Oxygenation membranes operate as indirectly contacting barriers between blood and gas in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), improving oxygenation and removing carbon dioxide from blood. However, the low gas exchange efficiency of the current poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) artificial lung membrane results in a high prime volume. Facilitated transport membrane is a fascinating strategy to construct high-performance membranes for blood-gas exchange. This study put forward hybrid strategy by using metal-covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs) to construct facilitated transport membrane of PMP flat membranes and hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) to achieve facilitated blood-gas exchange. Cu-TAPB-COF nanosheets (CuCON) with framework structure and abundant active metal sites were synthetized and introduced into PMP to construct hybrid oxygenation membranes, reducing the resistance of gas exchange channels and ensuring the high affinity toward CO 2 and O 2 . Cu + and benzene rings existed in aromatic skeleton as well as the tunable structure, that could ensure the stability of MCOF and the uniform distribution of facilitated transport sites. The prepared PMP-CuCON-1 HFMs exhibited O 2 and CO 2 exchange rate of ∼467.5 ml min −1 m −2 and ∼309.1 ml min −1 m −2 in blood gas exchange process, which was 143.1% and 261.3% higher than the commercial PMP HFM, respectively. Asymmetric structure ensured resistance to plasma leakage for more than two weeks, and Cu + kept stable in CuCON and hybrid membranes. The hybrid membrane exhibited superior blood-gas exchange performance and good hemocompatibility, possessing great potential for application.
Poly(propylene-co-1-butene) (PP-co-BT) is a promising material for membrane separation, due to its greater flexibility, reduced melting point and lower crystallinity relative to other polyolefins including polypropylene and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene). Nevertheless, employing PP-co-BT in membrane separation poses a challenge due to the limited understanding of its thermodynamic and kinetic behavior in solution, as well as the lack of the appropriate means of optimizing membrane morphologies for specific applications. In this study, we aim to address these challenges by reporting the preparation of PP-co-BT membranes via the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) process using soybean oil and dibutyl phthalate as mixed diluent. The thermodynamic phase diagram demonstrates a liquid–liquid phase separation mechanism. By employing an isotropic cooling condition, we fabricate symmetric membranes with uniformly distributed bi-continuous pores. These membranes are subsequently coated with a mussel-inspired coating to achieve Janus wettability, enabling efficient separation of oil-in-water emulsions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability to produce PP-co-BT membranes with gradient or asymmetric porous structures by subjecting the TIPS process to temperature or concentration gradients. These gradient or asymmetric membranes hold promise for specific applications such as the removal of microplastics from water or as oxygenation membranes. This study showcases the potential of PP-co-BT in membrane separation, offering insights into the fabrication techniques and the versatility of PP-co-BT for various applications.
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