ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2025
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IF 8.2
Wenchao Niu,Jing Li,Jia Wang,Yujie Li
Single-crystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo1–x–yO2 (SNCM, x ≥ 0.8) materials are regarded as next-generation cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, SNCM cathodes show readily low structural stability due to surface reconstruction and irreversible strain evolution during cycling at high voltages. Here, we demonstrate that Y2O3 material incorporated into SNCM cathodes forms an epitaxial entropy-assisted surface layer, which acts as a highly compatible region to facilitate Li-ion transmission, suppress interface reaction and transition metal dissolution. Meanwhile, soluble Al ions are uniformly distributed in the SNCM lattice and combine with the surface Y–O bond, forming a pillaring effect to restrain irreversible strain evolution, eventually prevent the formation of gliding and nanocracks during high-voltage cycling. As a result, the SNCM cathode with a Y2O3 surface and Al doping shows a high specific discharge capacity of 210.5 mAh·g–1 at 1 C within 2.75–4.4 V and a capacity retention of 86.6% after 100 cycles. This study offers a new insight into the design of a strain-retardant method for obtaining single-crystalline Ni-rich cathode materials with high performance.
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TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
·
2026
·Vol. 36
·期 1
·309-322
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IF 5.5
Hong-fei WU,Xiao-lin PAN,Ji-long LIU,Feng QIU,Tun HE,Hai-yan YU
To synergistically recover alumina and alkali from red mud (RM), the structural stability and conversion mechanism of hydroandradite (HA) from hydrogarnet (HG) were investigated via the First-principles, XRF, XRD, PSD and SEM methods, and a novel hydrothermal process based on the conversion principle was finally proposed. The crystal structure simulation shows that the HA with varied silicon saturation coefficients is more stable than HG, and the HA with a high iron substitution coefficient is more difficult to be converted from HG. The (110) plane of Fe 2 O 3 is easier to combine with HG to form HA, and the binding energy is 81.93 kJ/mol. The effects of raw material ratio, solution concentration and hydrothermal parameters on the conversion from HG to HA were revealed, and the optimal conditions for the alumina recovery were obtained. The recovery efficiencies of alumina and Na 2 O from the RM are 63.06% and 97.34%, respectively, and the Na 2 O content in the treated RM is only 0.13%.
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Minerals
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·94
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IF 2.2
Xiaoxu Yan,Suwei Yue,Zida Tong,Yuzhi Zhang,Yun Wu
Topaz is one of the most economically important fluorine-rich nesosilicates, which are predominantly colorless in natural crystals. Hence, the trade relies almost entirely on irradiated blue topaz with an unstable color center, which has been shown to fade over time. The cobalt (Co) diffusion treatment is a stable alternative process for converting colorless topaz to blue by a solid-state diffusion mechanism. To investigate the potential role of Co2+substitution in the formation of the blue layer and the coupled behavior of F/OH dehydroxylation in facilitating this process, systematic diffusion treatments have been successfully conducted and compared. In this study, gem-quality topazes were annealed in air at 1000 °C for 20–40 h (hr) along with CoO, Fe2O3, Cr2O3, and CuO powders. The diffused products were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Ultraviolet-Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Near-Mid Infrared spectroscopy (NMIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Parallel runs with CuO, Fe2O3, or Cr2O3alone confirmed that none of these oxides produces a stable blue layer, underscoring the unique role of Co. The Co-diffused sample displays an intense blue layer characterized by a Co2+octahedral isomorphism triplet at 540, 580, and 630 nm, which are absent from both untreated and heat-only controls. XPS analysis reveals the emergence of Co2+(binding energy: 780.63 eV) and a concomitant depletion in F−, along with the disappearance of the OH overtone absorption at 7123 cm−1. These observations confirm that defluorination generates octahedral vacancies accommodated by the coupled substitution: CoF2(solid reactant) + (AlO2)−(fragment of topaz structure) → AlOF (solid product) + (CoOF)−(fragment of topaz structure). Prolonged annealing leads to decreased relative atomic percentages of K+and F−ions, consistent with volatilization losses during the high-temperature process, thereby directly correlating color intensity with cobalt valence state, which transfers from Co2+to Co3+. These findings establish a Co-incorporation chronometer for F–rich aluminosilicate systems, with an optimal annealing time of approximately 20 hr at 1000 °C. Furthermore, the above results demonstrate that the color mechanism in nesosilicate gems is simultaneously governed by volatile release and cation availability.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 9.7
Yifan Duan,Xin Zhang,Zhanpeng Xu,Haifang Shi,Weichao Zou,Qiang Liu,Feng Zhang,Zhecun Wang
Efficient and rapid cleanup of offshore oil spills remains a significant global challenge, primarily due to the high viscosity and low fluidity of most crude oils. Herein, a functional engineered Janus copper foam, integrating special asymmetric wettability and efficient photothermal properties, is constructed via a controllable surface/interface engineering strategy. The surface temperature of the copper foam rises rapidly under light irradiation, thereby reducing the viscosity of the contacting crude oil in situ. Simultaneously, the special oleophobic/oleophilic asymmetric wettability generates a strong internal driving force via a surface energy gradient, which facilitates the unidirectional transport of crude oil. By combining directional transport with photothermal properties, this engineered Janus system enables rapid adsorption and collection of offshore crude oil. Furthermore, integrated with a peristaltic pump to form a “self-heating vacuum cleaner” system, the photothermal Janus copper foam achieves continuous and efficient cleanup of crude oil from seawater.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 12.1
Yanzhi Cai,Mingxing Chen,Laifei Cheng,Hongfeng Yin,Siyu Guo,Yibing Yuan,Shaoxiong Ren,Zixuan Yu,Yalong Chai,Xue Huang
Single-crystalline ultra-fine sized LiNi x Co y Al 1-x-y O 2 (NCA) features stable Al─O bonds and crack-resistantance due to no grain boundaries, exhibiting excellent long charge–discharge cycle stability as a lithium-ion battery cathode. With flexible electronics growing, flexible energy storage materials are urgently needed. However, preparing single-crystalline ultra-fine NCA particles and assembling them into a self-supported superflexible cathode is still a tough challenge. Here, submicron-sized Ni-rich LiNi 0.89 Co 0.09 Al 0.02 O 2 single-crystals were made via a molten-salt-assisted high-temperature solid-phase method with lithium added during annealing. Then, they were combined with carbon nanotubes by directional pressure filtration to form a superflexible porous hybrid buckypaper (BP). Under O 2 , sintering at 750°C for 15 h with 1.03 Li addition and annealing with a Li source at 750°C for 5 h gave the optimal submicron-sized NCA single crystals. The BP could curl around a 2 mm-radius rod, bend 180°, knot without damage, and had 9.59 MPa tensile strength. In a lithium-ion battery, at 1C, its initial and 200-cycle capacities were respectively 192.27 and 179.3 mAh/g (93.2% retention); at 5C, respectively 135.4 and 132.9 mAh/g (98% retention). This work offers a new idea for self-supported flexible cathode construction.
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Nature Nanotechnology
·
2026
·
IF 37.5
Jin Ruo-Xi,Lei Xincheng,Su Xiao-Chuan,Zhang Xing,Zhao Yao,Qi Xiaodong,Lu Zhuo-Ya,Zhang Xu-Sheng,Zhang Yu-Ying,Zhang Jin,Yuan Qingxi,Zhang Jing,Zheng Lirong,Guo Yu-Jie,Xin Sen,Su Dong,Wen Rui,Wan Li-Jun,Guo Yu-Guo
The Fe( III )|Fe( IV ) redox couple in iron-containing Na layered oxides enables high-capacity, cost-effective positive electrodes. However, although a high iron content (when the Fe concentration exceeds 33 at.% on transition metal layers) leads to rapid capacity decay during battery cycling, the underlying mechanism of this detrimental behaviour remains unclear. Here we report that the electrochemomechanical failure mechanism in Fe-rich Na layered oxides is related to the stability of the Fe octahedral coordination environment at the nanoscale. Fe-ion migration and dissolution govern the formation of intragranular microcracking in the positive electrode active material particles, accompanied by dislocations and an uneven distribution of mechanical stress. Driven by the non-uniform strain field, microcracks proliferate and planar gliding occurs, resulting in a stepped surface. By nanoscale doping with Al( III ) (1 at.%), Y( III ) (1 at.%) and Co( III ) (3 at.%), we inhibit the Fe-ion migration and dissolution, thereby reducing cracks and planar gliding. Using the multi-element nanoscale-doped iron-rich sodium layered oxide at the positive electrode and a hard-carbon-based negative electrode, we assembled and tested 2.7-Ah Na-ion pouch cells showing an initial specific energy of 121 Wh kg −1 (based on the total mass of the cell) at 26 mA g −1 , and a discharge capacity retention of 83.4% after 2,000 cycles at 130 mA g −1 at 25 °C.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Shengxin Li,Yeku Wang,Junchi Wang,Fan Chen,Yunqi Guo,Bo Zhao,Nan Sheng,Chunyu Zhu
The redox metal oxide Ca 2 AlMnO 5+δ (CAMO) has excellent oxygen storage and thermal storage properties. However, its widespread application is limited by the high cost of raw materials and the complexity of preparation techniques. This study reports an economical preparation route for CAMO via a solid-state reaction method, utilizing low-cost CaCO 3 , Al(OH) 3 , and MnCO 3 as raw materials. Furthermore, a continuous pelleting technique is developed and optimized to facilitate future industrial production. The CAMO spherical pellets with a diameter of 3 mm demonstrate good redox activity within the temperature range of 723.15-923.15 K, specifically achieving an oxygen storage capacity of 1653.6 μmol-O/g and a gravimetric heat storage density of 318.48 J/g. In addition, the spherical pellets possess good compressive strength, with a compressive load of 214.3 N for the 3 mm pellets used in the subsequent kinetic and cycling studies. The oxidation reaction process is governed by the Jander equation model and the Exponential law model, and the corresponding mechanism-related activation energy determined by the Phadnis method is 196.22 kJ/mol. Even after hundreds of cycles, the spherical pellets exhibit minimal performance degradation, with structural integrity and dimensional stability remaining well preserved. These findings demonstrate that the CAMO thermochemical spherical pellets, prepared via the continuously developed and optimized pelleting technique in this study, possess strong reactivity and high compressive strength, and can be directly applied to CSP reactors. This process achieves air separation while storing heat, thereby improving overall energy utilization efficiency and contributing to the development of carbon neutrality technologies.
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RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 5.7
Li Min,Guo Jiayao,Li Xianmei,Zheng Jialin,Yang Weimin,Luo Zhuang,Zhu Wenye
Background Asthma is a highly heterogeneous chronic respiratory disease, and accumulating evidence indicates a role for pyroptosis in its pathogenesis. However, few studies have identified pyroptosis-related asthma subtypes or systematically evaluated the role of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in asthma. Methods We utilized GSE137268 to conduct Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) to assess pyroptosis enrichment scores in patients with asthma compared to healthy controls. We then confirmed the differences in pyroptosis levels in murine asthma models. Next, we grouped asthma cases from the dataset using consensus clustering based on the PRG expression profiles. We used Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) to analyze the biological functions and immune status of each subgroup. We constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to identify hub genes within these subtypes, and subsequently validated these genes using an independent dataset, GSE45111. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to assess the discriminatory capacity of hub genes. Results Asthma samples exhibited significantly higher pyroptosis enrichment scores than control samples. The expression of IL-1β, IL-18 and GSDMD-N was elevated in murine asthma models. We identified two pyroptosis-related asthma subtypes: Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. Cluster 1 exhibited heightened inflammation, manifesting as eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and mixed granulocytic phenotypes, while Cluster 2 was linked to paucigranulocytic asthma with reduced inflammation. Analyses of GO, KEGG, and ssGSEA revealed clear differences in biological functions and immune profiles between the two subtypes. The PPI network analysis identified five hub genes: IL1B , TLR2 , MMP9 , ICAM1 , and NLRP3 . Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses further indicated the discriminative power of these five genes in distinguishing Cluster 1 from Cluster 2. Clustering analysis in GSE45111 produced results consistent with those from GSE137268. Conclusions Aberrant pyroptosis is associated with airway inflammation in asthma. The subtypes, identified based on PRG expression profiles, showed distinct clinical features, gene expression patterns, biological functions, and inflammatory profiles, suggesting a role for pyroptosis in asthma heterogeneity.
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TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.9
Xulong Cai,Qiaolan Xu,Tongjin Yin,Xia Li,Yan Cheng,Xiangning Li,Chuangli Hao
Allergens, a common trigger of asthma, can lead to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent DNA damage. However, the repair mechanism of DNA damage caused by oxidative stress in allergen-induced asthma is less known. We explored the mechanism by which topoisomerase 1 binding arginine/serine rich protein (TOPORS) regulates small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO1) modification of TOP1 to repair DNA damage induced by ovalbumin (OVA). We tested the expression level of TOP1 in asthmatic and healthy children. OVA-induced mouse asthma model was used for further validation. The level of SUMO1-TOP1 in macrophages was studied by immunoprecipitation. The expression of TOP1 was increased in asthmatic children. The expression of TOP1 and γ Histone 2AX (γH2AX) were increased in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. In OVA-induced macrophages, the levels of TOP1 and γH2AX were increased, while knockdown expression of TOP1 could reduce the level of γH2AX. The level of SUMO1-TOP1 in OVA-induced macrophages was increased. Interestingly, knockdown expression of TOPORS could reduce the levels of SUMO1-TOP1 in OVA-induced macrophages, while the levels of TOP1 and γH2AX were increased. Our results indicate that TOPORS regulates SUMO1 modification of TOP1 and plays an important role in the repair of DNA damage induced by OVA. DNA repair in asthma exacerbation could be a therapeutic target.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Yifan Ma,Xinyu Wei,Jiqun Li,Shiyu Song,Yan Zhang,Yujie Yin,Jianlin Yang
The fog-collection strategy has garnered widespread attention as a sustainable method to alleviate freshwater scarcity issues in severely arid regions. Janus membranes with asymmetric wettability can provide highly efficient fog-collection owing to their rapid fog-droplet condensation, efficient unidirectional water transport, and timely water droplet shedding. Nevertheless, the construction of Janus membranes with high fog-collection efficiency and excellent durability remains a major challenge. In this study, a facile two-step unilateral spraying strategy was employed to fabricate a Janus membrane (JM-AT) with asymmetric wettability and a cactus trichome-like structure. The cactus trichome-like structure on the hydrophilic (HL) surface consists of rod-like attapulgite (APT) fibers containing abundant hydroxyl groups and HL titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles, which increase the surface roughness and capillary force and thus significantly enhance wettability. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of the asymmetric wettability and cactus trichome-like structure, JM-AT exhibited an outstanding unidirectional water transport capability and efficient fog-collection (water-collection rate up to 9.74 g cm −2 h −1 ), and it maintained a stable water-collection rate even after 10 fog-collection cycles. In addition, the introduction of an aluminum phosphate inorganic binder allowed the APT and TiO 2 nanoparticles to be firmly adhered to the Cu mesh surface, which provided JM-AT with excellent mechanical and chemical stability. JM-AT prepared via this facile spraying method has considerable potential to alleviate freshwater scarcity issues in arid desert regions and support sustainable agricultural water-retention strategies.
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Smart Materials and Structures
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Pei Zhang,Zhaoxuan Du,Xiaoyan Huang,Lu Han,Jiaye Xie,Qi Li,Jinliang He
The durability of equipment insulated with polymers can deteriorate due to various types of mechanical and electrical damage encountered during operation. This accumulated damage can reduce the effectiveness of the insulation material, increasing the chances of failure in extreme cases. We implement a self-reporting approach based on microcapsules in silicone rubber that can autonomously detect damage resulting from electrical and mechanical impacts. The microcapsules can be ruptured directly through mechanical damage or by high-energy electron bombardment caused by electrical damage. Once ruptured, the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) contained within the microcapsules is released into the matrix. When DCF comes in contact with the alkaline substances within the matrix, the damaged region becomes discolored, displaying a red color. We determine the optimal microcapsule content by considering both the discoloration effect and the self-reporting sample's mechanical and electrical properties. This self-reporting material provides an autonomous alert to indicate and warn against damage resulting from electrical and mechanical sources, contributing to the reliable utilization of polymers.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Fangshan Li,Kaixiong Zhao,Yuchao Ke,Chun Yang,Bibo Wang,Fukai Chu,Weizhao Hu,Lei Song,Yuan Hu
Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is widely used in automotive and HVAC sealing systems, where its long-term thermal-oxidative stability and fire safety are critical, yet challenged by high-temperature operation and flammability risks. To address these limitations, this work develops a surface-engineered boron nitride synergist (h-BN@PDT) through NaOH-assisted hydroxylation and subsequent functionalization with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and tannic acid. The modified h-BN@PDT integrates phosphorus/nitrogen flame-retardant groups and radical-scavenging phenolic hydroxyls, achieving multifunctional enhancements in EPDM composites. Thermal-oxidative aging tests (125 °C, 168 h) demonstrated exceptional stability, with 11.12 MPa of tensile strength for aged h-BN@PDT/EPDM, compared to 2.78 MPa of traditional flame-retardant EPDM without BN fillers. Doubling oxidation induction time was attributed to enhanced thermal conductivity and pyrolysis activation energy, which contributed to BN’s oriented heat-transfer pathways and phenolic hydroxyl-mediated radical quenching. Flame retardancy evaluations revealed that h-BN@PDT can effectively replace partial conventional flame retardants while enabling the composite to achieve a UL-94 V-0 rating with only 25 phr of flame-retardant loading. Cone calorimetry tests demonstrated a significantly reduced heat and smoke release rate. Mechanistic studies identified that h-BN@PDT enhances flame retardancy through the synergistic effects of the lamellar barrier effect and promoted catalytic charring capability. These mechanisms effectively inhibit heat transfer, block the diffusion of pyrolysis products, and restrict oxygen access, thereby substantially improving the flame-retardant efficiency of conventional systems. This work resolves the inherent trade-offs among flame retardancy, aging resistance, and mechanical integrity in EPDM, offering a scalable strategy for next-generation sealing materials in electric vehicles and high-temperature engineering applications.
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