IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
·
2021
·
IF 3.966
Keren Dai,Ningling Wen,Xuanmei Fan,Jin Deng,Lele Zhang,Rubing Liang,Jie Liu,Qiang Xu
In the context of global warming, monitoring glacial lakes is of great significance for revealing climate change and mitigating glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Multitemporal mapping of glacier lakes through optical satellite remote-sensing imageries can only provide us comparative analysis of glacier lake changes during long time intervals. In recent years, the rapid development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has made it possible to observe seasonal changes of glacial lakes. This letter proposed a polarization enhancement-based maximum interclass variance (PE-MIV) method to accurately and automatically mapping the seasonal cycles of glacial lakes based on multipolarization SAR data. Taking the Gongcuo and Langcuo glacial lakes in Laigu village, Tibetan Plateau, as examples, based on 113 Sentinel-1 SAR imageries covering 2017 to 2020 with a 12-day revisiting time, the seasonal boundary changes of both lakes were extracted automatically with a relative accuracy of 93.59%. The seasonal variations of glacial lake area are closely related to temperature and precipitation. This letter demonstrated that the satellite SAR (short revisiting time, multipolarization, etc.) is an effective tool to monitor areal changes of glacier lakes, which can be widely applied in detecting glacier lakes, GLOFs, and their response to climate change.
研究领域:
遥感监测
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冰川学
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气候学
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环境变化
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Geoscience
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 11
·989-996
·
IF 18.3
Zhu Xiaojing,Yang Fan,Li Zhen,Fang Mingliang,Ma Suping,Zhang Ting,Li Cunlin,Guo Qiulei,Wang Xiaoping,Zhang Gan,Ji Rong,Schäffer Andreas,Wang Xiaofei,Ye Xingnan,Chen Yingjun,Wang Lin,Chen Jianmin,Xing Baoshan,Wang Zimeng,Schwarzbauer Jan
Permafrost in the polar regions potentially stores large amounts of toxic chemicals, including organic compounds bound with halogens. The release of such halogenated organic chemicals (HOC) from thawing permafrost represents a potential global concern with climate change. However, the exact inventory of HOC remains uncertain because conventional analytical techniques largely overlook nonextractable residues. Here we present an inventory of HOC in permafrost soils sampled from the Tibetan Plateau using stepwise chemical treatment following conventional solvent extraction to release and analyse the nonextractable residues. We identify more than 270 types of HOC, with total mean concentration of 310,000 ng g −1 , of which 180,000 ng g −1 are naturally sourced based on their molecular structures. We also find unexpectedly high fractions of the nonextractable residues, contributing more than 99% of the total HOC, much higher than those reported for other soils and sediments. Up to 85% of the nonextractable residues are physically entrapped in soils rather than chemically bound, such that they could readily be remobilized if soil properties change. We suggest that this substantial stock of HOC in Tibetan Plateau permafrost poses potentially important future risks to local ecosystems in a warming climate.
研究领域:
环境科学
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气候变化
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土壤化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Arid Ecosystems
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·461-472
·
IF 0.8
Vilkov E. V.
According to the data of 1995–2020 surveys conducted in the Sulakskaya and Turalinskaya lagoons on the western coast of the Caspian Sea in Dagestan, as well as according to information about the returns of bands obtained from the banding center of the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, the geographic dispersion of migrating wader populations was determined, for ten species of which population trends were established. Of the ten model taxa, the abundance decreased in four, increased in two, and remained at the same level in four. There is a correlation between changes in air temperature in the Primorskaya lowland of Dagestan with average annual fluctuations in the abundance of the model group of birds. The dynamics of the number of migrating shorebird populations is determined by hydroclimate cycles, anthropogenic factors, and foraging. It is recommended to introduce a temporary ban on the hunting withdrawal of lapwing, herbalist, snipe and black-tailed godwit until their populations recover steadily.
研究领域:
生态学
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鸟类学
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保护生物学
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气候生态学
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动物种群动态
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湿地生态学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHILDRENS LITERATURE IN EDUCATION
·
2019
·Vol. 51
·期 3
·411-429
·
IF 0
Guanio-Uluru Lykke
This article analyses the role of plants in three well publicised Nordic climate fictions for young adults: Memories of Water by Emmi Itäranta, originally published in 2012, The World According to Anna (2013) by Jostein Gaarder, and Bouvetøya 2052 (2015) by Lars Mæhle. Departing from the wider scholarly field of ecocritical theory, the study draws on the developing field of cultural plant studies to examine the role allocated to plants in these fictional depictions of climate change. The analysis is based on a quantitative counting and sorting of all references to plants in the analysed fictions. The aim of this exercise is to contribute to theoretical reflections on climate fiction (cli-fi) as a literary form and to say something about the kind of literary thinking with, and about, plants that currently informs (Nordic) climate fiction for young adults, given that plants are highly important to the global climate. While broadening the discussion of climate change fiction to include a consideration of plants, the article further contributes to theoretical reflection on cli-fi through its Nordic perspective. In dialogue with Adam Trexler’s work on Anglo-American climate change fiction, the Nordic fictions examined here display both similar and diverging patterns of engagement with climate change, something that highlights the importance of reflecting on the genre with reference to a wide spectrum of local literatures.
研究领域:
生态文学
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环境人文学
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当代文学研究
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青年文化研究
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气候变化与社会
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DOI
PLoS Pathogens
·
2023
·Vol. 19
·期 4
·e1011301
·
IF 6.7
Lina Cai,Mingqing Dang,Yawen Yang,Ruoxin Mei,Fan Li,Xiaorong Tao,Peter Palukaitis,Randy Beckett,W. Allen Miller,Stewart M. Gray,Yi Xu
Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV-RPV) encodes a P0 protein that functions as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR). The strength of silencing suppression is highly variable among CYDV-RPV isolates. In this study, comparison of the P0 sequences of CYDV-RPV isolates and mutational analysis identified a single C-terminal amino acid that influenced P0 RNA-silencing suppressor activity. A serine at position 247 was associated with strong suppressor activity, whereas a proline at position 247 was associated with weak suppressor activity. Amino acid changes at position 247 did not affect the interaction of P0 with SKP1 proteins from Hordeum vulgare (barley) or Nicotiana benthamiana . Subsequent studies found P0 proteins containing a P247 residue were less stable than the P0 proteins containing an S247 residue. Higher temperatures contributed to the lower stability and in planta and the P247 P0 proteins were subject to degradation via the autophagy-mediated pathway. A P247S amino acid residue substitution in P0 increased CYDV-RPV replication after expression in agroinfiltrated plant leaves and increased viral pathogenicity of P0 generated from the heterologous Potato virus X expression vector system. Moreover, an S247 CYDV-RPV could outcompete the P247 CYDV-RPV in a mixed infection in natural host at higher temperature. These traits contributed to increased transmission by aphid vectors and could play a significant role in virus competition in warming climates. Our findings underscore the capacity of a plant RNA virus to adapt to climate warming through minor genetic changes in gene-silencing suppressor, resulting in the potential for disease persistence and prevalence.
Climate change and extreme weather events pose an increased risk for crops to become infected with pathogens, which could severely affect global food security. However, the studies about the effects of climate change on plant virus diseases are still obscure. Yellow dwarf disease is one of the most important diseases of small grain cereals worldwide, which is caused by viruses belonging to the genera Luteovirus and Polerovirus . The gene encoding the P0 protein of poleroviruses has been reported to be the most rapidly evolving ORF of the Polerovirus genus. P0 functions as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR) and the strength of silencing suppression of P0 is highly variable among CYDV-RPV isolates. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism that determine P0 suppressor activity. Here, we identify a naturally occurring, single-amino-acid substitution in the CYDV-RPV P0 protein that enhances its protein stability to increasing thermal stress. This is the first study to identify a naturally occurring amino acid substitution in a plant virus-encoded protein that determines its adaption to increasing thermal stress. As climate change and extreme weather events occur frequently, we expect that our research can supply insight into how a plant RNA virus evolves to adapt climate change.
研究领域:
病毒学
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植物病理学
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气候科学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 9.3
Lin Fan,Shangshang Sun,Zhidan Zhang,Yanmei Qin,Peter Ruhdal Jensen,Chun You
In conjunction with the pressing global issue of climate change and the associated concern over global warming, increasing interest has emerged in the exploration of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a resource for the generation of a diverse array of products intended to serve societal needs. This study presents the development of an ATP-free and NAD-balanced in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem (ivSEB), which comprises only five cascade thermophilic enzymes, designed for the synthesis of L-malate through CO2 fixation powered by the utilization of D-glucose as a substrate. This designed ivSEB yields two moles of L-malate from one mole of D-glucose and two moles of CO2. Through meticulous refinement of reaction conditions and enzyme loading amounts, this ivSEB has demonstrated its capability to produce 6.85 mM of L-malate via CO2 fixation from an initial 5 mM of D-glucose with a molar product yield of 68.5%, and 2.45 mM of L-lactate as a byproduct. In the pursuit of assessing the industrial feasibility of this ivSEB, the study further subjected the system to the utilization of a high concentration (45.70 mM) of D-glucose. Although this endeavor necessitates additional optimization for enhanced efficiency, the present findings herald the emergence of an alternative avenue for the sustainable production of L-malate through CO2 fixation, thus bearing substantial promise for addressing ecological and industrial imperatives.
研究领域:
生物技术
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环境科学
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化学工程
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可持续化学
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酶学
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 14.7
Zhai Jianxin,Xia Zhanghui,Zhou Baowen,Wu Haihong,Xue Teng,Chen Xiao,Jiao Jiapeng,Jia Shuaiqiang,He Mingyuan,Han Buxing
Upcycling of CO 2 into fuels by virtually unlimited solar energy provides an ultimate solution for addressing the substantial challenges of energy crisis and climate change. In this work, we report an efficient nanostructured Ru/MnO x catalyst composed of well-defined Ru/MnO/Mn 3 O 4 for photo-thermal catalytic CO 2 hydrogenation to CH 4 , which is the result of a combination of external heating and irradiation. Remarkably, under relatively mild conditions of 200 °C, a considerable CH 4 production rate of 166.7 mmol g −1 h −1 was achieved with a superior selectivity of 99.5% at CO 2 conversion of 66.8%. The correlative spectroscopic and theoretical investigations suggest that the yield of CH 4 is enhanced by coordinating photon energy with thermal energy to reduce the activation energy of reaction and promote formation of key intermediate COOH* species over the catalyst. This work opens up a new strategy for CO 2 hydrogenation toward CH 4 .
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
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环境科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Energies
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 11
·2758
·
IF 3
Qi Liu,Yangwen Zhu,Hang Ye,Haiying Liao,Quanqi Dai,Michelle Tiong,Chenggang Xian,Dan Luo
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology has emerged as a pivotal measure in mitigating global climate change. Notably, CO2-EOR is esteemed for its dual function of sequestering CO2and enhancing oil recovery. However, this process presents challenges related to asphaltene deposition during CO2flooding, leading to reservoir damage, such as pore plugging. This study systematically manipulated the factors inducing CO2-induced asphaltene deposition, elucidating the mechanisms and magnitudes of asphaltene precipitation. Additionally, the study investigated the efficacy of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in mitigating asphaltene deposition. Experimental findings indicated a positive correlation between asphaltene deposition and level of asphaltene content, CO2injection ratio, and temperature. Moreover, with an increase in experimental pressure, the asphaltene deposition rate demonstrated an initial increase followed by a subsequent decline. Leveraging their favorable compatibility with asphaltene, CQDs effectively suppressed the aggregation behavior of asphaltene. In the presence of CQDs, the onset of asphaltene precipitation was delayed from 45 V% to 55 V%, with the highest inhibition rate reaching approximately 36% at an optimal CQD concentration of 20 mg/L. This study proposes a novel approach to address asphaltene deposition issues in CO2-EOR processes, contributing to the enhancement of recovery rates in low-permeability reservoirs.
研究领域:
石油工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Shasha Fang,Yue Geng,Lu Wang,Jun Zeng,Shimin Zhang,Yucheng Wu,Xiangui Lin
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent pollutants that may undergo microbial-mediated debromination in anoxic environments, where diverse anaerobic microbes such as methanogenic archaea co-exist. However, current understanding of the relations between PBDE pollution and methanogenic process is far from complete. To address this knowledge gap, a series of anaerobic soil microcosms were established. BDE-47 (2, 2′, 4, 4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether) was selected as a model pollutant, and electron donors were supplied to stimulate the activity of anaerobes . Debromination and methane production were monitored during the 12 weeks incubation, while obligate organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRBs), methanogenic, and the total bacterial communities were examined at week 7 and 12. The results demonstrated slow debromination of BDE-47 in all microcosms, with considerable growth of Dehalococcoides and Dehalogenimonas over the incubation observed in most BDE-47 spiked treatments. In addition, the accumulation of intermediate metabolites positively correlated with the abundance of Dehalogenimonas at week 7, suggesting potential role of these OHRBs in debromination. Methanosarcinaceae were identified as the primary methanogenic archaea, and their abundance were correlated with the production of debrominated metabolites at week 7. Furthermore, it was observed for the first time that BDE-47 considerably enhanced methane production and increased the abundance of mcrA genes, highlighting the potential effects of PBDE pollution on climate change. This might be related to the inhibition of reductive N- and S-transforming microbes, as revealed by the quantitative microbial element cycling (QMEC) analysis. Overall, our findings shed light on the intricate interactions between PBDE and methanogenic processes, and contribute to a better understanding of the environmental fate and ecological implication of PBDE under anaerobic settings.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
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生态学
·
土壤学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 36
·期 5
·2304910
·
IF 29.4
Weihao Meng,Augustinus J. J. Kragt,Yingtao Gao,Eleonora Brembilla,Xiaowen Hu,Julia S. van der Burgt,Albertus P. H. J. Schenning,Tillmann Klein,Guofu Zhou,Eric R. van den Ham,Longfei Tan,Laifeng Li,Jingxia Wang,Lei Jiang
The adaptive control of sunlight through photochromic smart windows could have a huge impact on the energy efficiency and daylight comfort in buildings. However, the fabrication of inorganic nanoparticle and polymer composite photochromic films with a high contrast ratio and high transparency/low haze remains a challenge. Here, a solution method is presented for the in situ growth of copper-doped tungsten trioxide nanoparticles in polymethyl methacrylate, which allows a low-cost preparation of photochromic films with a high luminous transparency (luminous transmittance T lum = 91%) and scalability (30 × 350 cm 2 ). High modulation of visible light (Δ T lum = 73%) and solar heat (modulation of solar transmittance Δ T sol = 73%, modulation of solar heat gain coefficient ΔSHGC = 0.5) of the film improves the indoor daylight comfort and energy efficiency. Simulation results show that low-e windows with the photochromic film applied can greatly enhance the energy efficiency and daylight comfort. This photochromic film presents an attractive strategy for achieving more energy-efficient buildings and carbon neutrality to combat global climate change.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源效率
·
建筑技术
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2022
·
IF 11.072
Maofei Ni,Yongmei Ma,Zhikang Wang,Xiaodan Wang,Sixi Zhu
Lakes and artificial reservoirs present as funnels for global and regional carbon cycling. However, limited information is available about dissolved organic carbon (DOC) bioavailability , especially for its trophic controls and compositional transformations in widely distributed karst waters. Here we examined DOC biodegradation (%BDOC), temperature sensitivity (Q 10 value), nutrients and their stoichiometric ratios, as well as DOC composition over a 28-day laboratory incubation experiment in karst lakes and reservoirs. Fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–Visible spectroscopy were employed to trace DOC variability. We found that %BDOC ranged between 1.17% and 66.6% (median: 30.1%) at 15 °C and 5.95%–68.5% (median: 31.0%) at 30 °C, respectively. The Q 10 values were mainly distributed between 0.75 and 1.50, suggesting a large amount of degraded substrate with low activation energy. Aquatic DOC and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were tightly linked to the %BDOC, whereas significant phosphorus (P) limitation (TDN:TD P > 25) did not induce discernible correlations. Carbohydrates as a dominant contributor to biodegradable DOC (BDOC) largely drove DOC remineralization . The incomplete degradation of humic-like fractions increased the relative abundance of fulvic acid , tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like fractions. A distinctive mode as biological utilization of extreme active and inactive components could be summarized in the karst lakes and reservoirs. These findings hope to supplement special mechanisms of DOC transformation and fate in the context of climate change mitigation for the UN Sustainable Development Goals .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水生生态学
·
碳循环
·
水资源管理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
·
2025
·
IF 8.4
Liu Jiangping,Ran Zhu,Hu Yanan,He Dedong,Ye Can,Lu Keding,Wang Haichao,Li Shuai,Lu Xiao,Zhang Jingwei,Huang Zhijiong,Zheng Junyu,Wang Xinming,Luo Yongming,Gligorovski Sasho
Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNs), widely deployed in agriculture, are now recognized as pervasive environmental contaminants. This study reveals that the photochemical degradation of nitenpyram (NPM), a prominent NN, in the aqueous phase generates substantial fluxes of gaseous reactive nitrogen species, including nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO 2 ). Reaction pathways, elucidated through aqueous and gas-phase product analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, demonstrate that HONO, NO 2 , and NO arise directly from the excited triplet state of NPM. Global modeling, parameterized by laboratory-derived kinetics, estimates annual emissions of 71.2 Gg N yr −1 (NOx) and 40.7 Gg N yr −1 (HONO) from NPM photodegradation. These emissions elevate boundary-layer concentrations of HONO, ozone (O 3 ), and OH by 0.54%, 0.11%, and 0.20%, respectively, globally. Our findings uncover a significant, yet overlooked, source of reactive nitrogen that perturbs global nitrogen cycling, amplifies atmospheric oxidative capacity, and influences climate dynamics.
研究领域:
环境化学
·
大气科学
·
光化学
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气候变化
·
农业污染
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）