JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Lihua Guo,Guoqiang Wang,Feng Zhang,Linyuan Lu,Bin Luo,Hongtao Huang,Jun Lin
The fissile fuel loss in tungsten (W) based ceramic-metal (Cermet) element used in nuclear thermal propulsion is of great importance. In this study, the W-Y 2 O 3 composite matrix was manufactured tentatively by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) to relieve the fuel loss. Performance evaluation of hydrogen (H 2 ) permeation and diffusion behaviors in the matrix was carried out by a gas permeation device. The results indicate that the diffusion coefficient of H 2 in the pure W matrix is nearly 10 times larger than that in the W-Y 2 O 3 matrix at a test temperature of 823 K. Based on the results, a careful investigation of the fuel loss mechanism of the Y 2 O 3 dispersed W matrix was performed. SEM and TEM showed that the fine Y 2 O 3 particles are distributed along grain boundaries of the W ternary-phase and present a distinct transition region of about 10 nm between the Y 2 O 3 and W phases. In particular, the crystallographic orientation relationship suggests that a semi-coherent structure is formed at the W/Y 2 O 3 phase interface : (0 1 −1) W || (1 0 −1) Y 2 O 3 and [0 1 1] W || [1 1 1] Y 2 O 3 . This semi-coherent structure is favorable for binding the two phases together tightly, thus hindering the inward diffusion of H 2 greatly. Moreover, the improved density and refined size of the W grains are achieved. Therefore, there is no doubt that the dispersion of Y 2 O 3 is beneficial for lowering the H 2 diffusion rate in the W matrix and thus reducing the fuel loss effectively. This work furthers our understanding of the key role of Y 2 O 3 in the W matrix used in nuclear thermal propulsion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2019
·Vol. 102
·期 11
·6863-6871
·
IF 3.094
Xiaojun Tan,Shoulei Xu,Xiangyu Wang,Fenhong Liu,Bernard A. Goodman,Dingkang Xiong,Wen Deng
Single crystals of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) doped with various concentrations of Sm 2 O 3 were synthesized by the optical floating zone method, and their structure and spectroscopic properties characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical absorption, and luminescence measurements. XRD showed that the cubic phase of ZrO 2 was stabilized by addition of Y 2 O 3 and a series of absorption peaks characteristic of Sm 3+ was detected by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Three phenomenological J-O oscillator strength parameters Ω t ( t = 2, 4, 6) were calculated to evaluate the local structure and bonding in the vicinity of the Sm 3+ for the 0.75 mol% Sm 2 O 3 : YSZ sample. These were in order of Ω 2 < Ω 4 < Ω 6 with values of Ω 2 = 5.46 × 10 −20 cm 2 , Ω 4 = 10.70 × 10 −20 cm 2 , and Ω 6 = 12.67 × 10 −20 cm 2 , and indicate a relatively high symmetry and low covalent character for the Sm-O bond at the Sm 3+ sites in the YSZ matrix. Photoluminescence spectra recorded under an excitation of 404 nm showed four emission bands centered at 571 nm, 621 nm, 652 nm, and 716 nm corresponding to the transitions 4 G 5/2 → 6 H j ( j = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, 11/2). The transition probability, lifetime, and branching ratio obtained from the emission spectrum of the 0.75 mol% Sm 2 O 3 : YSZ crystal showed that YSZ is a potential host for Sm 3+ to achieve a reddish-orange laser output, and the Sm 3+ -modified YSZ crystals have a possible use in reddish-orange laser and lighting devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Metals
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 11
·1288
·
IF 2.6
Tianzhu Mu,Fuxing Zhu,Yan Zhao,Haoyu Fang,Haohang Ji,Lei Gao
Titanium metal is primarily produced via the Kroll process, which is characterized by a semi-continuous production flow and a lengthy process cycle, resulting in high production costs. Researchers have explored alternative methods for titanium production, including molten salt electrolysis, such as the Fray–Farthing–Chen (FFC), Ono Suzuki (OS), and University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB) processes, aiming to achieve more economical production. Among these, the USTB process, a representative of soluble anode electrolysis, has shown significant promise. However, controlling oxygen concentration in titanium produced by soluble anode electrolysis remains a challenge. This study proposes a novel approach to enhance deoxidation efficiency in soluble anode electrolysis for titanium production by introducing yttrium chloride (YCl3) into the molten salt electrolyte. Thermodynamic analysis and experimental validation demonstrate that the theoretical deoxidation limit for titanium can reach below 100 ppm under Y/YOCl/YCl3equilibrium. We report the successful synthesis of titanium powder with an oxygen concentration of 6000 ppm from titanium-carbon-oxygen solid solution. Under optimized conditions, the purity of the titanium powder reached 99.42%, demonstrating a new approach for producing high-purity titanium. This method, based on soluble anode electrolysis, offers a potential alternative to the conventional Kroll process. The research elucidates the fabrication process and analytical methods for titanium-carbon-oxygen solid solution, and employs a combination of analytical techniques, including XRD, SEM-EDS, and ONH Analyzer, for characterization of the electrolytic product, encompassing phase analysis, microstructure, and oxygen concentration testing.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 220
·期 13
·2300087
·
IF 2
Zhou Zou,Dengwei Zhang,Arun Murali,Chaoyi Chen,Li Liu,Yuanpei Lan,Junshan Zhang,Fengyuan Liu,Zhiyao Chu,Deyang Ning,Junqi Li
Herein, size-controllable spherical yttrium carbonate powders with D 50 in range from 225 to 743 nm are synthesized from Y(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O and urea. With the rise of the concentration ratio of urea/Y 3+ , temperature, and extension of aging time, diameter of yttrium carbonate spheres increases. When the urea/Y 3+ is 40: 1 and ages for 4 h at 90 °C, the D 50 of synthesized powder, which has been determined as Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O, has the largest D 50 of 743 nm with (D 90 –D 10 )/2D 50 of 0.22. After decomposition, the D 50 of formed Y 2 O 3 decreases to 632 nm, the (D 90 –D 10 )/2D 50 is 0.24, and the D 50 of Y 2 O 3 is in the range of 126–632 nm. Then, 6 mol. % Eu 3+ is homogeneously doped into Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O and Y 2 O 3 : Eu 3+ spherical powder is obtained after roasting, which exhibits a strong emission peak at 613 nm. The developed synthetic method and the obtained size-controllable spherical Y(OH)CO 3 ·1.3H 2 O, Y 2 O 3 , and Y 2 O 3 : Eu 3+ with a uniform size distribution own various potential applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 22
·期 16
·5333-5344
·
IF 9.48
Juncheng Yang,Xiaoyong Li,Yu Cheng,Chao Fan,Cheng Pan,Benhua Huang,Xu Meng,Junjie Zhang,Aqun Zheng,Xiaomo Ma,Lina Guo,Rafael Luque,Weining Zhang,Yang Sun
The mono-dehydration of sugar alcohols such as D-sorbitol and D-mannitol generates 1,4-sorbitan and 1,4-mannitan, respectively, which are relevant platform molecules for the synthesis of detergents and pharmaceuticals. Most reported catalytic systems provided access to di-dehydrated products, while mono-dehydration required special efforts, particularly regarding selectivity and reaction temperature. A series of functionalized yttrium oxides were prepared via sol–gel synthesis in this work, which not only showed an interesting micropipe-like morphology, but also contained functional components. These materials were investigated as photocatalysts in the dehydration of D-sorbitol and D-mannitol, exhibiting high selectivity to mono-dehydration. The effects of solvent, temperature and catalyst were fully discussed. A catalytic mechanism was proposed based on the experimental results and calculations.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 0.931
Ming LI,Jing-Ye CHEN,Yu-Fei HU,Gong-Ke LI
By using nano TiO 2 -Y 2 O 3 as catalyst, cataluminescence (CTL) phenomenon of propylene oxide (PO) was studied, and it was found that the sensor has high sensitivity and good selectivity for the detection of propylene oxide. The common volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetone, acetaldehyde and benzene show no response to the catalysis of TiO 2 -Y 2 O 3 . Based on this phenomenon, a propylene oxide CTL sensor was designed. The ratio of TiO 2 and Y 2 O 3 and the annealed temperatures of the composites were optimized. It was found that when the mass ratio of TiO 2 and Y 2 O 3 was 1:3 and the annealed temperature was 500 °C, the catalytic materials showed the best performance. 0.3 L min −1 of carrier gas flow rate, 490 nm of detection wavelength and 197 °C of working temperature were selected as the optimal working conditions, and under the optimized conditions, the quantitative analysis was performed and CTL intensity was linearly correlated with PO concentration from 4.5 mg L –1 to 1375 mg L –1 with a detection limit (3σ) of 1.25 mg L –1 . The sensor was used for quantitative analysis and real-time monitoring of propylene oxide residues in fumigation cereals. The result was consistent with that analyzed by gas chromatography. The CTL sensor proposed here had many merits such as high sensitivity, rapidity and simple operation and had potential application prospects in the rapid detection of propylene oxide in food. At last, the mechanism of catalytic oxidation of PO was discussed as well.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.057
Zhigang Jiang,Le Zhang,Fangzheng Zhen,Qing Yao,Wei Bu,Tianyuan Zhou,Yuelong Ma,Rong Sun,Hao Chen,Yun Wang
Well-dispersed Y 2 O 3 powders were synthesized by a precipitation method from yttrium nitrate solution using (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and PEG4000 as the composite surfactant , and the dispersion mechanism of the composite surfactant was investigated in detail. Furthermore, the grain size, densification, mechanical and optical quality of as-prepared ceramics were also discussed. The dispersion state of both precursors and Y 2 O 3 powders could be remarkably effected by the mass ratio of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and PEG4000 during the liquid phase reaction process. When the function of electrostatic repulsion and the steric hindrance were combined properly, the aggregation state of powders could be effectively inhibited. With the addition of the mass ratio of 3:2 ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 to PEG4000), fine powders (130 nm) with high dispersion state were obtained. Meanwhile the Y 2 O 3 ceramics with an average grain size of 3.65 µm were fabricated by sintering at 1750 °C for 8 h.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 2.779
Yuxin Pan,Hui Lin,Jian Liu,Xiaodong Xu,Ruijin Hong,Chunxian Tao,Zhaoxia Han,Dawei Zhang
Yb,Ho:Y 2 O 3 ceramics have been fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering method (SPS). The microstructure and transmittance of the ceramics sintered from 1623 K to 1673 K were analyzed. The highest in-line transmittance of Yb,Ho:Y 2 O 3 ceramic sintered at 1673 K reached almost 83% at 750 nm with the thickness of 1 mm. The absorption spectra , fluorescence spectra and fluorescence decay curve were recorded at room temperature. The Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω 2 , Ω 4 and Ω 6 were calculated to be 8.33 × 10 −20 cm 2 , 1.81 × 10 −20 cm 2 , and 0.82 × 10 −20 cm 2 , respectively. The intense emission cross section of Yb,Ho:Y 2 O 3 ceramic was 3.43 × 10 −20 cm 2 at 2057 nm with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 208 nm. The results indicate that Yb,Ho:Y 2 O 3 transparent ceramic can be a promising laser gain medium for laser operation around 2 μm.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Pei Ren,Xingan Wang,Mu Zhang,Xudong Sun
Yttrium oxide is an ideal choice for titanium aluminum alloy melting and casting, its wider use is hindered by sintering challenges and low thermal shock resistance . To address this, we propose a gel casting method for calcium oxide-doped yttrium oxide production. We pretreated yttrium oxide with phosphoric acid to prevented hydrolysis and adjusted the isoelectric point of yttrium oxide to match calcium carbonate's. Anions from calcium carbonate increased slurry solid content (up to 58 vol%) while maintaining low viscosity (57.78 mPa·s at 40 s −1 shear rate). After sintering at 1650 °C for 2 h, the material showed a flexural strength of 78 MPa, with a 90% retention rate after thermal shock test. The introduction of calcium oxide induced lattice distortion, improving mechanical properties by aiding sintering and grain boundary diffusion. XPS and STEM analysis confirmed random replacement of Y 3+ by Ca 2+ at the C 2 position with 1 wt% doping.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2023
·
IF 11
Aiping Lin,Yang Zhang,Danjiao Zhao,Yu Wu,Shufen Wang,Jianmin Li,Lanlan Fan,Shixian Xiong,Lei Cao,Feng Gu
Flexible techniques for producing luminescent patterns with high-resolution and moderate efficiency at the microscale are potentially important for pattern display, customized anti-counterfeiting and data security. An innovative droplet-based aerosol jet printing procedure has been developed for the creation of prominently luminescent patterns of europium-doped yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ) inorganic phosphors in case of a rather low calcining temperature. Microscale luminescent patterns of pomegranate-shaped Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanospheres were effectively created by synchronizing the droplet deposition behavior and the microreactions therein. The deposition temperature was crucial to the pattern development accompanying a morphological transformation from dense film to spherical nanostructures by providing an anisotropic evaporation regime. The red emission of the printed luminescent patterns was nearly identical to that of the equivalents calcined at 1000 °C, indicating the possibility for future applications in flat panel display systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Crystals
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 8
·1081
·
IF 2.67
Yazhao Wang,Zhonghua Zhu,Shengdi Ta,Zeyu Cheng,Peng Zhang,Ninghan Zeng,Bernard Albert Goodman,Shoulei Xu,Wen Deng
A series of yttria-stabilized zirconia single-crystals doped with 0.000–0.250 mol% Tb4O7was prepared by the optical floating-zone method. As shown by XRD and Raman spectroscopy, all of the crystals had a cubic-phase structure. These were initially orange–yellow in color, which is indicative of the presence of Tb4+ions, but they then became colorless after being annealed in a H2/Ar atmosphere as a result of the reduction of Tb4+to Tb3+. The absorption spectra of the unannealed samples show both the 4f8→4f75d1transition of Tb3+ions and the Tb4+charge-transfer band. In addition, the transmittance of the crystals was increased by annealing. Under irradiation with 300 nm of light, all of the single-crystal samples showed seven emission peaks in the visible region, corresponding to the decay from the5D3,4excited state of Tb3+to the7FJ(J = 6–0) states. The most intense emission was at 544 nm, which corresponds to the typical strong green emission from the5D4→7F5transition in Tb3+ions.Keywords:yttria-stabilized zirconia;Tb4O7-doped;annealed in H2/Ar atmosphere;optical properties;optical floating-zone method
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2016
·Vol. 127
·期 3
·1889-1895
·
IF 1.781
Yuan Kangkang,Gan Xinzhu,Wang Xinqiang,Zhu Luyi,Zhang Guanghui,Xu Dong
The present study fully reports the decomposition of polyacetylacetonatozirconium (PAZ) in air with thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The influence of water vapor on the decomposition of PAZ was characterized with the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crystallization and phase transformation of PAZ were studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The experimental results show that water vapor promotes the decomposition of PAZ and crystallization of zirconia compared with air. Furthermore, the effect of different amount of stabilizer Y(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O on the pyrolysis and phase stabilization of PAZ shows that NO 3
− was beneficial to the oxidation of organic components and the formation of Y 2 O 3 could stabilize tetragonal zirconia and hinder grain growth.
研究领域:
材料化学
·
无机化学
·
纳米材料
·
热分析
·
光谱学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）