Scientific Reports
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2021
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 4.38
Niu Meiyun,Yan Haifeng,Xiong Yuping,Zhang Yueya,Zhang Xinhua,Li Yuan,da Silva Jaime A. Teixeira,Ma Guohua
Sandalwood ( Santalum album L.) is famous for its unique fragrance derived from the essential oil of heartwood, whose major components are santalols. To understand the mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of santalols, in this study, we cloned two related genes involved in the mevalonate pathway in S. album coding for acetyl-CoA C-acetyl transferase (AACT) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutary-CoA synthase (HMGS). These genes were characterized and functionally analyzed, and their expression profiles were also assessed. An AACT gene designated as SaAACT (GenBank accession No. MH018694) and a HMGS gene designated as SaHMGS (GenBank accession No. MH018695) were successfully cloned from S. album . The deduced SaAACT and SaHMGS proteins contain 415 and 470 amino acids, and the corresponding size of their open-reading frames is 1538 bp and 1807 bp, respectively. Phylogenetic trees showed that the SaAACT protein had the closest relationship with AACT from Hevea brasiliensis and the SaHMGS proteins had the highest homology with HMGS from Siraitia grosvenorii . Functional complementation of SaAACT and SaHMGS in a mutant yeast strain deficient in these proteins confirmed that SaAACT and SaHMGS cDNA encodes functional SaAACT and SaHMGS that mediate mevalonate biosynthesis in yeast. Tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that both genes were constitutively expressed in all examined tissues (roots, sapwood, heartwood, young leaves, mature leaves and shoots) of S. album , both genes showing highest expression in roots. After S. album seedlings were treated with 100 μM methyl jasmonate, the expression levels of SaAACT and SaHMGS genes increased, suggesting that these genes were responsive to this elicitor. These studies provide insight that would allow further analysis of the role of genes related to the sandalwood mevalonate pathway in the regulation of biosynthesis of sandalwood terpenoids and a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of santalol biosynthesis.
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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植物生物化学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
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2020
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IF 3.004
Youzhen Tan,Biying Chen,Cui Ren,Mingxin Guo,Juanxia Wang,Kexing Shi,Xia Wu,Yifan Feng
Sandalwood is one of the most valuable woods in the world. However, today's counterfeits are widespread, it is difficult to distinguish authenticity. In this paper, similar genus ( Dalbergia and Pterocarpus ) and confused species ( Gluta sp .) of sandalwood were quickly and efficiently identified. Rapid identification model based on 1 H NMR and decision tree (DT) algorithm was firstly developed for the identification of sandalwood, and the accuracy was improved by introducing the AdaBoost algorithm. The accuracy of the final model was above 95%. And the feature components between different species of sandalwood were further explored using UHPLC-QTOFMS and NMR spectrometry. The results showed that 183 compounds were identified, among which 99 were known components, 84 were unknown components. The 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR signals of 505 samples were assigned, among them, 14 compounds were attributed, characteristic chemical shift intervals with great differences in the model were analysed. Furthermore, the fragmentation pattern of different compounds from sandalwood, in both positive and negative ion ESI modes, was summarized. The results showed a potential and rapid tool based on DT, NMR spectroscopy and UHPLC-QTOFMS, which had performed great potential for rapid identification and feature analysis of sandalwood.
研究领域:
植物学
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分析化学
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药用植物研究
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GENE
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2022
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IF 3.913
Xiaohong Chen,Yueya Zhang,Haifeng Yan,Meiyun Niu,Yuping Xiong,Xinhua Zhang,Yuan Li,Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva,Guohua Ma
The commercial value of Santalum album L. lies in its aromatic heartwood and essential oil. Sesquiterpenes are the main components of sandal essential oil, and these are synthesized through the plant’s mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways. In this study, the first key rate-limiting enzyme, 1-deoxy- d -xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (SaDXS), was investigated to provide a theoretical molecular basis for the sandalwood MEP sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathway. The biofunctions of SaDXS were also analyzed. SaDXS promoters were successfully cloned from a seven-year-old S. album tree. SaDXS1A/1B promoter activity was verified by a β-glucuronidase (GUS) assay and by analyzing cis -acting elements of the promoters, which carried light- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-responsive signals. In an experiment involving yellow S. album seedlings, exposure to light upregulated SaDXS1A/1B expression and increased chlorophyll and carotenoid contents when overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana . Analysis of the expression of SaDXS1A/1B and SaSSy , key genes of santalol biosynthesis, revealed SaDXS1A expression in all tissues whereas SaDXS1B was expressed in tissues that contained photosynthetic pigments, such as stems, leaves and flowers. Sandal seedlings exogenously treated with two hormones, MeJA and ethylene, revealed similar expression patterns for SaDXS1A/1B and SaSSy . Sandal seedlings were treated with an inhibitor of DXS, clomazone, but showed no significant changes in the contents of α-santalene, β-santalene and α-santalol between treatment and control groups. These results suggest that SaDXS1A/1B play a role in the synthesis of sandalwood sesquiterpenes, providing carbon for downstream secondary metabolites. SaDXS1A/1B also play a role in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and primary metabolites.
研究领域:
植物生物技术
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分子生物学
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生物化学
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植物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
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2022
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IF 5.443
Xu Ren,Tao Huang,Aishui Yu
Binders pave the way for silicon (Si)-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by alleviating excessive expansion of Si and offer an intriguingly high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mAh g −1 ), even with small amounts of additive. Here, we report a novel aqueous binder, carboxymethylated tamarind polysaccharide gum (1-CMT), created by modifying a low-cost, abundant, and non-toxic natural polysaccharide (tamarind kernel powder) under mild conditions. The Si@1-CMT electrode has a satisfactory specific capacity of 3626.7 mAh g −1 as well as a coulombic efficiency of 90.96% at the initial cycle; the Si mass loading is approximately 0.75 mg cm −2 . A specific capacity of 1176 mAh g −1 is retained after 200 cycles at a strict current density of 2000 mA g −1 ; the corresponding value for a Si@CMC electrode is only 697 mAh g −1 . The 1-CMT electrode has a specific capacity greater than 1600 mAh g −1 even under a current density of 4000 mA g −1 . The unique branched chain structure and substantial number of free polar functional groups explain the outstanding electrochemical properties. Hence, 1-CMT acts as a premium binder in a Si-based anode that can be used to create high-performance batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源化学
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绿色化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
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2022
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IF 3.686
Yuan Li,Feng Jin,Xiuju Wu,Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva,Yuping Xiong,Xinhua Zhang,Guohua Ma
Sandalwood ( Santalum album L.) is a hemi-parasitic tree species famous for its santalol and santalene, which are extracted from its heartwood and roots. The ability to understand root functionality within its branched root system would benefit the regulation of sandalwood growth and enhance the commercial value of sandalwood. Phenotypic and anatomical evidence in this study indicated that seed germination stage 4 (SG4) seemed pivotal for lateral root (LR) morphogenesis. Small RNA (sRNA) high-throughput sequencing of root tissues at three sub-stages of SG4 (lateral root primordia initiation (LRPI), lateral root primordia development (LRPD), and lateral root primordia emergence (LRPE)) was performed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with LR development. A total of 135 miRNAs, including 70 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), were screened. Ten DEMs were selected to investigate transcript abundance in different organs or developmental stages. Among 100 negative DEM-mRNA interaction pairs, four targets (Sa-miR166m_2, 408d, 858a, and novel_Sa-miR8) were selected for studying cleavage sites by 5′ RLM-RACE validation. The expression mode of the four miRNA-mRNA pairs was investigated after indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment. IAA enhanced the abundance of homeobox-leucine-zipper protein 32 ( HOX32 ), laccase 12 ( LAC12 ), myeloblastosis86 ( MYB86 ), and pectin methylesterase inhibitor6 ( PMEI6 ) target transcripts by reducing the expression of Sa-miR166m_2, 408d, 858a, and novel_Sa-miR8 in the first 10 min. A schematic model of miRNA-regulated LR development is proposed for this hemi-parasitic species. This novel genetic information for improving sandalwood root growth and development may allow for the cultivation of fast-growing and high-yielding plantations.
研究领域:
植物科学
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分子生物学
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基因组学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2023
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IF 5.4
Heng Ye,Gang Wang,Xuchao Wang,Lin Wang,Wei Ni,Linjian Chen,Yifan Zhu,Longshan Zhao,Zhili Xiong,Yan Wang,Cuilian Dai,Binbin Liu
Ethnopharmacological relevance Dyslipidemia is the leading risk factor of atherosclerosis (AS). Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) can regulate postprandial cholesterol levels via uptake and hydrolyzation of lipids and regulation of macrophage cholesterol efflux (MCE). San-wei-tan-xiang (SWTX) capsule , a Traditional Chinese medicine , exerts clinical benefits in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases . Aim of the study This work is aimed to evaluate the chemical ingredients and mechanisms of SWTX in anti-AS. Materials and methods The chemical ingredients of SWTX identified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry were used for network pharmacological analysis. The atheroprotective function of SWTX was evaluated in ApoE −/− mice fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. Results The chemical ingredients identified in SWTX were predicated to be important for lipid metabolism and AS. Animals studies suggested that SWTX effectively attenuated the atherosclerotic plaque growth, elevated postprandial HDL cholesterol levels, elevated the proportion of Tim4 and CD36-expressed ATMs, and upregulated the uptake of lipid and lysosomal activity in ATMs. SWTX-induced elevation of postprandial HDL cholesterol levels was dependent on increased lysosomal activity, since chloroquine , an inhibitor of lysosomal function, blocked the effect of SWTX. Lastly, some predicated bioactive compounds in SWTX can elevate lysosomal activity in vitro . Conclusion SWTX could attenuate atherosclerotic plaque formation by elevating lysosomal activity and enhancing MCE in ATMs.
研究领域:
药理学
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心血管疾病
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传统中药
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代谢
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免疫学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）