The search for efficient adsorbents to mitigate the impact of antibiotic pollutants on marine ecosystems, food security and human health is a burgeoning field of research. Further, Trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are widely distributed in the marine environment and are difficult to degrade. In this research, we used gravity separation to enrich the residual carbon from the coal gasification coarse slag and used the resulting carbon-high product (GC) as a low-cost and high-efficiency adsorbent. TMP and SMX were investigated for their adsorption behavior in seawater using GC under varied conditions. The findings indicated that the adsorption capacities of TMP and SMX by GC were 5.0017 mg/g and 5.1391 mg/g, respectively. The equilibrium durations of TMP and SMX by GC were 21 min and 40 min, respectively. Various adsorption models were fitted to the adsorption behavior of two pollutants by GC. The results showed that the adsorption processes of the two pollutants were consistent with the Freundlich equation and the quasi-secondary kinetic model, suggesting that both pollutants were adsorbed on GC surface by both physical and chemical processes. GC more effectively adsorbed TMP than SMX under a competitive adsorption procedure. When we introduced molecular dynamics simulation into this research, the microscopic procedures of GC adsorbing two pollutants were investigated. The energy composition and hydrogen bond types in the adsorption process were quantified. Finally, we summarized the adsorption mechanism of GC adsorbing two pollutants. This work will pave the way for developing effective, low-cost and environmentally friendly novel materials for the adsorption and purification of antibiotic pollutants in the marine environment. This research can produce positive economic and environmental effects in the comprehensive utilization of coal gasification slag.
From the perspective of environmental protection and resource utilization, the feasibility of treating m -cresol wastewater with coal gasification fine slag (GFS) as particle electrodes in an electrocatalytic system was evaluated to achieve the purpose of treating waste with waste. Characterization by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Raman, and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed that the GFS featured a diverse inorganic framework, large specific surface area (as large as above 155 m 2 g −1 ), hierarchical porous structure, and plenty of catalytic sites. The Venn diagram method was used to systematically propose the following distribution modes of residual carbon (RC) and ash in GFS: discrete distribution, embedded distribution, crosslinked distribution, and association and bonding. Only 8 g L −1 of GFS particle electrodes prevented the formation of a yellow sticky passivation film on the anode. Compared to the two-dimensional electrocatalytic system (47.89%), the wastewater treatment efficiency was increased by 108.81%. Zero-order kinetic results showed that the reaction rate constant was the highest (2.1106 mg L −1 ·min −1 ) when the secondary flotation RC was adopted as particle electrodes. It was indicated that GFS in discrete mode played either no role or at most a minor role. Last but not least, the synergy of RC and ash was revealed from a molecular perspective. The RC exhibited hierarchical microporous/mesoporous/macroporous structure, which facilitated the entry of H 2 O 2 into the catalytic sites of ash. Abundant catalytic sites in ash accelerated adsorption and oxidation processes on RC surfaces.
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