INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 4.326
Xiaohan Li,Yanglong Zhou,Ying Bao,Wei Wei,Xiaoma Fei,Xiaojie Li,Xiaoya Liu
Development of a new packaging material with superior high-temperature stability is becoming increasingly crucial in high-power and high-density electronics industry. In this study, we employed bis(3-ethyl-5-methyl-4-maleimidephenyl)methane (BMI), para-xylene phenolic resin (PF), and triphenylmethane novolac epoxy resin (EP) as matrix resins to develop high-temperature-stable BPE ternary resin molding compounds for power device packaging. BMI was first melt-blended with PF to obtain the premix with a reduced softening point for meeting the requirement of melt-kneading process. 2-Ethyl-4-methylimidazole with a dosage of 2 wt % of the ternary resins, could effectively promote the curing reaction, making the molding process of BPE molding compounds be compatible with that of the existing epoxy molding compounds (EMC). The introduction of BMI component could enhance the chain rigidity and heat resistance of cured resins. When the BMI content was more than 70 wt % of the ternary resins, the cured BPE molding compounds exhibited the glass transition temperature and initial decomposing temperature larger than 250 and 400 °C, respectively, indicating a much superior thermal performance to that of the cured EMC. Moreover, the flexural performance and the adhesion strength with copper at 260 °C, high-temperature aging resistance, dielectric properties, and thermal conductivity of the cured BPE molding compounds were also improved compared with those of the cured EMC. This study provides a promising strategy for preparing heat-resistant electronic packaging molding compounds.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·558
·
IF 4.7
Zhaoyi Sun,Zhiyuan Mei,Zheng Huang,Guorong Wang
In this study, aiming at the problem of low strength and high creep caused by medium–low modulus flexible resin based on the formulation design idea of high-molecular-weight epoxy resin (E12)-reinforced flexible epoxy-terminated urethane resin (EUR), a flexible epoxy prepreg resin with high strength and low bending creep was prepared to be suitable for hot melt processing technology. Flexible EUR was synthesized by grafting flexible polyurethane segments onto the epoxy side chain by urethane bonding. By adjusting the ratio of E12 and EUR, the effects of different ratios of the two components on the mechanical properties and viscoelasticity of the resin were systematically studied with dicyandiamide as the latent curing system. Research has found that when the E12 content is between 20%wt and 40%wt, the resin system has the best coating viscosity at 65 °C to 85 °C. The molecular weight and the content of aromatic heterocyclic groups of the resin determine the strength and creep behavior of the resin. When the content of E12 in the system is less than 50%wt, modulus and strength increase linearly, but after more than 50%wt E12 content, the modulus is almost unchanged and the strength begins to decrease. By increasing the content of E12 in the resin, the creep behavior of the resin is greatly reduced. When the content of E12 increases to 50%wt, the bending creep is the lowest.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Nan Yang,Guoshuai Cai,Yange Wan,Ruoyu Zhang,Jiancun Li,Jingfang Zhang,Haijun Zhang,Hongli Liu,Xiaolei Yu,Mingchao Wang
In order to improve the burn-through resistance and environmental friendliness of epoxy resin-based flame-retardant coatings, high-performance coatings were developed by modifying them with silicone resin and B 4 C. By incorporating B 4 C and silicone resin, the coating's thermal stability was significantly enhanced. By participating in a series of chemical reactions when the coating was exposed to fire, they promoted spontaneous ceramicized and vitrified modification, increased the mass of char residue, improved the surface compactness, optimized the foam structure, and improved the specific surface area of char residue. Compared to blank sample E10S0 and others, E85S15B3 coating co-modified with silicone resin and B 4 C showed the best performance. The backside temperature of E85S15B3 was only 164.34 °C after a 2 h combustion test. The peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), total smoke production (TSP), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), peak CO release rate (PCOPR), and peak CO 2 release rate (PCO 2 PR) of E85S15B3 were all significantly improved, with a decrease of 20.38 %, 40.06 %, 37.67 %, 49.21 %, 64.71 %, 0.03 % compared with that of E10S0 sample. The LOI value was 34.6 %, which was 48.24 % better than that of E10S0. Moreover, the compressive, tensile, and bending strengths of E85S15B3 were measured at 85.6 MPa, 25.6 MPa, and 45.3 MPa, respectively, marking a 22.1 % increase, 11.23 % increase, and 23.19 % increase over those of E10S0. The mechanism of flame-retardant includes cooling insulation, non-flammable gas-phase dilution flame retardancy, condensed phase physical insulation, reinforced-phase flame retardancy, and free radicals capturing to block combustion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
防火材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.518
Lu Xu,Qianyi Tang,Baijun Liu,Mingyao Zhang
Transparent methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (MABS) resin was prepared by blending the matrix resin with rubber toughened particles. The refractive index of matrix resin was characterized, which proved the transmittance of MABS resin improved with decreasing differences in the two-phase refractive index. Controlling the refractive index of the matrix resin was comparable to that of rubber, increasing acrylonitrile (AN) content in the matrix resin to improve toughening efficiency of the rubber particles to the matrix. When the proportion of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PMMA/SAN) was 71.6/28.4 or the initial weight ratio of MMA/St/AN was 78/16.5/5.5, the MABS resin had an optimal transmittance of 90 %. The AN content of the former was 6.5 %, and the impact strength was 155 J/m. The actual AN content of the latter was 12.5 %, and the impact strength was 172 J/m. Additionally, the refractive index of methacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (MSAN) decreased with increasing monomer conversion. When the monomer conversion reached 76.5 %, the change in the composition of MSAN was insignificant as the monomer conversion continued to increase. Moreover, MABS resin had a broad processing temperature window with MSAN copolymer as the matrix resin compared to the blends of PMMA and SAN, which were 170–240 °C and 190–200 °C, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS
·
2023
·
IF 2.5
Yanxiao Chen,Huifen Zhang,Xian Luo,Shiyun Jiao,Baocai Li,Mi Zhang
Crude montan wax (CMW) is a natural wax extracted directly from lignite by organic solvents that can be prepared into deresined montan wax (DMW) by the deresination process and then bleached into refined montan wax (RMW) by an oxidation process. Based on the different requirements for the DMW properties in different applications, a study on effects of the different factors on the deresination rate in CMW and the residual montan resin (MR) content on basic properties of DMW was carried out in this work. It was found that ethyl acetate displays an improved deresination effect, and that time and temperature are the two key factors that affect the CMW deresination rate (ǀ r ǀ > 0.9). With the increase in the residual MR contents in DMWs, the melting point of DMW decreased while its melting range widened, and its friability, acidity and saponification values increased. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that DMWs are rich in fatty esters and acids. It is concluded that the differences in their properties are related to the changes in the amount and content of the acids and esters.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2023
·
IF 6.6
Jialong Zhu,Jieyuan Zheng,Yang Hu,Jiao Wei,Yuanchuan Ma,Haolan Gou,Hong Fan
The demand for high-transparent functional coatings with glass-like hardness, polymer-like flexibility, and anti-smudge properties has increased significantly, especially for foldable touchscreens. However, it is challenging to achieve all the required properties in a coating because the realization of these properties may conflict with each other. In this study, we present a facile method for preparing a special organic-inorganic hybrid coating by utilizing epoxy MTQ silicone resins and amine-terminated hyperbranched polysiloxane (HPSi). The chemical structure of the MTQ resin was fine-tuned to obtain the optimal M/T/Q ratio, and a novel HPSi with rich crosslinking sites and excellent flexibility was prepared as the curing agent. The resulting hybrid network imparted the coating with exceptional hardness (pencil hardness, 7–9H) and excellent flexibility (<2 mm bend diameter). In addition, by modifying the MTQ resin with fluorosilane, the surface energy of the coating was reduced to 14.8 ± 0.4 mJ/m 2 and its anti-smudge and self-cleaning properties were improved without sacrificing the transparency of the coating (99.4 % at 550 nm). Notablely, even after 1000 cycles of steel wool abrasion, these coatings still maintain their outstanding performance. This study provides a promising strategy for the development of hard, flexible, and anti-smudge coatings suitable for foldable displays and other related fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Science-Advanced Materials and Devices
·
2023
·
IF 8
Shaoyun Chen,Lanqin Yu,Shiyu Zhang,Xiaolu Sun,Bo Qu,Rui Wang,Yanyu Zheng,Xiaoying Liu,Wenjie Li,Jianhong Gao,Dongxian Zhuo
With the rapid development of 3D printing technology, products with improved performance are in demand. In this study, photosensitive bismaleimide resin (N,N′-(4,4′-diphenylmethane) bismaleimide–4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane–glycidyl methacrylate; BDM-DDM-GMA) and acrylic liquid-crystal resin (ALCR) were used to obtain new 3D printing BDM/ALCR resins. The resultant 3D-printed products exhibited excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties, and only small amounts of both resins were required to achieve the optimal formulation of a single resin. When 10% of BDM-DDM-GMA and 5% of ALCR were used, their T -5% and T max were 329.2 and 459.1 °C, respectively, T g was 117.4 °C, tensile strength was 81.7 MPa, elongation at break was 14.3%, flexural strength was 134.8 MPa, and impact strength was 5.2 kJ m −2 . The use of BDM-DDM-GMA and ALCR fulfills the expectation that the two components can synergistically enhance the performance of 3D printing resins, the presence of the imide ring increases the overall rigidity at the molecular level, and the mesocrystalline domain formed by the stacking of liquid crystal molecules enhances its resistance when subjected to external forces. After the physical printing tests, all products exhibited good surface properties and excellent interlayer bonding. As a result, BDM/ALCR resins with excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance have great potential for applications in aerospace, automotive parts, and electronic components.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2018
·Vol. 25
·期 18
·18001-18014
·
IF 2.8
Xu Zhengming,Han Dexia,Li Yuan,Zhang Pingling,You Lijun,Zhao Zhengang
In this study, the FPA90-Cl resin was magnetized with supported Fe 3 O 4 particles using a chemical co-precipitation method and its removal performance of bromate and coexisting precursors was explored. The magnetized FPA90-Cl resin was structurally characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. The effects of the initial concentrations, temperature, and resin dosage on bromate and bromide ion removal in drinking water were investigated using batch experiments. The magnetized FPA90-Cl resin exhibited a high removal efficiency for bromate and bromide ions at three initial concentrations, and the residual bromate concentrations were under the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 μg L −1 after 80 min. The adsorption data of bromate and bromide ion could be well described by a pseudo-first-order kinetic model ( R 2 ˃ 0.98). The bromate removal alone was further studied by varying the initial solution pH, temperature, and competitive anions. The results showed that the magnetized FPA90-Cl resin could be used over a wide pH range (4.0–9.0). The maximum sorption capacity of the magnetized FPA90-Cl resin for bromate reached 132.83 mg g −1 at 298 K. The Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models fit the bromate adsorption equilibrium better ( R 2 ˃ 0.99) than the Langmuir isotherm model ( R 2 ˃ 0.98). The thermodynamic analysis showed that the bromate adsorption process was endothermic. The negative ΔG and positive ΔS indicated that the process was spontaneous and that randomness increased after adsorption, respectively. The competition of coexisting anions with bromate was in the order of SO 4 2− > CO 3 2− > Cl − > NO 3 − > HCO 3 − > PO 4 3− . Additionally, the magnetized FPA90-Cl resin could maintain a high bromate and bromide ion adsorption capacity after five cycles of regeneration by a 0.1 M NaCl solution.
Graphical abstract
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
·
2023
·
IF 2.3
Yao Yang,Maoyi Luo,Yang Wu,Ni Yuan,Jingjing He,Hongmei Guo,Quan an
A reliable and stable method was developed to accurately analyze neptunium ( 237 Np) and plutonium isotopes in environmental samples using 242 Pu or 236 Pu as a tracer. Key parameters, including the valence adjustment conditions and the stabilities of Pu and Np in the different resins, were investigated using TK200 and TEVA resin. It was found that Pu and Np could be efficiently extracted simultaneously using TK200 resin under the optimal loading conditions (6–12 M HNO 3 ) with the addition of 0.01–0.12 M NaNO 2 for valence adjustment. These isotopes were subsequently stripped out using a solution containing 0.1 M HCl , 0.05 M HF, and 0.01 M NH 2 OH·HCl. The separation efficiencies of Pu and Np were >93%, and the chemical yield ratio between Np and Pu was maintained steady at an average of 1.00 ± 0.03 (n > 50) under the optimal conditions. The analytical method was validated by analyzing environmental soil samples spiked with known amounts of 239 Pu and 237 Np standard solutions or certified reference materials. The measured values of 237 Np, 239 Pu, and 240 Pu obtained by inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry were consistent with their International Atomic Energy Agency literature values within a 95% confidence interval. These results confirm the reliability and high analytical precision (<6%) of this developed method using Pu as a non-isotopic tracer for monitoring the chemical yield of 237 Np. The developed method can also be used for environmental pollutant monitoring and for tracer studies of the 237 Np and Pu isotopes.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
核化学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
·
2024
·
IF 20.2
Yunyi Liang,Yonghong Luo,Yingji Wu,Xiaona Li,Quyet Van Le,Jianzhang Li,Changlei Xia
The standard epoxy resin curing agents revealed are from unsustainable petroleum-based sources, which produce poisonous exhaust when cured. Amino acids, a bio-based epoxy curing agent with amino and carboxyl groups, are another potential curing agent. Water-soluble epoxy resins cured with lysine (Lys), glutamic acid (Glu), leucine (Leu), and serine (Ser) as amino acids were investigated. The results showed that the water-soluble epoxy resin (glycerol epoxy resins, GER) was cured with Lys and Glu after reacting. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis of the GER-Lys showed that the amino and carboxyl groups of Lys primarily reacted with the epoxy groups of GER. The elongation at break of Lys-cured GER (GER-Lys) cured at 70 ℃ with a molar ratio of 1꞉0.75 was 75.32%. The fact that elongations at break of GER-Lys (79.43%) were higher than those of GER-Glu (17.33%), respectively supports the decrease of crosslinking density by the amino acid-cured GER reaction. The potential of Lys and Glu alternatives for petrochemical amines is demonstrated and provides promising opportunities for industrial application.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2014
·Vol. 35
·期 10
·2056-2066
·
IF 1.455
Xiangming Hu,Yanyun Zhao,Weimin Cheng,Deming Wang,Wen Nie
In this study, phenol, urea, and paraformaldehyde were used as the monomers for the one-step synthesis of phenol-urea-formaldehyde (PUF) foaming resin that was used to block air leakage in mining. An orthogonal test was used to study the effects of urea amount, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the foaming property of the resin. The results showed that the optimum parameters for synthesizing PUF resin are as follows: 1 mol phenol, 0.5 mol urea, 3 mol formaldehyde equivalents of paraformaldehyde, and 0.05 mol catalyst at 75°C for 3 h. The infrared and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the PUF resin showed that the chemical structure of the PUF resin was significantly different from that of phenol-formaldehyde resin, indicating that a copolymerization reaction has occurred among the three components, that is, phenol, urea, and paraformaldehyde. In this study, PUF foam was prepared from catalysts and PUF resin. The results showed that the foaming capacity and oxygen index of the PUF foam were significantly improved by using urea, whereas the shrinking percentage decreased with no change in compression strength. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2056–2066, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
研究领域:
材料科学
·
矿业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2015
·Vol. 72
·期 11
·3007-3030
·
IF 1.438
Islam Muhammad Remanul,Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen,Jamari Saidatul Shima Binti
Five different types of acid anhydrides such as succinic anhydride (SA), maleic anhydride (MA), phthalic anhydride (PA), 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (TPA) and cis -1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride (CDA) were used to prepare various polyalkyd resins from palm oil by following alcoholysis and esterification reaction. Palm oil was subjected to dehydration process using concentrated sulphuric acid prior to alcoholysis to improve the unsaturation in the fatty acid chains. Various physicochemical properties of the resins such as acid value, iodine value, yield, density, specific gravity, molecular weight, non-volatile material content, drying time, colour, solubility, etc., were tested by using standard methods. The resins were cured by using methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), styrene and cobalt naphthenate at 120 °C. To enhance the thermal, structural and other resinous properties, 0.5 wt% of montmorillonite nanoclays (MNCs) was dispersed in TPA-based resin. The cured films were tested for X-ray diffraction, surface morphology, tensile properties, pencil hardness, gloss, gel content, swelling ratio, adhesion, thermogravimetric analysis, and chemical resistivity. In addition, hydrophobicity of the cured films was observed by contact angle measurement. A comparison was drawn among the resins as well as the films prepared from different acid anhydrides. Analysis revealed that TPA-based resin/film shows improved characteristics among the others due to high degree of crosslinking. On the other hand, incorporation of MNCs into the polyalkyds led to higher thermal properties, acceptable pencil hardness and reduced wettability, which may suit this film to be applied for high-performance surface coating applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）