PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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2025
·Vol. 122
·期 6
·e2417735122
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IF 9.1
Wangshu Mou,Ria Khare,Joanna K. Polko,Isaiah Taylor,Juan Xu,Dawei Xue,Philip Benfey,Bram Van de Poel,Caren Chang,Joseph J. Kieber
In seed plants, the canonical role of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is to serve as the precursor in the biosynthesis of the phytohormone ethylene, and indeed, ACC treatment is often used as a proxy for ethylene treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that ACC can also act independently of ethylene to regulate various aspects of plant growth and development. Here, we explore the effects of ACC on Arabidopsis thaliana root growth and the mechanisms by which it acts. ACC inhibits growth of the primary root in Arabidopsis seedlings when ethylene signaling is blocked, which becomes evident after 36 h of treatment with ACC. This reduced root growth is in part the result of suppressed cell proliferation in the root meristem resulting from altered expression of a key regulator of stem cell niche activity, WOX5. ACC also promotes lateral root (LR) development, in contrast to ethylene, which inhibits LR formation. Transcriptomic analysis of roots revealed no significant changes in gene expression after 45 min or 4 h of ACC treatment, but longer treatment times revealed a large number of differentially expressed genes, including the downregulation of the expression of a small group of phylogenetically related CLE peptides. Reduced expression of these group 1 CLEs in response to ACC leads to the activation of a transcription factor, LBD18, which promotes LR development. These results suggest that ACC acts to modulate multiple aspects of Arabidopsis root growth independently of ethylene via distinct transcriptional effects in the root meristem and LR precursor cells.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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遗传学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Plants-Basel
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2024
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·543
·
IF 4
Long Lu,Xinyu Chen,Qinyan Tan,Wenqian Li,Yanyan Sun,Zaoli Zhang,Yuanyuan Song,Rensen Zeng
Aluminum toxicity poses a significant constraint on crop production in acidic soils. While phytohormones are recognized for their pivotal role in mediating plant responses to aluminum stress, the specific involvement of gibberellin (GA) in regulating aluminum tolerance remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that external GA exacerbates the inhibitory impact of aluminum stress on root growth of rice seedlings, concurrently promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, rice plants overexpressing the GA synthesis geneSD1exhibit enhanced sensitivity to aluminum stress. In contrast, theslr1gain-of-function mutant, characterized by impeded GA signaling, displays enhanced tolerance to aluminum stress, suggesting the negative regulatory role of GA in rice resistance to aluminum-induced toxicity. We also reveal that GA application suppresses the expression of crucial aluminum tolerance genes in rice, includingAl resistance transcription factor 1(ART1),Nramp aluminum transporter 1(OsNramp4), andSensitive to Aluminum 1(SAL1). Conversely, theslr1mutant exhibits up-regulated expression of these genes compared to the wild type. In summary, our results shed light on the inhibitory effect of GA in rice resistance to aluminum stress, contributing to a theoretical foundation for unraveling the intricate mechanisms of plant hormones in regulating aluminum tolerance.
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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植物生理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Communications Biology
·
2024
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 5.2
Tan Chao,Li Suxin,Song Jia,Zheng Xianfu,Zheng Hao,Xu Weichang,Wan Cui,Zhang Tan,Bian Qiang,Men Shuzhen
Auxins and their analogs are widely used to promote root growth, flower and fruit development, and yield in crops. The action characteristics and application scope of various auxins are different. To overcome the limitations of existing auxins, expand the scope of applications, and reduce side effects, it is necessary to screen new auxin analogs. Here, we identified 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid (Dcaa) as having auxin-like activity and acting through the auxin signaling pathway in plants. At the physiological level, Dcaa promotes the elongation of oat coleoptile segments, the generation of adventitious roots, and the growth of crop roots. At the molecular level, Dcaa induces the expression of auxin-responsive genes and acts through auxin receptors. Molecular docking results showed that Dcaa can bind to auxin receptors, among which TIR1 has the highest binding activity. Application of Dcaa at the root tip of the DR5:GUS auxin-responsive reporter induces GUS expression in the root hair zone, which requires the PIN2 auxin efflux carrier. Dcaa also inhibits the endocytosis of PIN proteins like other auxins. These results provide a basis for the application of Dcaa in agricultural practices.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOCHEMISTRY
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2021
·
IF 4.072
Xudong Zhang,Xing Huang,Yan Li,Faqing Tao,Qinshi Zhao,Weiqi Li
Polar auxin transport (PAT) is essential to control root growth. Flavonoids are widely thought to be PAT inhibitors leading to short root developments. However, we found that the flavonoids scutellarin and scutellarein , which both have a 6-hydroxyl group unlike the structure of known flavonoid-PAT-inhibitors, promote PAT in roots. They increase root length; rescue the short roots induced by the PAT-specific inhibitor TIBA; enhance the expression of the PAT mediators PIN1 , PIN2 and AUX1 ; increase the auxin concentration at the quiescent center; and change the distribution of the meristem organizer WOX5. In contrast, rutin and naringenin , which have no 6-hydroxyl group and have different structural features in B-ring, shows the opposite/no effects. Our evidence suggests that flavonoids with and without a 6-hydroxyl group might result in opposite effects on root growth and thus act as chemical switches in regulating PAT.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LAB ON A CHIP
·
2019
·Vol. 19
·期 14
·2383-2393
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IF 6.914
Hui Hui Chai,Feng Chen,Shu Jie Zhang,Ya Dan Li,Zhi Song Lu,Yue Jun Kang,Ling Yu
The root system of plants is a major component of their bodies in terms of both function and bulk. The investigation of root system development is greatly assisted by microfluidic devices, which improve the spatial and temporal resolution of observations without destroying tissue. In the present study, a multi-chamber petaloid root-growth chip was developed for studying the development and physiology of root systems that have thin branching structures (i.e., fibrous root systems). The petaloid root-growth chip includes a central seed germination chamber and five root-growth chambers for observing the development of fibrous roots. The proposed device was applied for investigating the root system development of Oryza sativa. The phenotype and growth kinetics of O. sativa root systems grown in the proposed device were compared with those obtained during growth in a conventional conical flask with agar-based medium, and the results indicated that cultivation in the miniaturized device did not delay root system growth in the early stage (≤2 weeks). In addition, the transparent device enabled the non-destructive observation of the developmental and microstructural characteristics of the roots, such as the root caps, root border cells, and root hairs. Moreover, the ability to control the microenvironment in each of the five root-growth chambers individually facilitated the investigation of specific adaptations in the fibrous root growth of single O. sativa seedlings to different drought stresses. Accordingly, five polyethylene glycol (PEG)6000-induced drought stress conditions were established in the five root-growth chambers to investigate the root development of a single O. sativa seedling in the central germination chamber. In situ observations demonstrated that the different PEG6000-induced conditions affected the root growth responses and root microstructural adaptations of the single seedlings in each root-growth chamber. Therefore, the petaloid root-growth microfluidic chip can eliminate the effects of variations in different plant seeds to reveal the responses of plants to different environmental conditions more objectively while concurrently allowing for non-destructive observations at very high spatial and temporal resolution.
研究领域:
植物学
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农学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 30
·期 5
·11936-11945
·
IF 5.19
Xiang Dongmei,Zhu Lin,Yang Song,Hou Xiaomin
As one of the triazine herbicides with widespread usage in agriculture, metribuzin exerted nonnegligible hazardous effects on plants via excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and destruction of antioxidant enzymes, but the underlying harmful mechanism of metribuzin-induced oxidative damage to plants has never been exploited. Here, Arabidopsis thaliana glutathione reductase 2 (AtGR2) was employed as the biomarker to evaluate the adverse impacts of metribuzin on plants. The fluorescence intensity of AtGR2 was decreased based on the static quenching mechanism with the prediction of a single binding site toward metribuzin, and the complex formation was presumed to be mainly impelled by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces from the negative Δ H and Δ S . In addition, the loosened and unfolded skeleton of AtGR2 along with the increased hydrophilicity around the tryptophan residues were investigated. Besides, the glutathione reductase activity of AtGR2 was also destroyed due to structural and conformational changes. At last, the severe inhibiting growth of Arabidopsis seedling roots was discovered under metribuzin exposure. Hence, the evaluation of the molecular interaction mechanism of AtGR2 with metribuzin will establish valuable assessments of the toxic effects of metribuzin on plants.
研究领域:
植物毒理学
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分子生物学
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农业化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Plant Signaling & Behavior
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2020
·
IF 1.671
Zhi-Qiang Yan,Jing Tan,Kai Guo,Lun-Guang Yao
As the main active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, liquiritin has multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxicity, immune regulation, anti-virus and anti-cancer. In addition, liquiritin has been recognized as an allelochemical that displays markedly inhibitory effects on the growth of target plants, G. uralensis and lettuce. However, its phytotoxic mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, the mode of action of liquiritin against root growth of lettuce seedling was researched. After treatments with liquiritin, the cell division in root tips of lettuce seedlings was partly arrested, and the cell viability and root vitality were obviously lost. At the same time, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) in lettuce seedlings were induced by liquiritin. The results indicated that the phytotoxic effects of liquiritin was probably dependent on the induction of ROS overproduction, resulting in membrane lipids peroxidation following with cell death and mitosis process disorder.
研究领域:
植物学
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植物生理学
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植物化学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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