Xiaoqin Wang,Chunhuan Li,María del Mar Contreras,Vito Verardo,Ana María Gómez-Caravaca,Chen Xing
Tree peonies (Paeonia ostiiandPaeonia rockii) are popular ornamental plants. Moreover, these plants have become oil crops in recent years. However, there are limited compositional studies focused on fatty acids. Therefore, this work aims to reveal compositional characteristics, regarding fatty acids, sterols, γ-tocopherol and phenolic compounds, of tree peony seed oils from all major cultivation areas in China, and to compare with herbaceous peony seed oil. For that, an integrative analysis was performed by GC-FID, GC-MS and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS technologies. The main fatty acid was α-linolenic acid (39.0–48.3%), while β-sitosterol (1802.5–2793.7 mg/kg) and fucosterol (682.2–1225.1 mg/kg) were the dominant phytosterols. Importantly, 34 phenolic compounds, including paeonol and “Paeoniaglycosides” (36.62–103.17 μg/g), were characterized in vegetable oils for the first time. Conclusively, this work gives new insights into the phytochemical composition of peony seed oil and reveals the presence of bioactive compounds, including “Paeoniaglycosides”.Keywords:tree peony seed oil;fatty acids;sterols;phenolic compounds;UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS
Tree peony essential oil (EO) is a critical material for flavor and function in the industrial fields of perfume, medicine and food. To conduct an overall analysis of different varieties of tree peony EOs, the composition, aroma characteristics and antioxidant activity of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) and the odor activity value (OAV). A total of 151 and 123 compounds were identified in ZiBan and FengDan EOs, respectively, in which ZiBan EO was characterized by alcohol, alkane and acid, and FengDan EO was represented by aldehyde, alcohol and terpene. Nevertheless, there were great differences in the content of coexisting substances in the two kinds of EOs. The aroma result indicated that the characteristic aroma and intensity of the two kinds of tree peony EOs were completely different; the aroma of ZiBan EO was mainly composed of fruity and floral aromas, whereas that of FengDan EO primarily consisted of fruity, fatty, grass and floral odors. The antioxidant activities of ZiBan EO was better than that of FengDan EO. The total antioxidant activities of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were found to be 0.020 mg Vc/mL EO and 0.003 mg Vc/mL EO, while the DPPH radical scavenging abilities of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were 24.77% and 21.60%, respectively.
Polyploid breeding is one of the most important approaches to improve the traits of cultivated plants, but there has been no feasible method to get polyploid tree peony. In this study, we revealed a sexual triploidization approach from a diploid intersubsectional hybrid tree peony, Paeonia × lemoinei ‘High Noon’, to an allotriploid one, P. × lemoinei ‘Oukan’, by accurate karyotyping based on genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The ancestor genomes from P. suffruticosa and P. delavayi , which were defined as A-genome and B-genome respectively, were clearly distinguished by GISH in ‘High Noon’ and ‘Oukan’. Nonhomologous chromosomes were successfully recognized by means of 5S and 45S rDNA FISH. Karyotype comparation based on GISH and FISH indicated that the B-genome and one of the two A-genomes in ‘Oukan’ (2 n =3 x =15, AAB) were highly consistent to the corresponding genomes in ‘High Noon’ (2 n =2 x =10, AB), implying the triploid origination via 2 n gametes produced by first division restitution (FDR). In addition, it was demonstrated for the first time that the dual in series sites of 5S rDNA located on the short arm of chromosome 3 in both A and B-genomes. Besides the familiar strong 45S rDNA signals observed at terminal region of short arms, single weak 45S rDNA signal was newly detected at terminal region in the short arm of certain chromosome 1 in A-genome, and at interstitial-distal region in the long arm of chromosome 5 in both genomes. These findings provide a proof and theoretical support for tree peony polyploid breeding, and an accurate karyotyping method for genetic research of plants in Paeonia .
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）