IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT
·
2021
·Vol. 57
·期 3
·372-379
·
IF 2.252
Li Xiuyu,Zhang Zijie,Ren Yunhui,Feng Yue,Guo Qi,Dong Li,Sun Yuhan,Li Yun
Tetraploid black locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia L.) has advantages over diploid varieties in growth and stress resistance. Previous studies had shown that tetraploid black locust can be induced only by treating shoot tips of the germinating seeds with colchicine. In order to establish a simpler and more efficient tetraploid induction method in black locust, we induced tetraploid plants by treating the hypocotyls from in vitro –grown seedlings with different concentrations of colchicine, and then provided a method for tetraploid identification based on stomatal size and density in this study. The highest induction efficiency was 53.33% by treating hypocotyl explants with 70 mg·L −1 colchicine for 2 d. Tetraploid black locust was significantly different from diploid in morphological characteristics. Leaf area, leaf thickness, chlorophyll content, stomatal length, and stomatal width were greater in tetraploid plants than in diploid plants, whereas the opposite was true for leaf aspect ratio, stomatal index, and stomatal density. The differences in stomatal size and density between diploid and tetraploid were nearly two times; therefore, size and density of stomata can be used as a stable and distinct marker to rapidly screen tetraploids. The results of this study suggested that the hypocotyl was an ideal material to induce tetraploid black locust in vitro and confirmed that stomatal size and density could be an effective and reliable marker to identify ploidy level in black locust.
研究领域:
植物科学
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生物技术
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLANT SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.1
Ruilan Ran,Xiaofeng Li,Jiwei Zhang,Jiecai Zhao,Xin Zhao,Xiaoyun Cui,Guoxiong Chen,Pengshan Zhao
Sand rice ( Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq.), a species of Amaranthaceae sensu lato , is an annual psammophyte found mainly on sand dunes in arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia. Trichomes on the leaf surface are a key adaptive feature of sand rice, however, their ecophysiological functions remain to be elucidated. In this study, the anatomical analysis of a leaf reveals that the foliage is characterized by its isobilateral and amphistomatic nature. Together with an average δ 13 C value of −28.57 ‰, these findings indicate that sand rice is a C 3 plant. Utilizing a trichome-defective mutant ( Agriophyllum squarrosum trichomeless1 , astcl1 ) identified from an EMS mutagenesis library by our group, alongside the wild type Shapotou (SPT), we observed that both epidermal surfaces on SPT leaves exhibit dense and dendritic trichomes, forming rough leaf boundary layers. Chlorophyll leaching analysis revealed that SPT has a higher epidermal permeability, with 86.32 % of chlorophylls leaching out within 30 minutes, compared to only 24.18 % for astcl1 . The astcl1 leaf displayed a higher leaf wettability, lower water loss, and thicker cuticle compared to SPT leaves, which may be associated with trichomes serving as the primary pathway for nonstomatal water movement. This is supported by the observation that toluidine blue staining is more intense in trichomes than in pavement cells. Our findings reveal that the correlation between trichomes and the cuticle appears to be a critical factor in managing water loss and overall plant hydration, highlighting the significant role of trichomes in the adaptation of sand rice to desert environments.
研究领域:
植物学
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生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Jiguang Huang,Haiping Chen,Jihao Yang,Tian Zhou,Heng Zhang
Recycling fly ash for ceramic membrane fabrication not only reduces solid waste discharge, but also decreases the membrane cost. Now, fly ash is becoming a promising substitute material for ceramic membrane preparation. A significant difference between fly ashes from different plants is the particle size, which makes performances of fly ash membranes unpredictable. The novelty of this work is to clarify the effects of the particle size of fly ash on ceramic membranes, thereby giving practical suggestions on fly ash selection for ceramic membrane preparation. Ceramic membranes were fabricated with different sizes of fly ashes. Effects of particle size on porosity, pore size, microstructure, mechanical strength and gas permeability of the membrane were investigated. Results indicate that a broader particle size distribution of fly ash leads to a denser structure of membrane with a lower porosity. Pore size and gas permeability of membrane increase while bending strength decreases with the particle size increasing. Bending strength of a fly ash membrane is largely determined by large particles in the fly ash because the large particles lead to cracks in the membrane. This work provides experimental bases for developing high performance ceramic membranes from fly ash.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Tingting Luo,Yinbo Zhao,Kunkun Fu,Xiaoyu Cui,Biqiong Chen
Two-point initiation of frontal polymerizations (FPs) is a highly promising approach to enhance the curing efficiency of epoxy resins. However, the mechanical properties may be compromised due to the void accumulation at the merging interface. In this study, we proposed a two-point FP strategy for the rapid and energy-efficient manufacturing of epoxy resins without compromising their mechanical properties. First, density function theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the microscopic mechanism of FP. The voids and chemical composition of the merger by two-point FPs were characterized by X-ray micro-computed tomography and thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, aiming to comprehend the frontal characteristics and mechanical properties of the cured epoxy resins. The results revealed that high temperature generated during FP led to intense resin pyrolysis, resulting in significant gas formation (e.g. CO 2 ) at high initiator concentration. These gas products became trapped at the merger as columnar-like voids, thereby compromising the mechanical properties of cured epoxy resins. Finally, we established a processing window for efficient fabrication of high-performance epoxy resins by simultaneously tailoring the number of initiation points, initiator concentration and initial resin temperature. The results demonstrated this strategy could significantly reduce curing time and enhanced energy efficiency without sacrificing mechanical performance of epoxy resins compared to conventional techniques.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
·
2018
·Vol. 32
·期 2
·
IF 3.588
Dandan Zhang,Caijuan Tian,Kangquan Yin,Wenyi Wang,Jin-Long Qiu
Stomata are leaf pores that regulate gas exchange and water transpiration in response to environmental cues. They also function in innate immunity by limiting pathogen entry through actively closing in so-called stomatal defense. However, roles of stomata in plant disease resistance are not fully elucidated, especially in monocots. Here, we report that non–race specific resistance of the rice abscisic acid-deficient mutant Osaba1 to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is due to increased stomatal conductance. Reducing stomatal conductance in the Osaba1 mutant increases its susceptibility to X. oryzae pv. oryzae . Artificial opening of stomata in wild-type plants leads to enhanced resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae . The rice mutant es1-1 with constitutively higher stomatal conductance exhibits strong resistance to X. oryzae pv. oryzae . Additionally, Osaba1 and es1-1 are resistant to X. oryzae pv. oryzicola . The data support that open stomata confer postinvasive resistance against bacterial pathogens in rice, and such resistance probably results from decreased leaf water potential. Our findings reveal a novel role of stomata in plant immunity through modulation of leaf water status, which provides physiological insight into the interactions between plant, pathogen, and environment.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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植物病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CURRENT BIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xueyi Xue,Lu Wang,Aobo Huang,Zehao Liu,Xiaoyu Guo,Yuying Sang,Jian-Kang Zhu,Huiling Xue,Juan Dong
In Arabidopsis , stomatal development and patterning require tightly regulated cell division and cell-fate differentiation that are controlled by key transcription factors and signaling molecules. To identify new regulators of stomatal development, we assay the transcriptomes of plants bearing enriched stomatal lineage cells that undergo active division. A member of the novel regulators at the plasma membrane (NRPM) family annotated as hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins was identified to highly express in stomatal lineage cells. Overexpressing each of the four NRPM genes suppressed stomata formation, while the loss-of-function nrpm triple mutants generated severely overproduced stomata and abnormal patterning, mirroring those of the erecta receptor family and MAPKKK yoda null mutants. Manipulation of the subcellular localization of NRPM1 surprisingly revealed its regulatory roles as a peripheral membrane protein instead of a predicted cell wall protein. Further functional characterization suggests that NRPMs function downstream of the EPF1/2 peptide ligands and upstream of the YODA MAPK pathway. Genetic and cell biological analyses reveal that NRPM may promote the localization and function of the ERECTA receptor proteins at the cell surface. Therefore, we identify NRPM as a new class of signaling molecules at the plasma membrane to regulate many aspects of plant growth and development.
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.057
Wenmin Zhang,Kang Guan,Defang Liu,Cheng Peng,Jianqing Wu
Ceramic membranes play an important role in high temperature gas-solid filtration. However, the thermal stability of the ceramic support at high temperatures has always been a problem. In this study, porous fused silica ceramic supports were fabricated with hexagonal boron nitride as a sintering aid. The results shown that hexagonal boron nitride could inhibit the crystallization of fused silica ceramic particles at high temperature and act as a sintering addictive to reduce firing temperature. The obtained supports have an average pore size of 72 µm, an open porosity of 42%, a bending strength of 16.5 MPa, a Weibull modulus of 8.67 and a gas permeability of 4.23 × 10 5 m 3 /(m 2 h bar). The bending strength of the support remained 16 MPa after 30 cold-hot cycles, exhibiting high thermal shock resistance . After corrosion in 20 vol% H 2 SO 4 solution for 8 h, the weight and the bending strength of the support were diminished by 0.6% and 24.32%, respectively. So, the ceramic support showed good acid corrosion resistance .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2018
·
IF 3.677
Jia Honglei,Chen Sisi,Liu Dan,Liesche Johannes,Shi Cong,Wang Juan,Ren Meijuan,Wang Xiaofeng,Yang Jun,Shi Wei,Li Jisheng
A number of recent studies identified hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an important signal in plant development and adaptation to environmental stress. H2S has been proven to participate in ethylene-induced stomatal closure, but how the signaling pathways of H2S and ethylene interact is still unclear. Here, we reveal how H2S controls the feedback-regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under osmotic stress. We found that ethylene induced the production of H2S in guard cells. The supply of hypotaurine (HT; a H2S scavenger) or DL-pro-pargylglycine (PAG; a synthetic inhibitor of H2S) removed the effect of ethylene or osmotic stress on stomatal closure. This suggests that ethylene-induced H2S is a downstream component of osmotic stress signaling, which is required for ethylene-induced stomatal closure under osmotic stress. We further found that H2S inhibited ethylene synthesis through inhibiting the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidases (ACOs) by persulfidation. A modified biotin-switch method (MBST) showed that H2S can induce persulfidation of LeACO1 and LeACO2 in a dose-dependent manner, and that persulfidation inhibits the activity of LeACO1 and LeACO2. We also found that LeACO1 is persulfidated at cysteine 60. These data suggested that ethylene-induced H2S negatively regulates ethylene biosynthesis by persulfidation of LeACOs. In addition, H2S was also found to inhibit the expression of LeACO genes. The results provide insight on the general mode of action of H2S and contribute to a better understanding of a plant’s response to osmotic stress.
研究领域:
植物生理学
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胁迫生物学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2017
·
IF 3.133
Jianbing Song,Kaixin Song,Jinsheng Wei,Huixin Lin,Junming Xu,Jun Wu,Weitao Su
Apatite structure of CaLa 4 Si 3 O 13 ceramics was prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction route. The Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and analysis of scanning electron microscope images demonstrated that CaLa 4 Si 3 O 13 belonged to a hexagonal structure with space group of P 6 3 / m (No. 176) and grew in a shape of hexagonal prism. The effects of crystallinity, porosity, grain morphology, grain size distribution, and oxygen vacancy on the microwave dielectric properties were investigated in detail as a function of sintering temperature . The existence of Oxygen vacancies and the stretching and bending modes of SiO 4 tetrahedral units were discussed by Raman spectra. Excellent microwave dielectric properties were obtained with ε r = 14.5, Q × f = 31,100 GHz (at 9.05 GHz), τ f = −22 ppm/°C, indicating possible potential applications for microwave substrate applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Open Life Sciences
·
2024
·Vol. 19
·期 1
·
IF 1.7
Muqing Ma,Jinbao Gu,Zhen-Yu Wang
As a gateway for gas exchange, pores regulate the transport of air and water in carbon assimilation, respiration, and transpiration to quickly adapt to environmental changes. Therefore, the study of stomatal movement characteristics of plants is helpful to strengthen the understanding of the mechanism of plant response to multi-environmental stress, and can improve the function of plant resistance to stresses. The stomatal movement of Arabidopsis leaves was observed by staining the stomata with rhodamine 6G, but this method has not been reported in other plant leaf stomata studies. Taking cassava as an example, the correlation between cassava stomatal movement and cassava response to stress was observed by using and improving the staining method. Rhodamine 6G is a biological stain widely used in cell biology and molecular biology. It was found that 1 μM rhodamine 6G could stain the stomata of cassava without affecting stomatal movement ( n = 109, p < 0.05). In addition, we proposed that stomata fixed with 4% concentration of formaldehyde after staining were closest to the stomatal morphology of cassava epidermis, so as to observe stomatal movement under different environmental stresses more accurately. Previous methods of measuring stomatal pore size by autofluorescence of cell wall needs to fix the cells for 6 h, but Rhodamine staining can only be observed in 2 min, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency. Compared with the traditional exfoliation method (e.g., Arabidopsis ), this method can reduce the damage of the leaves and observe the stomata of the whole leaves more completely, so that the experimental results are more complete. In addition, the method enables continuous leaf processing and observation. Using this method, we further compared four different cassava varieties (i.e., KU50, SC16, SC8, and SC205) and found that there are differences in stomatal density (SD) among cassava varieties, and the difference in the SD directly affects the stress resistance of cassava ( n = 107, p < 0.001). This finding has important implications for studying the mechanism of plant response to environmental stress through stomata.
研究领域:
植物学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Advanced Materials Interfaces
·
2015
·Vol. 2
·期 16
·1500285
·
IF 0
Lian-Wei Wu,Ling-Shu Wan,Yang Ou,Liang-Wei Zhu,Zhi-Kang Xu
Isoporous separation membranes have received considerable attention because of the high-resolution performance and energy-saving characteristics. Isoporous membranes prepared by the breath figure method rely on special substrates such as water and ice because solid substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate films, which are widely used in commercial processes, often lead to nonthrough pores. In this work, it is found that highly ordered through-pore membranes can be fabricated on hydrophilic glass surface when using polymers that are able to form ordered membranes at low concentrations. On the basis of this finding, a facile strategy is proposed to fabricate isoporous membranes on various solid substrates by introducing a water-soluble polymer interlayer. The multifunctional interlayer promotes the spreading of membrane-forming solutions, enables the formation of through pores, and simplifies the transfer to macroporous supports to form composite membranes. The versatility of the proposed strategy is verified by using different substrates including highly hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene film and using different water-soluble polymers as the interlayer. Furthermore, the high-resolution separation performance of the isoporous composite membranes has been demonstrated by the filtration of yeasts under gravitational pressure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Ya-Ru Wu,Jun-Hong He,Li-Jin Cheng,Jia-Min Wu,Yu-Sheng Shi
Porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics are widely used in the aerospace field due to its lightweight, high-strength, and high wave transmission. Traditional manufacturing methods are difficult to fabricate complex structural and functional ceramic parts. In this paper, selective laser sintering (SLS) technology was applied to prepare porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics using AlN as an inorganic binder. And the effects of AlN content on the properties of the obtained ceramic samples were explored. As the AlN content increased, nano-Al 2 O 3 and nano-SiO 2 formed the eutectic liquid phase, enhancing the sintering densification and phase transformation of Si 3 N 4 poly-hollow microspheres (PHMs). The island-like partial densification structures in Si 3 N 4 green bodies increased. During the high-temperature sintering, the eutectic liquid phase partially transformed into the mullite phase or reacted with AlN and Si 3 N 4 to form the Sialon phase. With the increase of AlN content, the fracture mode of Si 3 N 4 ceramics changed from fracturing along PHMs to fracturing across PHMs. The bonding depth between PHMs increased and the connection between the grains was tighter, so the Si 3 N 4 ceramics became denser. With the increase of AlN addition, the total porosity of the porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics tended to decrease and the flexural strength gradually increased. When AlN content was 20 wt%, the total porosity and the flexural strength were 33.6% and 23.9 MPa, respectively. The addition of AlN inorganic binder was carried out to develop a novel way to prepare high-performance porous Si 3 N 4 ceramics by SLS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）