Energetic substances with layered crystal packing have been identified as the most promising next-generation high-energy materials (HEMs) due to their excellent insensitivity. The challenge, however, is how to design layered HEMs. In this study, a novel strategy called “acceptor–donor separation” was proposed to control the layer-by-layer stacking of energetic molecules through directional hydrogen boding: that is, a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor are located in different energetic segments and at least one of them has a conjugated planar structure, which will enable the energetic fragments to be infinitely extended in a two-dimensional plane to form a target layered structure. The experimental results showed that three exemplary substances designed by using this strategy possess the expected layered structures, which have been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, demonstrating the robustness of this strategy. Moreover, the three as-synthesized HEMs all exhibit excellent insensitivity (impact sensitivity IS > 40 J; friction sensitivity FS > 360 N), affording safety far beyond those of the most powerful HEMs in use today. Especially, the hydroxylammonium energetic salts possess good detonation performance (detonation velocity D = 8924 m s–1; detonation pressure P = 36.9 GPa) comparable to that of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), one of the most powerful high explosives in use today.
Yanze Liu,Hai Zhong,Biao Zhao,Youping Wu,Jianping Deng
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has emerged as a critical technology for anticounterfeiting and optical display applications due to its unique chiroptical properties. We report a multicolor CPL-emitting elastomeric film (P37/PSK@SiO2-PDMS) that synergistically combines chiral helical polyacetylene (P37) and a surface-engineered perovskite (PSK@SiO2) through hydrogen-bond-directed assembly. Confinement within the PDMS matrix drives P37 to self-assemble into a chiral supramolecular structure through hydrogen bonding, inducing a chiroptical inversion. Simultaneously, surface modification of PSK@SiO2 enhances its compatibility with PDMS while enabling efficient chirality and energy transfer from P37 via interfacial hydrogen bonds. The resulting material exhibits exceptional CPL performance, achieving a maximum dissymmetry factor of 4.3 × 10–2 and a high photoluminescence quantum yield up to 67%. The PDMS matrix not only stabilizes the PSK components but also enables reversible, strain-tunable CPL modulation through its elastomeric properties. This work establishes a hydrogen-bonding paradigm for designing high-performance chiral PSK materials, while demonstrating their potential for dynamic photonic applications.
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