, we aimed to investigate Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold & Zucc. essential oil (ZSEO) with respect to its chemical composition, antifungal activity, and potential modes of action against M. restricta . Linalool (34.15%), limonene (21.24%), and sabinene (10.39%) were identified to be the predominant components of ZSEO. Moreover, ZSEO showed antifungal activity against M. restricta , with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration values of 2.5 and 10.0 mg/mL, respectively. Further, cell membrane damage assays showed that interactions between ZSEO and cell membrane resulted in increased Zeta potential and cell membrane depolarization. Moreover, ZSEO induced lipid disorder in cell membrane, resulting in increased cell membrane fluidity . Moreover, oxidative stress experiments revealed that ZSEO could inhibit cell metabolism activity, and disrupt the homeostasis of reactive oxygens species. Finally, electron microscopy analyses confirmed the morphological and ultrastructural changes of M. restricta cells. These findings support ZSEO as a potential antifungal agent to control M. restricta and prevent related diseases.
研究领域:
药理学
·
微生物学
·
植物科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2022
·
IF 6.627
Zhang Jianyun,Zhao Ziyi,Liang Wenyu,Bi Jingyi,Zheng Yuguang,Gu Xian,Fang Huiyong
Sabina chinensis is a woody plant with important ecological functions in different regions of China, but its essential oils (EO) against plant pathogenic fungi remain largely undetermined. The purpose of our study was to assess the chemical composition and antifungal activity of S. chinensis EO based on optimization of the extraction process. In this study, an actionable and effective model with the experimental results and identified optimum conditions (crushing degree of 20 mesh, liquid–solid ratio of 10.1:1, immersion time of 9.1 h) was established successfully to achieve an extraction yield of 0.54%, which was basically consistent with the theoretical value. A total of 26 compounds were identified using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and showed that the major constituent was β-phellandrene (26.64-39.26%), followed by terpinen-4-ol (6.53-11.89%), bornyl acetate (6.13-10.53%), etc. For Petri plate assays, our experiments found for the first time that S. chinensis EO revealed high and long-term antifungal activity against the tested strains, including Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium incarnatum, at EC50 values of 1.42 and 1.15 µL/mL, which especially reached approximately 76% and 90% growth inhibition at a dose of 0.2 µL/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of EO from different harvest periods showed remarkable variation. The orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) method revealed 11 metabolites with chemical marker components, and 5 of its potential antifungal activities, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, α-elemol, γ-eudesmol, and bornyl acetate, were strongly correlated with the mycelial inhibition rate. In total, this study explored the antifungal activity of EO against root rot fungus as a potential fungicide and provided valuable information into developing potential products from natural agents.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
植物病理学
·
天然产物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Processes
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 3
·498
·
IF 2.8
Xiaoming Zeng,Hao He,Liejiang Yuan,Haizhi Wu,Cong Zhou
A combined dispersed liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and chromatography (GC) method was developed for the determination of 24 aromatic substances in rosemary hydrosol in this work. The pretreatment method of DLLME was optimized by carefully selecting the appropriate extraction agents, dispersants, and their respective amounts. With carbon tetrachloride as the extractant and acetone as the dispersant, the enrichment factor of DLLME is 13.3, and the 24 target substances such as eucalyptol, camphor and verbenone can be separated within 31 min and quantified by an external standard method using gas chromatography (GC). The correlation coefficient r2of the linear regression equation is within the range of 0.9983 to 0.9991. The detection limit of the method was 0.02 mg/L, the recovery rate of the spiked solution was 76.4–118.4%, the relative standard deviation was 0.4–6.9% and the method was used to detect the semi-finished products of rosemary hydrosol and the finished rosemary hydrosol sold on the market. This method also provides a reference for the qualitative and quantitative determination of aromatic substances in other hydrosols.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
·
植物化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2022
·
IF 6.449
Jiahao Li,Xiaowen Tang,Baizhong Chen,Wende Zheng,Zhenping Yan,Zhen Zhang,Jinxuan Li,Kaize Su,Song Ang,Rihui Wu,Kun Zhang,Chen Li,Wen-Hua Chen,Panpan Wu
Mosquitoes are well-known vectors of malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow fever, Zika and many other diseases, and have become a great threat to public health. Nowadays, chemical insecticides are widely used for the control of mosquitoes. However, their widespread use has created some serious problems, such as insecticide resistance , environmental pollution, and toxicity to human beings. With the objectives to develop novel botanical and eco-friendly insecticides for mosquitoes, in this study we examined the chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) from different aging years of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR, Guangchenpi in Chinese), and investigated their anti-mosquito activity in details. As a result, 39, 44, 48, and 40 main components were identified from the 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year PCR EOs, respectively. For each PCR EO, D-limonene (47.90–56.39%) and γ -terpinene (14.98–17.03%) were the major components. These PCR EOs showed potent larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus ( A. albopictus ) larvae (LC 50 = 54.50–68.23 ppm ppm), and some of the major components were also very active, including D-limonene (LC 50 = 56.17 ppm), γ -terpinene (LC 50 = 64.28 ppm), β -myrcene (LC 50 = 54.51 ppm) and terpinolene (LC 50 = 57.69 ppm). These PCR EOs exhibited similar larvicidal activity, and their insecticidal activity may be attributed to the major constituents such as D-limonene, γ -terpinene and terpinolene. In addition, thymol was found more effective against A. albopictus adults (LC 50 = 96.82 ppm) than the other components, such as methyl 2-(methylamino) benzoate (LC 50 = 382.10 ppm) and α -terpineol (LC 50 = 507.54 ppm), and this compound could be one of the active components responsible for the adulticidal activity. Enzyme inhibition assays suggested that the activity of acetylcholinesterase , mixed function oxidase and esterase were significantly inhibited, which may result in the mortality of A. albopictus larvae. The present findings clearly demonstrated that naturally-occurring PCR EOs and the functional components display potent insecticidal activity against A. albopictus larvae and adults, and therefore, strongly suggest that PCR EOs and the main components are exploitable as botanical insecticides for the control of mosquitoes.
研究领域:
植物学
·
昆虫学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Fei Shen,Tingyu Wang,Renjie Zhang,Bin Zhong,Zhenqiang Wu
A co-fermentation strategy was explored to rapidly improve the characteristic components and quality of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR) using Monascus anka and Saccharomyces cerevisiae , and the enzymatic mechanism was investigated. The results showed that the free flavonoid content of fermented PCR was 48.12% higher than that of unfermented PCR after 12 days of co-fermentation, resulting in stronger antioxidant activity. d -Limonene, γ-terpinene, proline (Pro), arginine (Arg), and serine (Ser) contributed the most to the flavors of citrus, herb, and sweet citrus based on odor and taste activity value analysis. Metabolomics and multivariate statistics showed that 55 components were differentially metabolized during co-fermentation, and ten metabolic pathways were closely related to metabolism. Furthermore, five hydrolases participated in the release and conversion of the active ingredients. This study provides an effective processing method for PCR and is conducive to the development of new PCR functional health foods.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 96
·期 3
·961-971
·
IF 5.742
Li Yuling,Wu Weifeng,Jian Rongchao,Ren Xiaofei,Chen Xiaole,Hong Weiqian David,Wu Min,Cai Jinglin,Lao Canyao,Xu Ximing,Sheng Zhaojun
The potential for essential oils (EOs) to act as a natural alternative for controlling mosquito populations has aroused extensive interest in recent years. Four EOs ( Thymus vulgaris (thyme), Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Citrus medica (lime), and Camellia sinensis (green tea)) were selected in our previous larvicidal screening assays against Aedes albopictus . In this study, the active constituents of each EO were identified. Next, their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity was evaluated, and the binding mode was studied by molecular docking. To improve EO stability and duration of activity, nanoemulsions were prepared and characterized. Thirteen constituents of the four EOs at the 100 ppm level led to 100% mortality of the larvae, the four most active constituents being α -hexyl cinnamaldehyde (LC 50 = 24.0 ± 0.3 ppm), limonene (LC 50 = 34.1 ± 0.7 ppm), α -terpinene (LC 50 = 50.0 ± 0.5 ppm), and carvacrol (LC 50 = 54.7 ± 0.6 ppm). These compounds, with the exception of α -hexyl cinnamaldehyde, also showed potent AChE inhibitory activity. Nanoemulsions with droplet size of 56.8–224.9 nm were prepared by emulsification at a 1:1 (v/v) ratio of EO and Tween 80. These EO nanoemulsions showed equally potent larvicidal activity as EOs themselves; moreover, they showed better stability and were active for longer time. These results suggest that natural EOs and their constituents have potential as larvicides for mosquito vector control and that nanoemulsification is an effective method for improving their physicochemical properties and efficacy.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
药理学
·
纳米技术
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2021
·
IF 6.165
Fulin Li,Cheng Peng,Ke Yuan,Qiwei Xu,Hang Song
Terpinen-4-ol in natural Tea tree oil (TTO) plays an important role in physiological activities. Selectively removing of 1,8-cineole and the monoterpenes such as γ-terpinene from TTO is necessary for TTO comfort and safety. In this study, the density functional theory (DFT) was employed to estimate the interaction energies between ILs and terpinen-4-ol for preliminarily screening ionic liquid type of extraction agents. It was found hexalkylguanidinium ionic liquids (ILs) [diBTMG]Br exhibited good extraction distribution coefficient of terpinen-4-ol (2.54) and higher extraction selectivity of terpinen-4-ol (6.9 to 1,8-cineole and 9 to γ-terpinene, respectively). The single extraction yield of terpinen-4-ol by the IL could reach to 90%. After the extraction, subsequent twice extractions with n-hexane and water can realize satisfactorily recovery and reuse of all extraction agents. The deterpenation of TTO has advantages of lower energy consumption, safety, environmentally friendly and less cost. It would provide an alternative strategy for the practical deterpenation production of essential oil with ionic liquids.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
药学
·
环境科学
·
有机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2020
·
IF 6.551
Pengcheng Zhao,Yingmu Wang,Wei Huang,Lei He,Ziyuan Lin,Jian Zhou,Qiang He
Bioherbicide terpinolene is widely employed in the agricultural field because of its unique phytotoxic properties. However, little is known about the toxicity of bioherbicide on harmful algal blooms (HABs) and its mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, the inhibiting effect of bioherbicide terpinolene on the growth and physiological change of Microcystis aeruginosa was determined. Results showed that the cell density and photosynthetic activity of microalgae were significantly inhibited by terpinolene. Activities of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) were decreased separately by 25.38% and 42.75% after 4 d of exposure to 1.47 mM terpinolene, suggesting the inhibiting effect of terpinolene on algal nitrogen metabolism. However, the transcript abundance of genes related to membrane protein cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX II) and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporter) were enhanced separately by 3.15 and 1.69-fold compared with control, suggesting the resistance response of cells to terpinolene stress. Additionally, terpinolene not only increased the content of endogenous phytohormones including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin, and brassinolide, but also inhibited the expression of genes related to calcium-binding protein (CaBPs), one kind of calcium (Ca 2+ ) sensors, suggesting its regulation on algal signal molecules. These findings helped to understand the ecotoxicity of terpinolene and guide the rational use of bioherbicide in agriculture.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水生毒理学
·
生物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Jie Yu,Hui Yang,Haijun Ji,Xin Zhang,Rui Wang,Shuainan Zhao,Runguo Wang,Liqun Zhang
Most rubber products come from petrochemical resources, which are increasingly in short supply. Rubber products that formed irreversible chemical bonds in the vulcanization process are difficult to recycle, resulting in a serious waste of resources. Therefore, it is important to prepare a kind of reprocessable biobased elastomers. Using furfuryl methacrylate (FMA) as the modified monomer, poly(dibutyl itaconate-myrcene-furfuryl methacrylate) (PDBIMFA) was synthesized by high-temperature emulsion polymerization successfully. The structure and compositions of PDBIMFA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR, and the effects of different FMA contents on the structures and properties of PDBIMFA were systematically studied. Based on the Diels–Alder reaction, bismaleimide (BMI) and carbon black (CB) were introduced into PDBIMFA as cross-linking agents and reinforcing fillers, respectively, by the melt blending method, and PDBIMFA-BMI elastomer materials and CB/PDBIMFA-BMI elastomer composites with thermo-reversible cross-linking characteristics were prepared. The effects of the ratio of FMA and BMI on the mechanical properties of PDBIMFA-BMI were studied. PDBIMFA-BMI and CB/PDBIMFA-BMI were reprocessed twice, and the recovery rate of tensile strength was both more than 90%. The addition of CB was found to play a reinforcing role in the elastomer and with the introduction of the amount of CB, the reprocessability of composite remained at a good level. It is hoped that this research will provide a new strategy for the sustainable development of bio-based elastomer materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
环境科学
·
可持续材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）