PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.2
Yanting He,Hua Wang,Weimin Ma,Chengyu Gao,Runze Tian,Xiaozhou Su,Hao Feng,Lili Huang
Apple Valsa canker (AVC), primarily caused by the pathogenic fungus Valsa mali , is a devastating disease of apple. The development and application of high efficiency and low toxicity fungicides are of great significance for disease control. Natural active substances serve as a vital foundation for the development of novel green fungicides. In previous studies, the endophytic fungus Aa-Lcht was confirmed to contain specific inhibitory effect against V. mali . This study confirmed that Aa-Lcht fermentation broth (FB)’s suppression of V. mali growth and conidial germination, exhibiting AVC prevention. Through extraction, isolation, and purification, one active substance with high inhibitory effect on V. mali was obtained and identified as altenusin. Its concentration value for 50 % of maximal effect (EC 50 values) against V. mali mycelium growth was 3.118 μg/mL. Before V. mali infection, the lesion length of apple twigs and lesion area of fruits pretreated with altenusin decreased by 47.27 % and 80.52 %, respectively. Further research revealed that the hyphae of V. mali treated with altenusin exhibited irregular thickening of cell walls, severe vacuolation within the cells, and protoplasmic exudation. Meanwhile, transcriptome analysis indicated that altenusin primarily inhibited V. mali by interfering with the normal hyphal cell metabolism, substance degradation, peptidase activity, and proteolysis functions. Additionally, altenusin could also significantly up-regulate the expression of immunity resistance-related genes MdCYP81F2 , MdPR2 , MdPR4 , and MdPR5 in apple. Summarizing the above, the altenusin provides valuable insights for the development of novel green fungicides for controlling AVC disease, contributing to the safe and healthy development of apple production.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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农药科学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.279
Dongguo Xia,Xiang Cheng,Xiaohang Liu,Chengqi Zhang,Yunxiao Wang,Qiaoyun Liu,Qi Zeng,Niqian Huang,Yao Cheng,Xianhai Lv
Inspired by commercially established fluxapyroxad as the lead compound of novel efficient antifungal ingredients, novel pyrazole carboxylate derivatives containing a flexible thiazole backbone were successfully designed, synthesized, and detected for their in vitro and in vivo biological activities against eight agricultural fungi. The antifungal bioassay results showed that compound 24 revealed excellent bioactivities against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, with median effective concentrations (EC50) of 0.40 and 3.54 mg/L, respectively. Compound 15 revealed remarkable antifungal activity against Valsa mali, with an EC50 value of 0.32 mg/L. For in vivo fungicide control against B. cinerea and V. mali, compounds 3 and 24 at 25 mg/L, respectively, displayed prominent efficacy on cherry tomatoes and apple branches. Molecular docking results demonstrated that compound 15 could form an interaction with several crucial residues of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and the in vitro enzyme assay indicated that the target compound 15 displayed an inhibitory effect toward SDH, with an IC50 value of 82.26 μM. The experimental results indicated that phenyl pyrazole carboxylate derivatives displayed a weak antifungal property and low activity compared to the other title substituent pyrazole carboxylate derivatives. Compounds 3, 15, and 24 are promising antifungal candidates worthy of further fungicide development due to their prominent effectiveness.
研究领域:
植物保护学
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药物化学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Antioxidants
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·61
·
IF 7
Zheping Yu,Shuwen Zhang,Li Sun,Senmiao Liang,Xiliang Zheng,Haiying Ren,Xingjiang Qi
Twig blight disease is the primary disease that affects the production ofMyrica rubrain China. It was reported that exogenous brassinolide (BL) can improve disease resistance in plants. Here, we examined the effects of exogenous BL on disease resistance, chlorophyll contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, ROS accumulation, and key gene expression ofM. rubrato analyze the mechanism of BR-induced resistance of twig blight disease inM. rubra. The results demonstrated that 2.0 mg·L−1of BL could significantly lessen the severity of twig blight disease inM. rubra. Exogenous BL increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll. Moreover, exogenous BL also significantly enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in leaves, such as H2O2and O2·−. Additionally, exogenous BL dramatically up-regulated the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes such asMrPR1,MrPR2, andMrPR10, as well as important genes such asMrBAK1,MrBRI1, andMrBZR1involved in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway. The transcriptome analysis revealed that a total of 730 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under BL treatment were found, and these DEGs were primarily enriched in four Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Based on these findings, nine important candidate genes related to the resistance of twig blight disease under BL treatment were further identified. In this study, we elucidated the effects of exogenous BL on enhancing the resistance ofM. rubrato twig blight disease and preliminary analyzed the potential mechanism of resistance induction, which will provide a crucial foundation for the management and prevention of twig blight disease inM. rubra.Keywords:Myrica rubra;exogenous brassinolide;twig blight disease;activity of antioxidant enzymes
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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植物生理学
·
转录组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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