Background
Essential oils may represent an alternative strategy for controlling scabies, a neglected tropical disease caused by the infestation of mite from the species Sarcoptes scabiei . Lemongrass ( Cymbopogen citratus ) oil is reported to possess pharmacological properties including antiparasitc, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential efficacy of lemongrass oil against the mites and eggs of Sarcoptes scabiei .
Methodology/Principal findings
Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the main component presented in lemongrass oil was citral. Lemongrass oil at concentrations of 10% and 5% killed all Sarcoptes mites within 10 and 25 min, respectively. The median lethal concentration value was 1.37%, 1.08%, 0.91%, 0.64%, and 0.48% at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. Lemongrass oil at all concentrations (10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%) was able to significantly decrease the hatching rate of Sarcoptes eggs.
Conclusions/Significance
Lemongrass oil should be considered as a promising miticidal and ovicidal agent for scabies control.
Scabies is a parasitic infestation which affects about 455 million people annually, with a particularly high prevalence in low income tropical regions. The disease is frequently complicated by bacterial infections. Currently available treatments do not meet the ideal profile which includes miticides, ovicidal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory/antipruritic properties. Cymbopogon citratus is a plant widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The essential oil from C . citratus is known as lemongrass oil with reported antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. We conducted experiments to assess the miticidal and ovicidal efficacy of lemongrass oil against Sarcoptes mites collected from naturally infected rabbits in China. The results demonstrated that lemongrass oil can kill the motile stages of Sarcoptes mites effectively and presented a significant ovicidal activity. Considering all these properties, lemongrass oil should be considered a promissing miticide against scabies.
Guo-Feng Mao,Xiao-Chang Mo,Hatem Fouad,Ghulam Abbas,Jian-Chu Mo
Utilisation of Anagrus nilaparvatae is a promising and effective method for planthoppers manipulation. Twenty-seven components of remote lemongrass (Cymbopogon distans) oil were identified by GC/MS and nine volatiles were selected for behavioural experiments. In this study, we noted that the remote lemongrass oil was attractive to female A. nilaparvatae at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mg/L. α-Pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol, carveol and D-carvone attracted female wasps in the dose-dependent bioassays. Blend 1 (a mixture of eucalyptol, D-carvone, carveol, α-pinene, and β-pinene with ratios of remote lemongrass oil volatiles of 625:80:11:5:3) attracted female wasps at 10 mg/L, while blend 2 (a mixture of the same five volatiles at the same loading ratio) attracted them at 0.1 and 1 mg/L. These results suggested that plant essential oils could be attractants for natural enemies to control pests. The ratios of volatiles in the mixtures affect the attractiveness of the synthetic mixtures.
Independence of food supply chain is a grand challenge encountered by the development of bio-based polymers. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of amorphous aliphatic polyesters via organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization of 9-membered lactone monomer, a novel downstream product of non-edible citronella oil. In particular, chemical transformation of trisubstituted alkene moiety owned by this renewable biomass was achieved by cross-metathesis of this bulky group with methyl acrylate . Three-armed star polymers were converted to free-standing films by UV-induced crosslinking. In particular, these crosslinked thin films could be efficiently recycled as ω -hydroxy ester upon methanolysis. This work opens a new avenue for the synthesis and application of terpene- and terpenoid-based polymers.
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