CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Yueqi Wu,Xing Gu,Mingyong Jia,Qiang Shen,Fei Chen
A reliable joining between silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramics and metallic molybdenum (Mo), which possess significantly different physical properties, is successfully achieved through powder metallurgy and gradient composite technology. The interfacial reaction mechanisms between Si 3 N 4 and Mo at various compositional layers are systematically investigated under a sintering temperature of 1500 °C. Based on the elucidated reaction pathways and the concentration distribution index (p), the structure of the transition layer in Si 3 N 4 /Mo x Si y /Mo functionally graded materials (FGMs) is effectively optimized. By eliminating the intermediate layers where severe reactions induce excessive porosity, the overall densification and interfacial integrity of the graded structure are significantly enhanced, thereby improving the mechanical performance of the composite. The results indicate that Si 3 N 4 and Mo primarily react via diffusion between Mo and Si to form molybdenum silicides, following the reaction sequence: (Mo + Si) → (Mo 3 Si/MoSi 2 + Si) → (Mo 5 Si 3 ). At a concentration distribution index of p = 1.5, the flexural strength of the Si 3 N 4 /Mo x Si y /Mo FGMs reaches a maximum value of 371.4 MPa. Furthermore, the elemental distribution across the optimized transition layers exhibits a quasi-continuous gradient profile, indicating excellent structural continuity and robust interfacial bonding.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.175
Fei Chen,Mingyong Jia,Yulong She,Yueqi Wu,Qiang Shen,Lianmeng Zhang
In this paper, aluminum nitride (AlN) and molybdenum (Mo) were used for fabrication of AlN/Mo functionally graded materials by spark plasma sintering (SPS). In order to study the influence of microstructure on mechanical properties in AlN/Mo FGMs, the FGMs with different composition exponent p value were analyzed by indentation and bending test . The results showed that the specimens with p < 1 exhibited a metal-rich graded structure comparing to specimens with p ≥ 1. The radial bending and shear strength of AlN/Mo FGMs reached maximum when p < 1, which are 369.78 MPa and 48.01 MPa respectively. Moreover, comparing with the porosity and the ceramic/metal interface, the distribution of the two components is the most important factor for improvement of bending and shear strength. The more the hard metal network content in the graded layer, the higher the bending and shear strength of AlN/Mo FGMs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.495
Qiang Liu,Yang Wang,Xin-Yuan Hua,Biao Zhang,Hao-Qian Zhang,Jun-Wei Liu,Feng Ye,Wen Wang
Although traditional functionally graded materials (FGMs) have weakened a certain extent abrupt changes along interfaces between layers, eliminating residual abrupt interfaces which results in great inter laminar stresses remains a major challenge. Herein, ceramic scaffolds with novel continuously graded channels have been firstly prepared through combining layer-by-layer casting with gelation-freeze-dry. Followed by infiltrating soft phase, the co-continuous FGMs without delamination and abrupt changes between layers can be successfully fabricated. The wet layering of suspensions and continuous ice crystals across the interface are the main reasons for the eliminated interfaces. More importantly, the performance of FGMs can be optimized to meet the practical requirement attributed to the varied porosity and pore size distribution of freeze-cast ceramic scaffolds. The novel process for co-continuous ceramics/ FGMs without abrupt interfaces can be extended to other polymers or even metals.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 140
·期 47
·e54708
·
IF 3
Fangling Wang,Yuewang Zhu,Liuye Wang,Kai Ren,Juan Li,Chengzhong Wang,Shengling Jiang
Polyurethane is the main matrix material of polymer damping materials, but the damping temperature range is narrow, the effective damping temperature range does not match the working temperature of the material, and the elastic modulus is sensitive to temperature during glass transition, which is not conducive to safe use in a wide temperature range. In this paper, the polyurethane gradient material with the hard segment content continuously changing along the length direction was designed and prepared by the reaction injection method. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) shows that the gradient structure greatly influences the comprehensive damping performance of polyurethane. While maintaining no significant decrease in mechanical properties, the gradient material extends the effective damping temperature range (TR) from 40.7°C (−32.3 ~ 8.4°C) for component A and 66.6°C (59.5 ~ 126.1°C) for component B to 139.5°C (−20.6 ~ 118.9°C). At the same time, the damping peak remains high (0.48), which is close to the higher damping peak of the B component of 0.56. The elastic modulus ( E ′) decreases slowly with the increase in temperature, which can better ensure the safety of the material.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Yunwei Shi,Yichao Ren,Qianglong He,Jinghan Wang,Aiyang Wang,Hao Wang,Weimin Wang,Zhengyi Fu
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) have attracted more and more attention due to their graded changes on composition or microstructure to satisfy some conflicting properties in one component. However, the interfacial stress induced by the composition difference across an interface would degrade the reliability of components and hinder its advancement. Herein, a general process to fabricate continuously and symmetrically graded Si 3 N 4 -based ceramics is designed to address the problem above. By the combination of gaseous gradient diffusion and in-situ gas reaction, the graded ceramics with hard surface and tough core are first prepared under uniformly thermal field. The edge area of graded ceramics exhibits fine microstructure, high hardness (19.82GPa), and low fracture toughness (4.73 MPa·m 1/2 ), while the interior exhibits a distinct difference with coarse grains, low hardness (18.31GPa) and high fracture toughness (6.12 MPa·m 1/2 ). The thickness of continuously graded microstructure is effectively controlled and regulated by optimizing sintering regimes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
·
制造工艺
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
·
2022
·
IF 6.044
Mingyong Jia,Fei Chen,Yueqi Wu,Like Xu,Qiang Shen,Nan Jiang,Jian Sun
The metallization of AlN ceramic is a critical prerequisite for applying AlN ceramics to electronic component packaging. In this study, a concept of functionally graded materials (FGMs) was used for the metallization of AlN ceramic. Symmetrical Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs with different composition exponent p ( p =1, p <1, and p >1) were designed and fabricated by hot-press sintering. The influence of the p -value on the shear performance and fracture path of the Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs was investigated. Compared to specimens with p =1, the specimens with p <1 and p >1 show the distribution of Mo-rich and AlN-rich in the graded transition layer, respectively. The shear strength of the specimens reaches a maximum value of 48.0 MPa as p < 1 and 22.5 MPa higher than the minimum value as p > 1. Besides, three fracture paths were found for the Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs with different values of p , including the cracks propagate obliquely along the axis in the graded transition layer, the cracks penetrate through the AlN ceramic and the graded transition layer, and the cracks only propagate horizontally in a single graded layer. The crack initiation of Mo/AlN/Mo FGMs depends on the strength of each graded layer. Moreover, the directions of fracture paths are closely related to the strength of the ceramic interlayer and the composition exponent p .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
工程学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 34
·期 12
·2312736
·
IF 19
Guang Yao,Hongping Xiang,Margaret Lucas,Hang Gao,Lijuan Zheng,Dandan Wu,Zexi Han,Jianhua Lai,Chengyong Wang
Existing manufacturing technologies for thermoset components are limited by long cycle times, simple structures, limited material, and poor controllability, making it difficult to realize complex structures with functionally graded properties. Herein, a sound continuous production (SCP) technology is proposed for the rapid manufacture of thermosets by accelerating the gelation through the mechanical, physical, and chemical effects of ultrasound. SCP is shown to enable the continuous production of homogeneous and heterogeneous thermosets. Its combination with a robotic arm allows for 360° omnidirectional continuous production, which is demonstrated by the successful construction of lateral and vertical-oriented spiral structures via unsupported fabrication. Multiscale filaments with diameters ranging from 150 µm to 2 cm are manufactured and are shown capable of producing functionally graded materials with mechanical property gradients of up to five. The direct fabrication via SCP of a set of functional composites is demonstrated and a novel fabrication technique for multilayer carbon fiber-reinforced plastic laminates is presented. This method can bring technological innovation to the rapid manufacture of thermosets for several emerging fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
制造工程
·
超声技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Qian Qi,Wei Ji,Qiunan Li,Wanjun Li,Jinyong Zhang,Weimin Wang,Zhengyi Fu
The materials used in astronautics fields are usually designed to withstand severe thermal stress induced by large temperature differences. Compared with homogenous materials, functionally graded materials (FGM) possess gradient properties and can be applied in harsh operating conditions. In this study, ZrC–Mo multilayer FGM were designed and prepared with three gradient compositions. The as-produced ZrC–Mo FGM exhibited the dense and homogeneous morphology and excellent interlayer bonding without visible defects such as cracks and pores. The results of oxyacetylene ablation tests indicated that compared with homogeneous ZrC-based composites, the ZrC–Mo FGM could better maintain integrity and avoid catastrophic damage. An effective property transition was established by the gradient design, which could relieve the stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between ceramic and metal materials. The FGM in the composition of quadratic function nonlinear with higher Mo content show the optimized overall performance. The study provides a new strategy for developing promising candidate materials under ultra-high temperature conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
·
2010
·Vol. 108
·期 1
·175-185
·
IF 3.377
Jiankang He,Yanan Du,Yuqi Guo,Matthew J. Hancock,Ben Wang,Hyeongho Shin,Jinhui Wu,Dichen Li,Ali Khademhosseini
Combinatorial material synthesis is a powerful approach for creating composite material libraries for the high-throughput screening of cell–material interactions. Although current combinatorial screening platforms have been tremendously successful in identifying target (termed “hit”) materials from composite material libraries, new material synthesis approaches are needed to further optimize the concentrations and blending ratios of the component materials. Here we employed a microfluidic platform to rapidly synthesize composite materials containing cross-gradients of gelatin and chitosan for investigating cell–biomaterial interactions. The microfluidic synthesis of the cross-gradient was optimized experimentally and theoretically to produce quantitatively controllable variations in the concentrations and blending ratios of the two components. The anisotropic chemical compositions of the gelatin/chitosan cross-gradients were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The three-dimensional (3D) porous gelatin/chitosan cross-gradient materials were shown to regulate the cellular morphology and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in a gradient-dependent manner. We envision that our microfluidic cross-gradient platform may accelerate the material development processes involved in a wide range of biomedical applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:175–185. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
研究领域:
生物工程
·
材料科学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2025
·
IF 8.9
Jiaojiao Yun,Ruihan Ge,James K.H. Tsoi,Yu Lu,Shuangzhuang Guo,Jiawen Guo,Yan Wang
This study developed a functionally graded post-and-core system using urethane dimethacrylate resins reinforced with zirconia (ZrO 2 ) nanoparticles, with material design guided by finite element (FE) modeling. Three groups were established according to the post-and-core materials and techniques: FPC, prefabricated fiber post plus resin composite core; HPC, CAD/CAM homogeneous post-and-core; GPC, CAD/CAM graded post-and-core. The machinability assessment validated the dimensional accuracy of experimental CAD/CAM posts by showing an undetectable marginal discrepancy of less than 40 µm and the good adhesion between the sequentially deposited layers for graded post-and-core. FE analysis and in vitro failure test were performed to compare the biomechanical performance of the restored teeth using three restorations. FE analysis indicated that the GPC group with tri-layer configuration (coronal–apical dimensions: 6–4-3 mm) and corresponding elastic modulus (9.8–8.5–6.7 GPa) achieved optimal stress distribution patterns, outperforming both FPC and HPC groups. In vitro tests revealed that both GPC and HPC groups possessed uniform adhesive layers and favorable root repairable failure rates of 33 %, significantly higher than the rate of 0 % observed in FPC group. This functionally graded approach effectively addresses the biomechanical mismatch along the corono-apical direction of tooth roots by tailoring material properties, offering a strategy for the next-generation post-and-core restorations. The successful development of CAD/CAM graded composites demonstrates significant potential for advanced restorative applications with good clinical performance.
研究领域:
牙科学
·
材料科学
·
生物力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2023
·
IF 6.4
Yang Wang,Qiang Liu,Biao Zhang,Hongxu Wang,Paul J. Hazell,Zhuoqun Han,Jian Li,Bo Li,Ling Li,Futian Liu,Feng Ye
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are promising protective structures for lightweight armor plates because of their features and designability. However, traditional discretely layered FGMs with macroscopic interfaces can generate unfavorable interlaminar stresses under ballistic attacks, eventually leading to delamination or interlayer tearing. Herein, we constructed new B 4 C/2024Al FGMs without sharp interfaces between layers. The FGM armor systems with varying through-the-thickness distributions were tested against 7.62 mm armor-piercing incendiary projectiles. The effects of compositional gradient exponent on the damage characteristics, stress distribution and energy evolution were numerically and experimentally investigated. The results indicated that the smooth transition within through-the-thickness microstructures effectively avoided the occurrence of interlayer delamination or tearing. The compositional gradient exponent played an essential role in the impact response of the FGM targets. The FGM having a linear composition gradient outperformed other nonlinear types with respect to energy absorption and ballistic properties due to the reduced tensile wave strength and prolonged projectile-target interaction time. Furthermore, the structural optimization problem with the objective of maximizing ballistic efficiency was solved using the conjugate gradient method, and the optimal design of the FGM targets was achieved. The current research provides a promising design guideline for developing and optimizing new advanced lightweight composite armor.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Bao-rang Li,Xiang-chen Liu,Hao-zhi Chen,Yun-yi Wu,Shi-guang Zhang,Ming-yong Jia,Fei Chen
After being fabricated successfully by spark plasma sintering technology, corrosion performance of aluminum nitride-molybdenum gradient material was investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope , XPS techniques, etc. in a simulated liquid metal battery environment with LiF–LiBr–LiCl eutectic salt as electrolyte. The research results indicated that low temperature corrosion at 550 °C occurs mainly in pure aluminum nitride region with the corrosion products grown on the grain boundaries including alumina , nitrogen-lithium, aluminum-lithium intermediate phase or their complex compounds. Moreover, the formed corrosion product morphology is influenced significantly by aluminum nitride distribution. As the gradient compositions developed towards the pure molybdenum zone, the product morphologies tended to evolve in a sequence of sphere, flake and octahedron. At temperatures higher than 600 °C, alumina tends to be dissolved in molten salt vapor and molybdenum starts to be corroded simultaneously resulting in a substitute of the formed lithium aluminum molybdenum oxide phases for alumina in the final corrosion products. Mass change study on the samples suggested both the holding time and temperature have significant influences on the corrosion behavior of aluminum nitride-molybdenum gradient material. At temperatures higher than 700 °C, sudden change in sample mass accompanied by interface cracking would happen within the holding time of 100 h. Therefore, under long-term isothermal conditions, the serviced temperature of aluminum nitride-molybdenum functional gradient materials is suggested to be lower than 600 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）